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Elements of Design
Every visual design can be broken down into these basic components, known as the elements of design. These are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Line Shape Form Space Color Texture
Line
A mark made by a moving point that has length and direction. It may be two-dimensional (as with pencil and paper), threedimensional (as with wire) or implied (the edge of a shape or form)
Types of line
Types of lines include; Vertical, horizontal, diagonal, curved, bent, points, angular, thin, thick, or wide, interrupted (dotted, dashed, broken) blurred or fuzzy, controlled, freehand, parallel, hatching, cross-hatching, meandering, and spiraling.
Straight Lines
Message Forceful, Rigid, Strong, Hard, Formal, Masculine, Crisp, Stiff, Severe Illusion Increases, emphasizes, reinforces body lines and angles, counters curved lines and rounded body areas Placements Closures, Necklines, Collars, Lapels, Seam lines, Darts, Tucks, Pleats, Folds, Stripes, Shapes, Silhouettes
Straight Lines
Vertical lines
Message Formal, strong, dignified, stiff, business-like, stately, conservative, majestic, efficient Illusion Increases, emphasizes, reinforces length, height, narrowness, thinness slimming, counters horizontal lines Placement Deep v-necklines, pointed collars, narrow lapels, narrow panels or gores, fabric insets, lengthwise grainline, vertical stripes, darts, tucks, pleats, folds, crease, zippers, row of buttons, pockets, ties, neckties, long sleeves, high heels
Vertical lines
Horizontal lines
Message Restful, stable, calm, relaxed, casual, quiet, serene, in repose, lethargic Illusion Increases, emphasizes, reinforces width, bulk, shortness, counters vertical lines, when placed high appears taller, when placed low appears shorter Placement Necklines, flat collars, bow ties, yoke lines, horizontal stripes, belts, cuffs, waistline, sashes, patch/flap pockets, wide-set double-breasted closure, strap shoes, platform shoes, wide-brimmed hat
Horizontal lines
Diagonal lines
Message Active, movement, instability, excitement, interesting, dramatic, restless, sophisticated, in motion, vitality Illusion Increases, emphasizes, reinforces the direction of the dominant angle, counters vertical and horizontal lines Placement V-shaped neckline, open collar, lapels, raglan sleeve seam lines, French darts, closures, surplice closure, row of buttons, fabric inset, diagonal stripes, gores, herringbone pattern, zigzag pattern, Aline skirt, flared skirt or pants, shoe laces crisscross straps
On this black and white diagonal striped dress ,the attention is towards this upper bodice diagonal lines this is because of the multi lines coming from shoulder to waist.
Diagonal lines
Curved lines
Message Gentle, Romantic, Fragile, Soft, Casual, Feminine, Graceful, Sensual Illusion Holds attention longer, increases, emphasizes, reinforces rounded soft-body curves, counter straight lines and angular body areas Placements Fabric pattern, necklines, collars, yoke lines, seam lines, bows, lapels, sleeves, ruffles, skirts, gathers, trims, buttons
Curved lines
Curved lines
Curved lines are translated into dress:
The curved line is seen in the inner and outer edges of the collar.
Curved images, such as curved lines of the fabric, makes the curves on the body more apparent and dramatic because model body looks fuller.
Structural
Vs. Decorative
Structural lines required to maintain the structure of the garment; for example, seams
Decorative lines created by the designer purely for decoration; for example, a printed-on design
Shape
An enclosed space defined and determined by other art elements such as line, color, value, and texture.
Clothing shapes that are most flattering to a person emphasize his or her good features and hide the less attractive ones.
An element of art that is three dimensional (height, width, and depth) and encloses volume.
For example a triangle, which is two dimensional, is a shape, and a pyramid, which is three dimensional is a form.
Form
An element of art that refers to the distance or area between, around, above, below, or within things. It can be described as two-dimensional or three-dimensional; as flat, shallow, or deep; as positive or negative; and as actual, or illusory.
Space