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ADHD

The Five French Fries


Darren
ADHD
• What is ADHD
• Timeline
• Types of adhd
• Causes And effects
• Diagnoses and Treatment
• Home and School Partnership
Fact or Fiction
1. All children with ad/hd are hyperactive.

2. AD/HD is result of poor parenting and lack of proper nutrition.

3. Effective treatment for children with ADHD is a combination of medication and behavioral modification.
Fact & Fiction

Source: www.adhd.ca
ADHD
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
• One of the most common childhood disorders,
which can continue through till adulthood
• 3 – 5% of school aged children have ADHD
• 30 to 65 percent of children with ADHD continue
to have symptoms into adolescence and
adulthood.
What other conditions
coexist with AD/HD
• Of children with AD/HD:
– 30 to 50% also have learning disabilities
– 40% also have oppositional defiant disorder
– 25%* also have conduct disorder
– 10 to 30% also have depression
– 30% also have anxiety disorders
– 20% also have bipolar disorder
– 7%** also have Tourette’s syndrome.

* 45% of adolescents with AD/HD have a conduct


disorder.
** 60% of individuals with Tourette’s syndrome also
have AD/HD.

http://education.alberta.ca
Subtypes
•Predominantly
Hyperactive-Impulsive
•Predominantly Inattentive
(also known as ADD)
•Combined Hyperactive-
Impulsive and Inattentive
Hyperactivity
• Have trouble sitting still (fidget, squirm)
• Talk nonstop, often interrupting the class
• Dash around, touching or playing with
anything and everything in sight
• Be constantly in motion
• Have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities
 Especially with homework
Impulsivity
• Impatient
• Blurt out inappropriate comments
• Have difficulty waiting for things they want Often
interrupt conversations or others' activities –
especially in the classroom
• Quick to make decisions – do not think before
they say and/or do things
Inattention
• Are easily distracted
• Forgetful, especially when it comes to homework
• Have difficulty focusing on one thing
• Become bored with a task after only a few
minutes, unless they are doing something
enjoyable
• Difficult to learn new concepts
• Do not seem to listen when being spoken to
• Have difficulty processing information as quickly
and accurately as others
Causes and Effects of
ADHD
Biological Explanation
– ADHD is a neurobiological disorder that results
from the interactions of several genes during the
perinatal period.

– The Dopamine neurotransmitter system is highly


involved.
• Multiple genes contribute
Biological Explanation
– Results in brain abnormalities
• Reduced size of brain lobes
• Inefficient circuits connecting front and back of
brain

http://research.aboutkidshealth.ca/teachadhd/abc/chapter2#SUBTITLE5
Catalyst Factors
– Genetic
• Highly heritable
– Ie) Identical vs. fraternal twin studies

– Environmental
• During the perinatal period, nicotine intake, lead-
exposure, and ingesting PCBs can increase the risk
of ADHD
Physiological Results:
– Difficulty doing the
following in – Affects the following areas
developmentally appropriate of a person’s functioning:
ways
• Self-control
• Regulate activity
• School achievement
level
• Social skills and
• Inhibit behavior
relationships
• Paying attention
http://www.adhd.ca/portals/adhd/eng/1
(Dr. Weiss)
Identifying ADHD
– Many children have moments of hyperactivity and
inattention but the behavioral difficulties experienced by
people with ADHD are excessive, long-term, and
pervasive.

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