Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
3. Effective treatment for children with ADHD is a combination of medication and behavioral modification.
Fact & Fiction
Source: www.adhd.ca
ADHD
• Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
• One of the most common childhood disorders,
which can continue through till adulthood
• 3 – 5% of school aged children have ADHD
• 30 to 65 percent of children with ADHD continue
to have symptoms into adolescence and
adulthood.
What other conditions
coexist with AD/HD
• Of children with AD/HD:
– 30 to 50% also have learning disabilities
– 40% also have oppositional defiant disorder
– 25%* also have conduct disorder
– 10 to 30% also have depression
– 30% also have anxiety disorders
– 20% also have bipolar disorder
– 7%** also have Tourette’s syndrome.
http://education.alberta.ca
Subtypes
•Predominantly
Hyperactive-Impulsive
•Predominantly Inattentive
(also known as ADD)
•Combined Hyperactive-
Impulsive and Inattentive
Hyperactivity
• Have trouble sitting still (fidget, squirm)
• Talk nonstop, often interrupting the class
• Dash around, touching or playing with
anything and everything in sight
• Be constantly in motion
• Have difficulty doing quiet tasks or activities
Especially with homework
Impulsivity
• Impatient
• Blurt out inappropriate comments
• Have difficulty waiting for things they want Often
interrupt conversations or others' activities –
especially in the classroom
• Quick to make decisions – do not think before
they say and/or do things
Inattention
• Are easily distracted
• Forgetful, especially when it comes to homework
• Have difficulty focusing on one thing
• Become bored with a task after only a few
minutes, unless they are doing something
enjoyable
• Difficult to learn new concepts
• Do not seem to listen when being spoken to
• Have difficulty processing information as quickly
and accurately as others
Causes and Effects of
ADHD
Biological Explanation
– ADHD is a neurobiological disorder that results
from the interactions of several genes during the
perinatal period.
http://research.aboutkidshealth.ca/teachadhd/abc/chapter2#SUBTITLE5
Catalyst Factors
– Genetic
• Highly heritable
– Ie) Identical vs. fraternal twin studies
– Environmental
• During the perinatal period, nicotine intake, lead-
exposure, and ingesting PCBs can increase the risk
of ADHD
Physiological Results:
– Difficulty doing the
following in – Affects the following areas
developmentally appropriate of a person’s functioning:
ways
• Self-control
• Regulate activity
• School achievement
level
• Social skills and
• Inhibit behavior
relationships
• Paying attention
http://www.adhd.ca/portals/adhd/eng/1
(Dr. Weiss)
Identifying ADHD
– Many children have moments of hyperactivity and
inattention but the behavioral difficulties experienced by
people with ADHD are excessive, long-term, and
pervasive.