Regional Disagreements

Chapter 12, Lesson 1 Social Studies (Grade 5) Lecture Notes for 02/03/2014 to 02/07/2014 Mr. Haywood

Objective
O (3c) Critique the

development and impact of slavery in North America, including the causes, conditions, and effects on enslaved Africans in North America. (DOK 3)

Common Core State Standard

O CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.5.2

Determine two or more main ideas of a text and explain how they are supported by key details; summarize the text.

Vocabulary
O Sectionalism: Regional loyalty
O Tariff: a tax O States Rights: The idea that

the states, not the federal government, should have the final authority over their own affairs.

Vocabulary
O Free State: Did not allow

slavery O Slave State: Allowed slavery

O As

the United States expanded its border in the first half of the 1800s, strong differences developed among the various regions.

Debate over State Authority

O Sectionalism in the United States

became a serious problem in 1828, when Congress set a high tariff, or tax, on some imports. O The tariff helped the North because most of the nations factories were located there. O However, it did little to help the South, which remained mostly an agricultural region.

O People in the South sold many

of their cash crops to businesses in Europe. O In return, they bought many European manufactured goods. O Southerners generally opposed the tariff because they did not like having to pay higher prices for those goods.

O In 1829 Andrew Jackson became

President, and John C. Calhoun of South Carolina became Vice President. O Calhoun argued against the tariff. He believed in states rights. O Although President Jackson was known to support states rights, he still believed that the federal government had the constitutional right to collect the tariff.

Division over Slavery

O Northern and Southern states had argued

over slavery since the writing of the Constitution. O Settlers from the North did not want slavery in the new western lands. Most Northerners thought that slavery should go no further than where it already was the South. O Most Southern slave owners believed that they had the right to to take their slaves wherever they wanted.

O Under the Missouri Compromise, Missouri

would be allowed to join the Union as a slave state. Maine, which had also asked to become a state, would join as a free state. O Henry Clay worked toward a compromise called the Compromise of 1850. He became known as the Great Compromiser. O Under the Kansas-Nebraska Act, voters there decided whether or not to allow slavery.

O The U.S. Supreme Court denied Dred

Scott his freedom because Chief Justice Roger B. Taney said that slaves had none of the rights and privileges of American citizens.