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Communication
Learning Objectives
Explain why effective communication helps an organization gain a competitive advantage. Describe the communication process, and explain the role of perception in communication. Define information richness, and describe the information richness of communication media available to managers.
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Learning Objectives
Describe the communication networks that exist in groups and teams. Explain how advances in technology have given managers new options for managing communications. Describe important communication skills that managers need as senders and receivers of messages.
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Figure 16.1
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Question?
What part of the communication process has the sender translating the message into symbols or language? A. Message B. Encoding C. Decoding D. Feedback
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Nonverbal
The encoding of messages by means of facial expressions, body language, and styles of dress.
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Question?
What is the amount of information that a communication medium can carry? A. Channel capacity B. Information richness C. Bandwidth D. Message capacity
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Information Richness
The amount of information that a communication medium can carry The extent to which the medium enables the sender and receiver to reach a common understanding
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Figure 16.2
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Communication Media
Face-to-Face
Has highest information richness. Can take advantage of verbal and nonverbal signals.
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Communication Media
Face-to-Face
Provides for instant feedback. Management by wandering around takes advantage of this with informal talks to workers. Video conferences provide much of this richness and reduce travel costs and meeting times.
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Communication Media
Spoken Communication Electronically Transmitted
Has the second highest information richness. Telephone conversations are information rich with tone of voice, senders emphasis, and quick feedback, but provide no visual nonverbal cues.
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Communication Media
Personally Addressed Written Communication
Has a lower richness than the verbal forms of communication, but still is directed at a given person. Personal addressing helps ensure receiver actually reads the messagepersonal letters and e-mail are common forms.
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Communication Media
Personally Addressed Written Communication
Does not provide instant feedback to the sender although sender may get feedback later. Excellent media for complex messages requesting follow-up actions by receiver.
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Communication Media
Impersonal Written Communication
Has the lowest information richness. Good for messages to many receivers where little or feedback is expected (e.g., newsletters, reports)
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Communication Media
Many managers do not have time to read all the electronic work-related information available to them Problem with information overload is the potential for important information to be ignored or overlooked Can result in lost productivity
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Communication Networks
Communication Networks
The pathways along which information flows in groups and teams and throughout the organization.
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Communication Networks
Type of communication network depends on:
The nature of the groups tasks The extent to which group members need to communicate with each other to achieve group goals.
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Wheel and chain networks provide little interaction. Circle Network All-Channel Network Members communicate with others close to them in terms of expertise, experience, and location. Networks found in teams with high levels of communications between each member and all others.
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Figure 16.3
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Figure 16.4
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Advantages of intranets
Lies in their versatility as a communication medium Can be used for a number of different purposes by people who may have little expertise in computer software and programming
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Groupware
Employees are likely to resist using groupware when:
people are working primarily on their own people are rewarded for their own individual performances People are reluctant to share information
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Groupware
Collaboration software
groupware that aims to promote collaborative, highly interdependent interactions among members of a team and provide the team with an electronic meeting site for communication
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Discussion Question?
What is the most important communication skill for managers? A. Be a good listener: dont interrupt B. Be empathetic C. Ask questions to clarify your understanding D. Understand linguistic styles
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