Materials Science and Engineering CHE F243

Karthik Chethan V. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus 2013

Quiz - I
1. Describe anomalous expansion of ice and the reasons for its occurrence. Also, explain why this phenomena is disadvantageous in many cases. Write the typical density and molecular weight values of metals, ceramics and polymers with examples and calculate the molar volume of these materials. In comparing these materials, why is molar volume comparison more appropriate than density comparison.

2.

Explain why covalently bonded materials are less dense than metallic materials. Despite covalent bonding, why does diamond exhibit high bonding energy, explain. In addition to density and mechanical rigidity information, what other material properties information does the potential energy diagrams provide.
Explain as to how the charge balance in metals (number of positive charges = number of negative charges) is achieved. Despite metallic bonding, why does mercury exhibit low bonding energy, explain. Sketch the potential energy diagrams and corresponding force vs. interatomic distance diagrams for i) dense and rigid material and ii) less dense and less rigid material. Within a cubic unit cell, sketch the following directions: [1 1 1], [2 1 2], [3 1 2] and [3 0 1].

3.

4.

5.

The net potential energy between two adjacent ions, EN, may be represented by, EN = EA (attractive potential) + ER (repulsive potential) EN = - A/r + B/rn Calculate the bonding energy EO in terms of parameters A, B and n (hint: the curve is a minimum at EO). What is the physical meaning of A in the attractive potential term.

Quiz 2
1. 2. 3. For the HCP crystal structure, show that the ideal c/a ratio is 1.633. Show that the atomic packing factor for HCP is 0.74. i) What are the two characteristics of component ions that determine the crystal structure of a ceramic compound? ii) Show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of four is 0.225. If lines are drawn from the centers of the anions, then a tetrahedron is formed. The tetrahedron may be inscribed within a cube. Mention an example of a compound exhibiting tetrahedron structure (two examples were discussed in class). 4. Show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of 6 is 0.414 (using the rock salt crystal structure). Show one of the faces of the rock salt crystal structure that you are considering in determining the ratio. 5. i) Predict and sketch the crystal structure for calcium oxide on the basis of ionic charge and ionic radii (c/a ratio is 0.714) (coordination no = 6). ii) Sketch within a cubic unit cell the following planes: (3 -1 3), (-1 1 -1), (0 1 2) and ( -2 1 2).