ENERGY FROM SOLID AND LIQUID WASTE

HIGH RATE REACTORS

by-
Roshan
taara.S.B
BTE07037
 Astheir name implies, high-rate
reactors, also referred to as fast
reactors ,carry material at high rate
as a flowing stream.
 Reactants are continuously fed into
the reactor and emerge as
continuous stream of product.
 Upward-flow anaerobic sludge
blanket (UASB) reactor.
 Expanded granular sludge bed
(EGSB) reactor.
 High rate sludge reactor.
 Anaerobic granular sludge bed
technology is a special kind of
reactor concept for the "high rate"
anaerobic treatment of wastewater.
 The concept was initiated with
upward-flow anaerobic sludge
blanket (UASB) reactor.
 A UASB reactor is at first appearance
nothing more than an empty tank.
 Wastewater is distributed into the tank at
appropriately spaced inlets.
 The wastewater passes upwards through
an anaerobic sludge bed where the
microorganisms in the sludge come into
contact with wastewater-substrates. 
 It forms granules (pellets) of 0.5 to 2 mm
diameter that have a high sedimentation
velocity .
 It results in the production of gas (e.g.
biogas containing CH4 and CO2).
 Distinguishing feature is that a
faster rate of upward-flow velocity is
designed for the wastewater passing
through the sludge bed.
 The EGSB design is appropriate for
low strength soluble wastewaters .
 For wastewaters that contain inert or
poorly biodegradable suspended
particles.
A high rate reactor for the treatment
of biosludge has been designed
which combines the processes of
land farming, sand bed dewatering,
and forced aeration composting
 Volume reduction, stabilization, and
solidification are achieved at
improved.
 The reactor is essentially a sand bed
overlying a drainage system housed
in an inflatable, pressurized building.
 It can effectively treat biosludge
through dewatering and
biodegradation at high rates over
conventional practices.
 The reactor operates independent of
climate and is a closed system
minimizing environmental
monitoring.
 The four top applications of high rate
anaerobic reactor systems are for:
 Breweries and beverage industry
 Distilleries and fermentation industry
 Food Industry
 Pulp and paper.
 These four industrial sectors account
for 87% of the applications.
 Also in the treatment of chemical and
petrochemical industry effluents.
 Treatment of textile industry
wastewater, landfill leachates as well
as applications directed at conversions
in the sulfur cycle and removal of
metals .