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A. M. Tsvelik
Graphene – a sheet of carbon atoms
Monte Carlo simulations (Katsnelson et. al. (2007)): disordered state with weakly
T-dependent correlation length (70A at 300K and 30A at 3500K).
Crumpling of graphene sheet – the main
source of disorder.
Dirac Hamiltonian for low energy states
• The Bloch functions A and B are peaked on the corresponding sublattices. They are
conveniently joined in a vector
V = c/300
Klein paradox – electrons go through potential barriers
Penetration of particles
through potential
barriers. The transmission
probability T is directionally-
dependent.
For high barriers (V >> E)
Hopes for applications - spintronics
A color map of the spatial density variations in the graphene flake . Blue
regions are holes and gold regions are electrons. The black contour – zero
density. About 100 particles/puddle, k_Fl ~ 10.
They make it dirty, we make it clean!
Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
0.0
(ARPES) study of the graphene spectrum
done by T. Valla (BNL) on locally grown
samples.
-0.5
-1.5
-2.0
-0.2 0.0 -1 0.2
k [Å ]
Hall effect (Cho and Fuhrer (2007))
Conductivity as a function of the chemical potential.
Hall effect
Why it is so narrow?
Zero mode and Index theorem
Hamiltonian in one of the valleys.
We neglect the Zeeman splitting.
Eigenfunction with zero energy always exists, no matter how non-uniform the
field is:
FQHE at these fillings is the only effect observed so far where interactions play
a role.
Interaction
symmetry .
The role of bending fluctuations is not very clear, the theory is not
finalized.