PSIKOTERAPI

Eri Achmad P S I K I AT E R
eriachmad@yahoo.co.id

TOPIK BAHASAN
Pengenalan umum PSIKOTERAPI

PSYCHOTERAPHY
Psychotherapy is commonly thought of as an interpersonal process, involving a verbal and/or nonverbal interchange between a patient who exhibits psychological problems and a trained therapists to aid in life problems Psychotherapy is often used either alone or in combination with medication to treat mental illnesses

 Goals:
increase sense of well-being, reduce discomfort Learn to identify and change behaviors or thoughts that adversely affect life Explore and improve relationships Find better ways to cope and solve problems Learn to set realistic goals

Employs range of techniques based on relationship building, dialogue, communication and behavior change designed to improve the mental of individual patient or group

How Does Psychotherapy Help?

Understand the behaviors, emotions, and ideas that contribute to his or her illness and learning how to modify them Understand and identify the life problems or events -like a major illness, a death in the family, a loss of a job, or a divorce -- that contribute to their illness and help them understand which aspects of those problems they may be able to solve or improve Regain a sense of control and pleasure in life Learn coping techniques and problem-solving skills

Your brain on psychotherapy

Psychotherapy-related changes in brain activity are strikingly similar within patients who share the same psychiatric diagnosis. Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy achieve similar efficacy and are associated with overlapping but not identical changes in brainimaging profiles
Roffman J. et al. Neuroimaging and functional neuroanatomy of psychotherapy. Psychological med 2005 35:1385-1398

Who seeks therapyand why?

Children
behavioral, school, family issues

Adolescents
as above and issues of separation and peer relationships

Young adults
all of above plus career issues

Mature adults
all of above plus issues of changing relationships, family alignments, health, work and social status

Older adults:
all of above plus end of life issues

Types of Therapy
Individual/Interpersonal: This therapy involves only the patient and the therapist Group: Two or more patients may participate in therapy at the same time. Patients are able to share experiences and learn that others feel the same way and have had the same experiences Marital/couples: This type of therapy helps spouses and partners understand why their loved one has a mental disorder, what changes in communication and behaviors can help, and what they can do to cope

 Family: Because family is a key part of the team that helps people with mental illness get better, it is sometimes helpful for family members to understand what their loved one is going through, how they themselves can cope, and what they can do to help

Brief Psychotherapy Behavior therapy Cognitive therapy / CBT Hypnosis Psychiatric Rehabilitation

Starting Therapy
Therapy works best when you attend all scheduled appointments. The effectiveness of therapy depends on your active participation. It requires time, effort, and regularity As you begin therapy, establish some goals with your therapist. Then spend time periodically reviewing your progress with your therapist. If you don't like the therapist's approach or if you don't think the therapist is helping you, talk to him or her about it and seek a second opinion if both agree, but don't discontinue therapy abruptly

 Identify sources of stress: Try keeping a journal and note stressful as well as positive events Restructure priorities: Emphasize positive, effective behavior Make time for recreational and pleasurable activities Communicate: Explain and assert your needs to someone you trust; write in a journal to express your feelings Try to focus on positive outcomes and finding methods for reducing and managing stress