Group 3

Writing To Learn 1. Melanie Dewata 2. Ranti Fitri Anwar 3. Yesi Mutiara

4. Yoga Prihandika

What will be discussed? 1. 2. 3. 4. To use underline effectively. To make marginal annotations. To paraphrase text. To use outlining to organize the ideas. 5. To summarize information. 6. To draw conceptual maps.

A. Underlining
What is underlining? Underlining is : Identifying important information Purpose of underlining: Identifying and mark those portions of an assignment that are important to reread when we study that chapter.

How To Underline Effectively?

1. Read a paragraph or section first and then go back and underline what is important. 2. Use your knowledge of paragraph to guide your underlining. 3. Use heading to guide your underlining. 4. Use a system for underlining 5. Underline just enough words. 6. Be sure that your underlining accurately reflect the content of the passage

Underline The right Amount.

Try to underline effectively, not too much or too little. Just underline that important of your reading .

B. Annotating what is annotating?

Annotating is:

Annotate is basically just taking notes of the

important details. This is a method of recording our thinking about the key ideas.

Using of annotations to: 1. Write question about the material 2. Condense key points

3. Identify ideas which you disagree

4. Mark good or poor examples of supporting data 5. Jot down inconsistencies 6. Locate key terms of definitions 7. Consider contrasting points of view 8. Summarize key arguments

9. Mark words with strong connotative meaning

10. Identify the authors view points or feelings.

Methods in Annotating
1. Using symbol to annotate Using symbols can distinguish types of information to emphasize material to be studied or to show relationship among ideas. 2. Annotating to condense information annotating is a useful technique as you work through complicated or lengthy explanation. A few marginal notes can be used to summarize an entire paragraph

3. Annotating to record reactions annotating is intended to provoke readers response, it is essential to record your reactions and feelings as you read.

C. PARAPHRASING What is paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is a technique that is used to restate a passages idea in your own words in order to make the passages meaning clearer

How do we do paraphrasing?
a. Read slowly and carefully b. Read the material through entirely before writing anything c. As you read, focus on both exact meanings and relationships among ideas d. Begin paraphrasing sentence by sentence e. Read each sentence and identify its core meaning

f. Dont try to paraphrase word by word g. For words or phrases about which you are unsure of the meaning, check a dictionary to locate a more familiar meaning h. You may combine several original sentences into a more concise paraphrase i. Compare your paraphrase with the original for completeness and accuracy.

 Example
Preamble: Paraphrase:

We the people of United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain a and establish this Constitution of the United States of America.

The citizens of the United States established the Constitution to create a better country, to provide rightful treatment, peace, protection, and well-being for themselves and future citizens.

NOTICE How synonyms were substituted for words in the original The order of information is rearranged.

D.OUTLINING What is outlining? Outlining is an effective way to organize information and discover relationships among ideas

How do we write an outline?

a. Read a section completely before writing b. Be brief and concise; do not write in complete sentences c. Use your own words rather than those in the text d. Be certain that all information beneath a heading supports or explains it e. Every heading that is aligned vertically should be of equal importance

Format for an outline:

I. First major topic A. First major idea 1. First important detail 2. Second important detail B. Second major idea 1. First important detail a. Minor detail or example 2. Second important detail II.Second major topic A. First major idea

E. MAPPING What is Mapping?

Mapping to show relationship.

Mapping is a process of drawing diagrams to describe how a topic and its related ideas are connected.

 What is the concept of maps?

Concept maps are visual outlines; they show how ideas within a passage are related.

 How to draw a map? Follow these steps:

1. Identify the overall subject and write it in the center or at the top of page

2. Identify the major supporting information that relates to the topic

3. Draw a new line branching from the idea that it explains

 Thought pattern maps

we may draw a map that reflect a particular pattern. Ex: for a historical text and it will helpful to draw lines to organize events within historical periods.

Here is the example for concept maps

Tecniques for reading faster Eye movement patterns

clusters

Key words

Cue words

Pacing

rereading

F. SUMMARIZE what is summarizing?

SUMMARIZING INFORMATION

Summary is a compact restatement of the key point of a passage, a shortened version of a longer message. It does not include all information presented in original.

How to write a summary?

Read the entire original work first Reread the underline key points

Review your underlining

Write sentences to include all remaining underlined information Present ideas in summary in the same order as original

Revise your summary

For example of summary you can open your book at page 310312.