Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomic Methods Chapter 44 : Team Training

Presented By : Rahma Utari Delivered in order of Human Factors & Ergonomics Class
Magister Program of Industrial Engineering University of Indonesia Depok, 2013

Outline
1) 2) 3) 4) Background of Team Training Team Training Procedures Advantages and Disadvantages Correlation Between Team Training and Team Performance

Background of Team Training

Background of Team Training Team Training Procedures

Advantages & Disadvantages

The nature of work has changed. Organizations now face increased competition and collaboration within and across organizational, geographic, and temporal boundaries; a need to engage a demographically heterogeneous workforce; a need to deal with advancements in information technology; a need to promote safety; and a need to foster enduring customer relations (Noe, 2002; Pfeffer & Sutton, 2000; Tannenbaum, 2002)

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Work Teams

Background of Team Training Team Training Procedures

Work Teams

Team Training

Improved Team Competencies Knowledge

Advantages & Disadvantages

Skills Attitudes

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Team Training Procedures

Background of Team Training

Step 1
Team Training Procedures

Determining the team training requirements

Step 2
Advantages & Disadvantages

Delineate Required KSAs

Select appropriate instructional delivery Step 3 method Design the team training strategy

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Step 4

Step 1
Background of Team Training

Determining the Team Training Requirements

Team Training Procedures

What needs to be trained

Determine the measurements needed

Advantages & Disadvantages

How to deliver the training

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Effective training

Step 2
Background of Team Training

Delineate Required KSAs

Teamwork Competencies

Team Training Procedures

Advantages & Disadvantages

Team Competencies Knowledge Skills Attitudes

Taskwork Competencies

Effective

Team

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Step 3
Background of Team Training

Select appropriate instructional delivery method

Information Based

Team Training Procedures

Advantages & Disadvantages

Basic Methods for Delivery of Team Training

Demonstration Based

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Practice Based

Step 4
Background of Team Training

Design the team training strategy

Cross-training
Team Training Procedures

Event-based approach to training (EBAT) Team coordination training Simulationbased training and games

Self-correction training

Advantages & Disadvantages

Stress exposure training Guided selfcorrection training

Scenario-based training

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

On-the-job training
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Advantages and Disadvantages

Background of Team Training

Team Training Procedures

Creates opportunities to practice and get feedback regarding teamwork KSAs Provide a set of strategies to choose from Improves teamwork and related process Has a proven track record Not a simple structure to implement or design Substantial effects on training found from individual differences Unobservable processes Notable gap between research and practice Must be maintained by organizations 10

Advantages & Disadvantages

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Background of Team Training

Team Training Procedures

Advantages & Disadvantages

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Source : Salas, E., DiazGranadoz, D., Klein, C., Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Goodwin, G. F., Halpin, S. M. (2008). Does Team Training Improving Team Performance? A Meta-Analysis. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and 11 Ergonomic Society, 50, 903-933

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Team Training Based Upon Outcome Type

Background of Team Training

Outcome Type Cognitive Affective Process Performance

N 554 465 607 1024

k 12 16 25 40

.22 .35 .44 .39

Team Training Procedures

All outcomes
Advantages & Disadvantages

1563

52

.34

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

N : The number of teams in each analysis k : The number of independent effect sizes (correlatios) in each analysis : The estimated true score correlation
Source : Salas, E., DiazGranadoz, D., Klein, C., Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Goodwin, G. F., Halpin, S. M. (2008). Does Team Training Improving Team Performance? A Meta-Analysis. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and 12 Ergonomic Society, 50, 903-933

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Team Training Based Upon Training Content

Training Content
Background of Team Training

Outcome Type Cognitive Affective Process Performance Cognitive Affective Process Performance Cognitive

N 242 90 145 240 86 326 236 374 226 49 226 410

k 4 1 3 6 2 11 13 17 6 4 9 17

.30 .11 .28 .35 .52 .41 .44 .29 .20 .36 .56 .2013

Taskwork
Team Training Procedures

Advantages & Disadvantages

Teamwork

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Mix

Affective Process Performance

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Team Training Based Upon Membership Stability

Background of Team Training

Membership Stability

Outcome Type Cognitive

N 254 75 122 554 211 532 902

k 9 8 8 12 7 17 32

.41 .48 .54 .18 .28 .39 .25

Team Training Procedures

Intact

Affective Process Performance Cognitive

Advantages & Disadvantages

Ad Hoc
Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Affective Process Performance

Source : Salas, E., DiazGranadoz, D., Klein, C., Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Goodwin, G. F., Halpin, S. M. (2008). Does Team Training Improving Team Performance? A Meta-Analysis. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and 14 Ergonomic Society, 50, 903-933

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Team Training Based Upon Team Size

Training Content
Background of Team Training

Outcome Type Cognitive Affective

N 77 249

k 2 6

.16 .39

Small
Team Training Procedures

Process
Performance Cognitive Affective Process Performance Cognitive

253
418 477 183 288 461 33 66

10
12 10 7 7 15 3 8

.59
.15 .23 .28 .33 .23 .08 .49

Advantages & Disadvantages

Medium

Correlations Between Team Training and Team Performance

Large

Affective Process

Performance

145

13

.50

15

References
Noe, R. A. (2002). Employee training and development. Boston: McGraw-Hill Pfeffer, J., & Sutton, R. I. (2000). The knowing-doing gap: How smart companies turn knowledge into action. Boston: Harvard Business School Press Salas, E., DiazGranadoz, D., Klein, C., Burke, C. S., Stagl, K. C., Goodwin, G. F., Halpin, S. M. (2008). Does Team Training Improving Team Performance? A Meta-Analysis. Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomic Society, 50, 903-933 Stanton, N., Hedge, A., Brookhuis, K., Salas. E., Hendrick, H. (2005). Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomic Methods. Florida : CRC Press Tannenbaum, S. (2002). A strategic view of organizational training and learning. In K. Kraiger (Ed.), Creating, implementing, and managing effective training and development (pp. 1052). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

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End of Presentation Thank You for Your Attention