TEXTBOOK CITIZENSHIP: THE DEPICTION OF CITIZENSHIP IN SELECTED SOCIAL STUDIES HIGH SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS IN ILOILO CITY

Prepared by: Doni June V. Almio BA (Political Science-Management) IV

Statement of the Problem and Conceptual Framework

This is a content analysis that is aimed in identifying how textbooks portray citizenship, specifically in the selected social studies textbooks of high school students in Iloilo City.

Objectives and Methodology

Objectives

1. 2.
3.

To identify the process on how textbooks are made in the Philippines. To describe how social studies textbooks of high school students in Iloilo City depict citizenship. To contrast the textbook citizenship found in this study than that of the other states, specifically Russia and Bulgaria.

Methodology - Collection of Textbooks

- Content Analysis
- Key Informant Interview

1st Objective: The Process of Textbook Making and Selection

Bodies Involved in Textbook Making in the Philippines
Department of Education - IMCS/ National Book Development Board Sets guidelines and policies for textbooks and other instructional materials.

Textbook Evaluators Responsible for checking the quality of the textbooks written and published by the publishing companies

Teacher Education Institutions In charge of making decisions on what should be included in textbooks

Finished Product: Textbooks Textbooks are now used in schools

Textbook Authors and Publishers Responsible for producing quality textbooks

1st Objective: The Process of Textbook Making and Selection

School Level Textbook Selection - SPED-ISEC

- University of the Philippine High School in Iloilo

- West Visayas State Integrated Laboratory School - PAREF-Westbridge School for Boys, Inc.

2nd Objective: Depiction of Citizenship in Textbooks

SPED-ISEC KAYAMANAN I: Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas KAYAMANAN II: Kasaysayan ng Asia KAYAMANAN III: Kasaysayan ng Mundo KAYAMANAN IV: Ekonomiks West Visayas State University Integrated Laboratory School Ang Pilipinas: Heograpiya, Kasaysayan, at Pamahalaan by Lamberto P. Gabriel Asian Civilization: History and Culture by Grace Estrela C. Mateo, Ph. D., Ricardo T. Jose, Ph. D., Ma. Luisa T. Camagay, Ph. D., Evelyn A. Miranda, PAREF Westbridge School for Boys: Ph.D., Celestina P. Boncan, Ph. D. A History of the Filipino People for High Schools World History by Gloria P. Barrientos by Paul Dumol Ekonomiks Para Sa Filipino by Shirley Nuevo and Asian History and Civilization by Florido Leuterio Ma. Theresa Nera-Lauron World History by Gregorio and Sonia Zaide Understanding Economics in the Philippine Setting by Tereso S. Tulla Jr., Ph. D. University of the Philippines High School in Iloilo

History of the Filipino People by Teodoro Agoncillo History of Asian Nations by Gregorio and Sonia Zaide World History by Marvin Perry Guide to Economics for Filipinos by Bernardo M. Villegas

2nd Objective: Depiction of Citizenship in Textbooks

Passive Citizenship
Active Citizenship National Citizenship Religious Citizenship
ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP

RELIGIOUS CITIZENSHIP

PASSIVE CITIZENSHIP

NATIONAL CITIZENSHIP

3rd Objective: Similarities & Differences: Citizenships Of Other States And Citizenships In Textbooks Used In Iloilo City

The Filipino Political Culture

The Bulgarian Political Culture The Russian Political Culture

3rd Objective: Similarities & Differences: Citizenships Of Other States And Citizenships In Textbooks Used In Iloilo City

Similarities
Passive Citizenship National Citizenship

Differences
Citizenships Depicted in Philippine textbooks vary. Bulgarian and Russian Citizenship moves toward a path of passivity and nationalism alone.

Conclusion
The government is indeed in charge of textbook making in the Philippines. The government entails a certain citizenship for the Filipinos.

References
Altbach, P. G., Kelly, G. P., Petire, H. G., & Weis, L. (1991). Textbooks in American Society: Politics, Policy, and Pedagogy. Albany: State University of New York Press. Apple, M. W. (1992). The Text and Cultural Politics. Educational Researcher Volume 21 Number 7 , 4-11. ASEAN. (1997, December). ASEAN Vision 2020. Kuala Lampur. Buhain, D. D. (2005, March 26). Publishing Today (Philippines). Thailand: Philippine Educational Publishers Association. Crisp, B., Anderson, M., Orme, J., & Lister, P. G. (2006). What Can We Learn about Social Work Assessment from the Textbooks? Journal of Social Work , 337-359. Department of Education. (2010). Kurikulum ng Edukasyong Sekondari: Dokumentong Pangkurikulum sa Araling Panlipunan I. Philippines.

Diokno, M. S. (2009, September 5). History in Basic Education. Retrieved September 19, 2011, from INQUIRER.net: http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20090905-223619/History-in-basic-education Engada Jr., H. (2010, April). Amor Patria: Portrayal of the Nation in Elementary Social Studies Textbook. Evans, M. (2006). Characterizations of Citizenship Education Pedagogy in Canada and England: Implications for Teacher Education. Citizenship Teaching and Learning, Volume 2, No.1 , 40-54. Florido, A. M. (2006). Educational Profile in the Philippines and Best Practices in Filipino Schools and Classrooms. USA.

References
Grammes, T. (2011). Nationalism, Patriotism, Citizenship and beyond Editorial. Journal of Social Science Education, Volume 10, Number 1 , 211. Hepburn, E. (2011). Citizens of the region: Party conceptions of regional citizenship. European Journal of Political Research , 504-529. Hranova, A. (2011). History Education and Civic Education: The Bulgarian Case. Journal of Social Science Education, Volume 10, Number 1 , 3343. Hsieh, H.-F., & Shannon, S. (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research , 1277-1288. Marias, B. O., & Ditapat, M. P. (n.d.). Philippines: Curriculum Development.

Nair, J. (2005). 'Dead Certainties' and the Politics of Textbook Writing. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 40 No. 16 , 1587-1592.
Poca, R. (2010, June 6). Political Culture. Retrieved February 26, 2012, from Global Nation Inquirer: http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/opinion/view/20100629-278197/Political_culture Publishers Global. (2012). Asian Development Bank. Retrieved January 24, 2012, from Publishers Global.com: http://www.publishersglobal.com/directory/publisher.asp?publisherid=1561

Reyes, P. L. (2007). The Language of History: An Overview of the Linguistic Turn in Philippine History Textbooks, 1992-2000. (Re)Making Society , 27-60.

References
Sun Star Manila. (2011, April 19). Education official: Error-free textbook as an 'impossible dream'. Retrieved December 20, 2011, from Sun Star Manila: http://www.sunstar.com.ph/manila/localnews/2011/04/19/education-official-error-free-textbook-impossible-dream-151313 Todorov, A. (2011). Bulgarian Political Culture and Civic Participation. Bulgaria: Fredriech Ebert Foundation, Office Bulgaria. United States General Accounting Office: Program for Evaluation and Methodology Division. (1996). Content Analysis: A Methodology for Structuring and Analyzing Written Material. USA: United States General Accounting Office: Program for Evaluation and Methodology Division. Vibal Publishing, Inc. (2009, May 30). Vibal Publishing Bags 2 NBDB Quality Seal Awards. Retrieved 12 2011, January, from Vibal Publishing: http://www.vibalpublishing.com/news/item/233-vibal-publishingbags-seal-awards.html?tmpl=component&print=1 Zimenkova, T. (2008). Citizenship Through Faith and Feelings: Defining Citizenship in Citizenship Education. An Exemplary Textbook Analysis. Journal of Social Science Education, Volume 9, Number 1 , 81111.

Textbooks Used
Agoncillo, T. (1990). History of the Filipino People. Philippines.: Garotech Publishing. Antonio, E. D., Dallo, E. M., Imperial, C. M., Samson, M. C., & Soriano, C. D. (2005). Kayamanan I: Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Philippines: Rex Bookstore. Barrientos, G. P. World History. Philippines. Gabriel, L. P. Ang Pilipinas: Heograpiya, Kasaysayan at Pamahalaan. Philippines. Mateo, G. E., Jose, R. T., Camagay, M. L., Miranda, E. A., & Boncan, C. P. Asian Civilization: History and Culture. Philippines. Nuevo, S., & Nera-Lauron, M. T. Ekonomiks Para sa Filipino. Philippines. Samson, M. C., Antonio, E. D., Dallo, E. M., Imperial, C. M., & Soriano, C. D. (2005). Kayamanan II: Kasaysayan ng Asia. Philippines: Rex Bookstore. Soriano, C. D., Antonio, E. D., Dallo, E. M., Imperial, C. M., & Samson, M. C. (2005). Kayamanan III: Kasaysayan ng Mundo. Philippines: Rex Bookstore.

Soriano, C. D., Antonio, E. D., Dallo, E. M., Imperial, C. M., & Samson, M. C. (2005). Kayamanan IV: Ekonomiks. Philippines: Rex Bookstore.
Tullao, T. J. Understanding Economics in the Philippine Setting. Philippines. Villegas, B. M. Guide to Economics for Filipinos. Philippines. Zaide, G., & Zaide, S. History of Asian Nations.

Interviews
Gaitan, O. J. (2012, January 22). Social Studies Teacher - WVSU-ILS. (D. J. Almio, Interviewer) Gilles, R. (2012, January 22). Director - PAREF-Westbridge School for Boys, Inc. (D. J. Almio, Interviewer) Lacson, R. (2012, January 13). Social Studies Teacher, SPED. (D. J. Almio, Interviewer) Maquiran, D. (2012, February 22). Social Studies Professor - UP High School in Iloilo. (D. J. Almio, Interviewer)

Pineda, H. M. (2012, January). Textbook Evaluator, Department of Education Region 6. (D. J. Almio, Interviewer)