Simulation for Earthquake Engineering Research and Practice Using OpenSees and Grid

By Gouri Kadam Centre for Development of Advanced Computing(C-DAC)Pune

7-17 Feb 2011

Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Contents
Need for computational simulation in earthquake engineering Overview of the Application About NeesGrid Computing And Data Requirements OpenSees on Grid Garuda Job Submission Methods Command Line Job Submission Portal AGSG Client Examples Concluding Remarks

7-17 Feb 2011

Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Need for computational simulation in earthquake engineering.

There are two broad needs for computational simulation in earthquake engineering. Research focused: using simulation to improve understanding of a.Structural systems b.Geotechnical systems, c.Natural disasters like tsunamis.

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

 for engineering design: use of computational simulation to make predictive (and probabilistic) estimates of performance as a basis for design decisions. - Advanced computational simulation to include the nonlinear behavior and realistic failure modes of structures and soil systems.

The two uses, research and design applications, should not be decoupled, because the research needs to drive the practice, but the practice needs to inform the research.
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Overview of the application

This service provides tool for modeling, analysis , pre and post processing using the same single tool. For analysis we are using OpenSees which is already ported on Garuda, is a freeware and is worldwide accepted framework to simulate the performance of structural and geotechnical systems subjected to earthquakes. OpenSees required input data file in the form of tcl script which can be generated using modeling software called GID and by incorporating various problem types into it. Also GID can be used for postprocessing the results. It is a Licensed software. In this way Modeling and analysis of any complicated structures becomes very easy and user friendly
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About NeesGrid
NEESgrid was developed by collaborators from a broad spectrum of engineering departments, national science centers, laboratories, and private sector partners.
NEESgrid links earthquake researchers across the U.S. with leading-edge computing resources and research equipment, allowing collaborative teams (including remote participants) to plan, perform, and publish their experiments. NEESgrid allows earthquake researchers to integrate physical experimentation and model-based simulation, computational analysis, and improved testing and validation of increasingly complex and comprehensive analytical and numerical models.

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Why OpenSees
The development and application of OpenSees is sponsored by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Centre through the National Science Foundation engineering and education centers program OpenSees has been selected as the simulation component for the George E. Brown, Jr Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation and has being sponsored by NEESit since 2004 OpenSees development team includes various well known personalities in the field of Earthquake engineering ( eg Dr. Silvia Mazzoni, Dr. Frank McKenna, Dr. Jinchi Lu and many more ) from various Universities like University of California, Berkeley , University of California, Davis , Stanford University . http://opensees.berkeley.edu/projects.php .. This page contains links to other projects that are using OpenSees.

PEER Testbeds Van Nuys Building I-880 Viaduct Humboldt Bay Bridge UC Science Building

Geotechnical University of Washington University of California, Davis University of California, San Diego Structural Reliability and Sensitivity Analysis University of California, Berkeley University of California, San Diego

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Why OpenSees .. contd

OpenSees is an object-oriented software framework for creating nonlinear finite element applications. The framework provides classes for - modeling - to perform nonlinear analysis on the model - and classes to monitor the response of the model during the analysis.

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Problems That can be solved using OpenSees Static Problems Deformation analyses (1D, 2D, or 3D) Consolidation problems Soil-structure interaction problems Shallow foundations (e.g. bearing capacity, deformation) Pile foundations (e.g. vertical and lateral capacity) Dynamic (earthquake problems) Free-field analysis Liquefaction-induced problems Soil structure interaction problems (e.g. response of pile foundations, bridge bents, or complete structures embedded in soils to earthquake excitations)
7-17 Feb 2011 Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Purpose behind OpenSees on grid

Research and practice is moving towards Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering. Providing software and services that enable earthquake engineers to: organize and share data, participate in remote experiments, and perform hybrid simulations
Networking / Data Communication High Performance Computing Internet / Web technologies

Solutions / Software developments

Local language Support

Training Multimedia Data warehousing

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Large-Scale Structural and Geotechnical Simulations for e.g - Simulation of Bridge, Multi-Storied Building etc Education and training of academics and industry in: Structural and geotechnical mechanics and modeling Advanced computing and simulation Most Important point is .. For using high-performance computing (HPC) resources in the field of Earthquake Engineering to support event-driven science, and for those situations when its most needed.

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Computing & Data Requirements

Middleware Globus GridFTP PETSC libraries Tcl-tk libraries Reliable File transfer tools Globus replica location service Data replication service Software to manage VO users and their privileges Grid portal for submitting multiple MPI jobs User Requirement 1. Access to Grid Garuda portal. One PC with Network Connection Visualization tools if required

2.

3.

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Deliverables of OpenSees On Grid Garuda

To make OpenSees grid enabled To develop user friendly UI /Interface or web portal for OpenSees so that users can directly submit their jobs using this tool. To demonstrate various test examples on OpenSees and make it available on portal, which will help user for clear understanding of the service. Also the above mentioned test examples will vary from simple small scale problems to the problems which deals with large complex data which will clearly illustrate the capability of the system opensees + Grid

OpenSees input file format is tcl. A program or tool which will convert almost all available input data/format to the OpenSees format will be made available with OpenSees
Tool for visualization of analysis results i.e. for postprocessing.

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About Grid- Garuda

http://www.garudaindia.in/

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http://203.200.36.236/GridPortal1.3/ -- Internet

http://192.168.60.40/GridPortal1.3/ - Garuda Network

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Login to Grid Garuda Job Submission Portal

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Grid Garuda Job Submission Portal

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

AGSG [Automatic Grid Service Generator]

Introduction :

The Automatic Grid Service Generator (AGSG) is a web tool to automatically generate Grid services. This tool can convert an existing application or executable file(s) as a Grid Service(s).
It is useful for application developers or programmers who wish to deploy their application components as Services on the grid.

AGSG Features: The Automatic Grid Service Generator tool can generate Grid services from already existing executable files.

It frees the user from the complexity involved in making a grid service .
It is a Web Based tool User Friendly GUI.

URL of the Service : http://203.200.36.236/AGSG

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

URL of the Client :

http://203.200.36.236/AGSGClient

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Basic Commands
gwps to see the current status of the submitted jobs[by all users]

gwhost to check the availability of host

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Viewing the job log

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Examples
OpenSees Sequential version is available across all grid location. Users can submit their jobs through command line from gridfs as well as through Xeon
Example Problem

Two examples are mentioned for reference . First one broadly focuses on the usability of OpenSees and the second one focuses on the capability of grid. 1. Solid-fluid fully coupled (u-p) 20-8 noded brick element: saturated soil element with pressure dependent material, subjected to 1D sinusoidal base shaking model BasicBuilder -ndm 3 -ndf 4 integrator Newmark $nw $nw2 analysis Transient time history analysis

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 create dynamic time history analysis - pattern UniformExcitation analysis VariableTransient Records as - eval "recorder Node -file disp -time -node $SnodeList dof 1 2 3 -dT $dT disp" Records as - recorder Element -ele 1 -time -file strain17 -dT $dT material 17 strain
Sample *.jt file

EXECUTABLE = OpenSees INPUT_FILES = 208UP.tcl OUTPUT_FILES = output.tar ARGUMENTS = 208UP.tcl REQUIREMENTS=HOSTNAME="xn00.npsf.cdac.ernet.in

Execution time : 40 sec.

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Lateral acceleration at the top of the element

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Example Problem
2. Bridge Example A two-dimensional nonlinear model of the Bridge, including the superstructure, piers, and supporting piles was developed using OpenSees The bridge piers are modeled using 2-D nonlinear material, fiber beamcolumn elements formulated using the flexibility approach based on the exact interpolation of the internal forces The column cross-section is discredited into concrete and steel fibers. A sinusoidal incident wave is applied at the base through a set of nodal equivalent forces. Hollow High Pier 3 Nos. Reinforced concrete bridge with 30m tall pier Length of Deck slab 40 m Foundation 1 m in length No of spans 3 Nonlinear beam-column elements Perform the transient analysis

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Create the convergence test, the norm of the residual with a tolerance of 1e-12 and a max number of iterations of 10 test EnergyIncr 1.0e-12 15 0 Create the solution algorithm, a Newton-Raphson algorithm algorithm Newton Create the integration scheme, Newmark with gamma = 0.5 and beta = 0.25 integrator Newmark 0.5 0.25 Create the system of equation, a banded general storage scheme system UmfPack Create the constraint handler, a plain handler as homogeneous boundary conditions constraints Transformation Create the DOF numberer, the reverse Cuthill-McKee algorithm numberer RCM Create the analysis object analysis Transient Define materials for nonlinear columns CONCRETE tag f'c ec0 f'cu ecu Core concrete (confined)
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Fem meshing of 2-D bridge

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Results
Plot of Frequency Vs Time .

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Load-Displacement Curve

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

Concluding Remarks
Very useful for developing the data needed to eliminate testing and replace it with simulation for earthquake engineering research and practice. The significance of the present work is to create the awareness among the researchers, academicians and structural consultants regarding the simulation of Structural and Geotechnical systems subjected to earthquakes. OpenSees is intended to serve as the computational platform for research in performance-based earthquake engineering. Will help in advances in computational simulation for earthquake engineering and will have trans-formative effects on engineering design, operations and maintenance of structures, and regional planning for disasters (natural and others) and mitigation of disasters. This study will improve design and allow optimization, including design for target system reliability. This research has direct benefits in terms of security, physical protection, and systematic planning for disasters.

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Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting

THANK YOU

ANY QUESTIONS ?

7-17 Feb 2011

Asia 2 2011 - Joint CHAIN/EU-IndiaGrid2/EPIKH School for Application Porting