INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COURSE

GAS TURBINE CONTROL & PROTECTION

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Modes of control
Speed Load

control - controlling of the gas turbine

speed during start-up

control - controlling of the gas turbine control - controlling of the gas

load after synchronised

Temperature

turbine load when exhaust temperature exceeds the preset value. This is to avoid against high gas inlet temperature so as to protect turbine metal
Block diagram

CONTROL & PROTECTION

+ FCV
SPEED SIGNAL (SET)

SPEED SIGNAL (ACTUAL)

GAS OUTLET AIR INLET

COMBUSTOR

G
COMPRESSOR TURBINE GENERATOR

SPEED CONTROL

CONTROL & PROTECTION

+ FCV
LOAD SIGNAL (SET)

LOAD SIGNAL (ACTUAL)

GAS OUTLET AIR INLET

COMBUSTOR

G
COMPRESSOR TURBINE GENERATOR

LOAD CONTROL

CONTROL & PROTECTION

+ FCV
TEMP SIGNAL (SET)

TEMP SIGNAL (ACTUAL)

GAS OUTLET AIR INLET

COMBUSTOR

G
COMPRESSOR TURBINE GENERATOR

TEMPERATURE CONTROL

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Frequency/Speed Control Speed Governor - is a device that detects
turbine speed and uses it as a speed signal to control frequency/speed
Mechanical

governor - uses flyweights as

the speed detector

Hydraulic

governor - uses oil as the speed governor - uses electronic signal

detector
Electrical

as the speed detector

CONTROL & PROTECTION

SPRING WEIGHT
MOVABLE SLEEVE

WEIGHT

G
DRAIN OIL SUPPLY DRAIN PILOT VALVE STEAM GOVERNOR VALVE SERVO MOTOR

MECHANICAL SPEED GOVERNOR

CONTROL & PROTECTION

GOVERNOR IMPELLER PUMP

AIR INLET

GAS OUTLET

HYDRAULIC CONTROLLER G DRAIN OIL SUPPLY SERVO MOTOR DRAIN

PILOT VALVE
FUEL FUEL CONTROL VALVE

HYDRAULIC SPEED

CONTROL & PROTECTION

PMG

SPEED CONTROLLER CIRCUIT

AIR INLET

GAS OUTLET

G DRAIN OIL SUPPLY SERVO MOTOR DRAIN

PILOT VALVE
FUEL FUEL CONTROL VALVE

ELECTRICAL SPEED GOVERNOR

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Emergency protection devices
Over speed Vibration Eccentricity Thrust wear Bearing oil pressure Over temperature Loss of flame Compressor surge

Trigger the tripping system & trip the turbine

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Emergency protection devices Over speed - either a mechanical over speed
governor or electrical over speed governor is used to monitor the speed and if the speed is very high it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

Vibration - electronic vibration detector is used to

monitor turbine vibration and if vibration is very high it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Emergency protection devices Eccentricity - electronic eccentricity detector is
used to monitor straightness of the turbine shaft and if eccentricity is very high it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

Thrust wear - thrust bearing/collar is used to

monitor shaft axial movement and if the movement is too much it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Emergency protection devices Bearing oil pressure - oil pressure detector is
used to monitor bearing oil pressure and if the pressure is very low it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

Over temperature - thermoprobes are installed

to register exhaust gas temperature and used to calculate turbine inlet temperature and if the temperature is too high it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

CONTROL & PROTECTION

Emergency protection devices Loss of flame - flame detector/scanner is used
to monitor the flames and if there is no flame or a very bad flame condition occurs it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

Compressor

surge

either

pressure/flow/vibration or back flow detector is used to monitor compressor surging and if surging is very high it will trigger the tripping oil system and trip the turbine

THRUST BRG TRIP SOLENOID TRIP

TRIP VALVE
LOW BEARING OIL PRESS TRIP

TRIPPING OIL SYSTEM

DRAIN

DRAIN

PROTECTIVE DEVICES