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Where it is crossed by
the Left bronchus
Thoracic
Upper thoracic:
– from tracheal
bifurcation midway
to gastroesophageal
junction
Segments
Lower thoracic
– from midway
between tracheal
bifurcation and
gastroesophageal
junction to GE
junction, including
abdominal
esophagus
Segments
Upper third
Middle third
Lower third
Relations in the Neck
Anterior:
Trachea , Recurrent
laryngeal nerves
Posterior:
Prevertebral layer of
deep cervical fascia,
Longus colli, Vertebral
column
Lateral: Thyroid
gland
Relations in the Thorax
Anterior: Trachea,
Left recurrent LN, Left
main bronchus,
Pericardium
Posterior: Bodies of the
Thoracic vertebrae,
Thoracic duct, Azygous
veins, Right Posterior
intercostal Art, Descending
Thoracic Aorta
R side: Mediastinal
pleura, Azygous vein
L side: L Subclavian Art.,
Aortic arch, Thoracic duct,
Mediastinal pleura
Relations in the Abdomen
Anterior: Posterior
surface of the left lobe
of liver
Middlethird – Descending
thoracic aorta
Descending
Thoracic aorta –
esophageal
branch
Left gastric
Venous Drainage:
Upper third – Inferior thyroid
vein
Azygous vein
Left Gastric
Lymphatic Drainage
Left gastric lymph
nodes
Nerve Supply
Vagal trunks
Thoracic
sympathetic trunks
Greater and lesser
splanchnic nerves
Salivary Glands
Salivary Glands
Parotid gland
Stensen’s duct
Submandibular
gland
Wharton’s duct
Sublingual gland
- Bartholin’s duct
- Duct of Rivinus
Parotid gland is
located below
and in front of
the external
auditory meatus
and also lies
behind the ramus
of the mandible
Largest of the major salivary gland
Parotid sheath- dense capsule of the
parotid gland derived from investing
layer of deep cervical fascia
Roughly wedge shape with its apex
towards the angle of mandible
Purely serous gland
Divided into superficial and deep lobes
by the facial nerve.
Stensen’s duct
Passes forward
over the lateral
surface of
masseter – turns
medially and
pierces the
buccinator – opens
into the vestibule
of the mouth
opposite the upper
2nd molar tooth
Structures within the Parotid
GlandFacial Nerve
Retromandibular vein-
union of maxillary and
superficial temporal
veins
Arranged from
superficial to deepest
Terminal branches of Facial
nerve from Parotid Plexus
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
Blood Supply and Drainage:
External carotid artery and branches
shall
reap….
if we don’t lose
heart”.
QUIZ
SET A SET B
1. Esophagus is 1. Esophagus
continuous enters the
above with the esophageal
laryngeal part of opening of the
the pharynx diaphragm
opposite about opposite what
what level of level of thoracic
cervical vertebra?
vertebra?
Set A Set B
8. What CN is 8. What CN is
secretomotor to secretomotor to
the Parotid the
gland? Submandibular
gland?
Set A Set B