JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

PAKARAB FERTILIZERS LTD

Prepared by Fahad Ishfaq

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Understand the purpose & Scope of JSA. Understand its benefits. Know the developmental process. Determine when to develop a JSA. Identify responsibilities.

PURPOSE OF JSA
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is the most important tool of a successful safety program. JSA identifies work site hazards and determines how to mitigate or eliminate the hazard from the assigned work task.

JSA forces employees to place their mind on safety and the assigned work task. It is the last task performed prior to commencing the physical activity of the work task. A JSA attempts to incorporate Safe Behavior into the normal operating procedures.

SCOPE OF JSA
New Jobs. Jobs complex enough to require written instructions. History of Disabling Injuries. Frequency of Accidents.

BENEFITS OF JSA
Injury reduction. Training of new employees. Accident investigation tool. Increases employee hazard recognition, awareness and communication. Identifies appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Allows formal documentation of employees knowledge of the job requirements. Increases productivity and morale.

DEFINITION OF JSA
A systematic method of Identifying hazards & control

measures to safely perform a

specific task.

DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Conducting Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Survey the job site conditions. Break down the job into steps. Identify hazards. Develop safety measures or controls.

Survey The Job Site Conditions

Slip, trip & fall hazards. Illumination. Work at elevations. Airborne contaminants. PPE requirements. Moving machinery. Noise. Chemicals. Electricity. Confined spaces. Material handling

Breakdown Job Into Steps

Order of occurrence. Avoid too much detail. Avoid generalizing or combining steps.

Identify The Hazards

List all possible hazards for each step. Do not omit possible hazards by rationalizing probability.

Develop Controls
Engineering controls Administrative controls

Work Practices Personal Protective Equipment

Engineering Controls
Engineering controls eliminate exposure to the hazard by: Isolating the hazard from the employee. Improving (redesign) work area layout. Substituting less hazardous product. Modifying equipment.

Administrative Controls
Administrative controls reduce employee exposure to a hazard by: Reducing the frequency of performing the hazardous task. Rotating employees to reduce exposure time. Training employees to recognize hazards and employ safety practices.

Work Practices
Work practice controls include:

Workplace rules
Safe & healthful work practices

Personal hygiene
Housekeeping and maintenance Procedures for specific operations

Personal Protective Equipment

OSHA requires employers to provide PPE to reduce employee exposure to hazards when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective

PPE alone should not be relied on to protect against hazards; other uses include guards, engineering controls, and sound manufacturing practices.

Breaking Down the Job

List each job step in order of occurrence Describe each action Examine each step for hazards Conduct a what if scenario for each step
(1) Job/Tasks for Today Check work being performed: Line and Antennas Other: Please describe: Tower Erection Civil/Concrete Electrical

Job/Tasks

Potential Hazards

Preventive Measures

Task Breakdown

List the Hazards

Preventive Measures

Case Study
Job Safety Analysis Changing a Flat Tire on an Automobile

Key Steps (TOO MANY) Changing a Flat Tire

Pull off road Put car in park Set brake Activate emergency flashers Open door Get out of car Walk to trunk Put key in lock Open trunk Remove jack Remove Spare tire

Key Steps (NOT ENOUGH) Changing a Flat Tire

Park car Take off flat tire

Put on spare tire

Drive away

Key Job Steps (JUST RIGHT) Changing a Flat tire

Park car, set brake Remove jack & tire from trunk Loosen lug nuts Jack up car Remove tire Set new tire Jack down car Tighten lug nuts Store tire & jack

Hazards
Parking Car Struck by Traffic Removing tire & jack Back Strain bang head on trunk Loosen lug nuts back/arm strain slip & fall Jacking up car car could fall off jack Setting new tire fingers pinched back strain Tighten nuts back strain slip & fall

Identify Hazards and Potential Accidents

Search for Hazards
Produced by Work Produced by Environment

Repeat job observation as many times as necessary to identify all hazards

Develop Solutions
Find a new way to do the job. Change physical conditions that create hazards. Change the work procedure. Reduce frequency.

REVIEW JSA...
During an accident/incident investigation process Prior to conducting training When work processes are changed or modified

JSA

JSA PROCEDURE SUMMARY

STEP 1: Select the job STEP 2: Perform the Analysis STEP 3: IDENTIFY HAZARDS STEP 4: DEVELOP SOLUTIONS STEP 5: Conduct a Follow-up Analysis STEP 6: Use of the Job Safety Analysis STEP 7: Recordkeeping

SAMPLE JSA-1

Break Job Down into Steps

Simple task of hooking a tractor to a Feeder wagon

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

First drive tractor to feeder

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

Block Wheels to prevent movement

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

Back tractor wagon

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

Back to hitch Raise or lower hitch

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

Move tractor until hitch is lined up and pin is connected

Hitching Tractor to Feeder

Connect the shaft

JSA Potential Hazards

Run over foot.

JSA Potential Hazards

Hitch doesnt line up Potential move wagon or sudden jerk cause injury to bystander

JSA Potential Hazards

Hitch fall off jack if not raised to proper height Hard to lift hitch Possible back injury

JSA Potential Hazards

By stander get run over Hit object Hit feed wagon

Job Safety Analysis

Task / Activity / Event Block wheels of feed wagon Back tractor to hitch Raise/lower hitch To match drawbar Potential Hazards Roll on incline Strike wagon or helper Tipping or folding of jack Recommended Action or Procedure Check for slope ahead and behind wheel-use stable block Have helper stand to side, indicating distance during backing Have jack stand supported by plank, make sure jack is locked

Job Safety Analysis

Task / Activity / Event Park tractor to hitch location. Turn off engine Insert and lock pin Attach power take off drive line Potential Hazards Recommended Action or Procedure

Roll on incline Check for slope ahead and behind wheel-use stable block

Pinch finger Loss of wagon in tow Back strain foot or finger injury if dropped

Use palm to insert pin Use pins with locking device, safety chains Stand close as possible to drive line. Grip w/both hands depress lock pin attach release pin, test

SAMPLE JSA-2 Hazards and Controls

Job Location: Mech. Workshop Analyst: ABC Date:

Task Description: Worker reaches into metal box to the right of the
machine, grasps a 15-pound casting and carries it to grinding wheel. Worker grinds 20 to 30 castings per hour. Hazard Description: Picking up a casting, the employee could drop it onto his foot. The casting's weight and height could seriously injure the worker's foot or toes.

Hazard Controls:
1. Remove castings from the box and place them on a table next to the grinder. 2. Wear steel-toe shoes with arch protection. 3. Change protective gloves that allow a better grip. 4. Use a device to pick up castings.

SAMPLE JSA-2 Hazards and Controls

Task Description: Worker reaches into metal box to the right of the machine, grasps a 15-pound casting and carries it to grinding wheel. Worker grinds 20 to 30 castings per hour. Hazard Description: Castings have sharp edges that can cause severe lacerations. Hazard Controls:
1. Use a device such as a clamp to pick up castings. 2. Wear cut-resistant gloves that allow a good grip and fit tightly to minimize the chance that they will get caught in grinding wheel.

SAMPLE JSA-2 Hazards and Controls

Task Description: Worker reaches into metal box to the right of the machine, grasps a 15-pound casting and carries it to grinding wheel. Worker grinds 20 to 30 castings per hour. Hazard Description: Reaching, twisting, and lifting 15-pound castings from the floor could result in a muscle strain to the lower back. Hazard Controls:
1. Move castings from the ground and place them closer to the work zone to minimize lifting. Ideally, place them at waist height or on an adjustable platform. 2. Train workers not to twist while lifting and reconfigure work stations to minimize twisting during lifts.

Participants in the JSA Process

Who is involved in the JSA process?
Supervisors Employees All affected personnel Competent Persons

Completed prior to the start of any job/work task and discussed with personnel completing the work and personnel in the work area

THANK YOU