GPON: The Standard for PON Deployment and Service Evolution

Ron Hartkemeyer Director Support Services Optical Solutions

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About Optical Solutions

Industry Leader

More Than 203 Fiber Powered Communities More Than 55,000 Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) Deployed Shipping More Than 4,000 GPON ONTs Per Month 1st ITU Compliant GPON Product (Shipping Since 2003) 1st IPTV Over PON Deployment in Nation (IPTV Since 2002) More Than 90% of the PON IPTV Installs in the World Active Member and Editor of FSAN Standards Committee One of Three Founders of FTTH Council and Presently on the Board of Directors Significant Patent Portfolio in FTTP Technology
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US Optical Fiber Communities

FTTH Council Publication May 10th , 2005

225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0

Te Al le lie sy d m En tr is ph er e M ot or ol a Al ca te l Al lO pt ic s io ns B W av e7 Pa x ut io le B Te l P/ Ea g O th TB D la b er
October, 2003 May, 2004 October, 2004 May, 2005

225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0

pt ic al

So l

OSI Deployed in 51% or 203 of 398 communities

US Optical Fiber Communities excluding RBOC deployments

FTTH Council Publication May 10th , 2005

225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0

Te Al le lie sy d m En tr is ph er e M ot or ol a Al ca te l Al lO pt ic s Pa pt xi o ica lS ol ut io ns B W av e7 Ot he r le B la b Te l P/ Ea g TB D
October, 2003 May, 2004 October, 2004 May, 2005

225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0

Excluding RBOC deployments OSI Deployed in 61% or 203 of 333 communities

Standards Based PON Protocols

Standards Bodies That Have Specified PON Protocols

International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T)

Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Three Fully Ratified PON Protocol Standards Exist

ITU-T Ratified BPON (G.983) & GPON (G.984) IEEE Ratified EPON (802.3ah)

Non Compliant PONs are Proprietary

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Major Members Of Full Service Access Network (FSAN)

FSAN Recommends Standards to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU)

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FiberPath GPON Network

GPON = 25 dB/20km/12.4 Miles
Optical Line Terminals (ONTs)

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Drivers for GPON

Correction of BPON Limitations

Higher Speeds Scalable to still higher speeds with the on-going decreases in optics costs

Recognition of IP Networking

Evolution From ATM to Pure IP Transport

Platform for All Services Delivery

Video - IPTV or RF Voice - TDM or VoIP Data

Platform Designed for Interoperability and lower operations costs

Standards driven interoperability No Active Powering Points in the access Network

(FSAN committee has been working on GPON since mid 2001)

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GPON Status and Time Line

G.984.1 Service Requirements Transport speeds and feeds, tolerances and delays, etc Ratified by ITU-T in 01/03 G.984.2 PMD Physical Media Dependent Layer Link budgets by class, split ratios, etc
Class B ODN 10dB min to 25 dB Max loss

Ratified by ITU-T on 01/03 G.984.3 TC - Transmission Convergence Layer Transport Protocol Layer 1/04 : ITU-T Approved G.984.4 OMCI ONT Management and Control Interface This specification lays the groundwork for interoperability. 1/05: ITU-T Approval (expected in Q4 2005)

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GPON Additions in Work

IPTV over GPON

First Specification for standardizing IPTV service delivery mechanisms and requirements
Establish QoS for TDM traffic in a GEM only Mode

TDM over a GEM only Transport

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FSAN PON bit rates

G.983 BPON framing Upstream 155 Mbps 622 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.4 Gbps Downstream 155 Mbps 622 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.4 Gbps G.984 GPON framing Upstream 155 Mbps 622 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.4 Gbps Downstream 155 Mbps 622 Mbps 1.2 Gbps 2.4 Gbps

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ITU-T G.984.2 Physical Media Dependent Layer

8.2.1 Digital Signal Nominal Bit Rate
Transmission Line Rate = Multiple of 8 kHz Nominal Line Rates Downstream = 1244.16 Mbit/s Upstream = 622.08 Mbit/s

8.2.2.1 Transmission Medium

ITU-T G.652 Single Mode Fiber

8.2.5 Operating Wavelength

Downstream Wavelength on Single Fiber=14801500 nm (FP500 is 1490nm) Upstream Wavelength = 1260 1360 nm (FP500 is 1310)

8.2.7.1 Attenuation Range

CLASS B = 25 dB

Table 4-a, Item 7 Maximum Fiber Distance Between S/R & R/S Points
Maximum Fiber Distance Between OLT and ONU 20km/12.4 miles

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ITU-T G.984.2 Physical Media Dependent Layer

8.2.1 Digital Signal Nominal Bit Rate:

Transmission Line Rate = Multiple of 8 kHz Nominal Line Rates Downstream/Upstream = 1244.16 Mbit/s / 622.08 Mbit/s
8.2.2.1 Transmission Medium:

ITU-T G.652 Single Mode Fibre

8.2.5 Operating Wavelength:

Downstream Wavelength Range on Single Fibre Systems = 1480 1500 nm (FP-500 = 1490 nm) Upstream Wavelength Range = 1260 1360 nm (FP-500 = 1310 nm)
8.2.7.1 Attenuation Range:

CLASS B = 25 dBm
Table 4-a Item #7 Maximum Fibre Distance Between S/R & R/S Points:

Maximum Fibre Distance Between OLT & ONU = 20 km/ 12.4 mi (60km Logical Reach)

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ITU-T G.984.3 Transmission Convergence Layer

5.3 Multiplexing Architecture
Two Multiplexing Mechanisms: ATM and GEM (GPON Encapsulation Mode) Frame can be Mix of ATM or GEM GEM = 10% More Efficient than BPON in Carrying IP Traffic GPON Does not Require 8b/10b Ethernet Encoding Requirement of EPON GPON = 20% More Efficient than EPON in Carrying IP Traffic

8.1 Downstream Frame Structure

125 Micro-seconds in Length = 8 kHz = Clocking Implicit in Frame

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Forward Looking GPON Standards

GPON Rated to 2.4 Gigabit Symmetrical GPON Byte Burst Overhead Increases w/Upstream Speed

BPON Effectively Limited to 155 Mbps upstream BPON Fixed 3 Byte Burst Overhead Turn on times less than 50 ns are high cost
250 200

or
nano seconds
150

BPON

GPON

100

50

1 155

2 622

3 1.2

4 2.4

Upstream Rate

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GPON Voice Migration of Telephony Networks

GR-303 DS1s

TDM/GR-303 Voice Network

Ethernet

IAD
POTS Ethernet

DS1s used for GR-303 Interface @ OLT VoIP overlay with IAD (Integrated Access Device) IAD is stand-a-lone (inside premises) IAD has Ethernet and POTS interface

GR-303 DS1s
Voice Gateway Ethernet

TDM/GR-303 with VoIP Voice Network

Ethernet

IAD POTS

Ethernet

DS1s used for GR-303 interface @ OLT Voice Gateway used to convert calls to VoIP OLT Ethernet interface used for VoIP IAD function is performed by ONT

Ethernet IAD POTS Ethernet

VoIP Voice Network

Ethernet interface at OLT used for all voice services

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Standards Speeds and Feeds

Standard
Proprietary EPON

Status
Designed by manufacturer Approved 2004

Official Standards body

None IEEE

Key parameters
Varies by manufacture 1.2 Gigabits/sec downstream 1.2 Gigabits/sec upstream 16 way split 10 km reach

Comments
Dead end system Ethernet in first mile implementation

BPON

Approved 2001 (APON version approved 1998)

ITU

622 Mb/s downstream 155 Mb/s upstream RF Video overlay 16 and 32 way split 20/10 km reach
1.24 or 2.4 Gigabits/sec downstream 622 Mb/sec up to 2.4 Gigabits/sec upstream Optional RF video overlay Up to 64 way split 20 km reach

Strictly an ATMbased protocol (APON) with an RF overlay for video delivery

Protocol designed for IP traffic. GPON took the best of EPON and BPON in the development of the standard

GPON

Approved April 2003

ITU

Standards Comparison
ITU (GPON) Mission/Objective Attendees Committee Operating Protocol Full Service Access Network (FSAN) Service Provider focused Carriers drive and approve vendors technical recommendations Specified 2.4 Gb/s Greater than 90% 25 dB Specified Specified Specified IEEE (P-P & EPON) Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) Enterprise and consumer market focused One person- One vote

Wavelengths Maximum PON Speeds Bandwidth efficiency Attenuation Range QoS Network synchronization Security

Specified 1.25 Gb/s Less than 75% 24 dB Left to vendor Left to vendor Left to vendor

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GPON Reach Advantage over EFM

Shorter Link Budgets

GPON = 20km

Limited Design Options

GPON = 40 km REACH

EFM = 10km

More Actives In OSP

Increased Op Ex $
Less Reliable
EFM = 20km REACH

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Standards Comparison
1400

PON burst OH 1200

1000

scheduling OH : frame delineation scheduling OH : PHY burst OH scheduling OH : control messages payload encapulation OH line coding payload

Line Coding OH
M b/ s

800 600 400 200 0 EPON GPON BPON

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G.983 (BPON) vs G.984 (GPON)

BPON supports only ATM cells GPON supports both ATM and GEM

Generic Encapsulation Mode (GEM) Eliminated 8b/10b requirement 20% more efficient than EPON in carrying IP 5-10% more efficient then BPON Long term benefits towards lower cost equipment Support of packet fragmentation Can choose solution that delivers lowest cost over time. Clear migration path to an all IP network

GPON GEM efficiency

Benefits:

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PON Standards - Summary

GPON (G.984) improvements over BPON (G.983) Efficiency: dual mode support of ATM as well as Ethernet frames Scalability: more economical means of achieving high speeds Lower costs because of relax timing requirements and common optics with EPON Supports TDM and Ethernet Interfaces at the OLT GPON Values Similar Cost points to BPON Architecture/Platform that will migrate with the operator, without requiring forklift upgrades Standards driven for interoperability
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Summary

PON Protocol Standards Matter

Reliability & Availability Mass Adoption/ Lower Costs/ Greater Flexibility

ITU Is The Dominant Standard

GPON is the dominant PON protocol standard

SBC, BellSouth, Bell Canada, Verizon, International PTTs Most Bandwidth = Most Revenue Potential

Flexible & Cost Effective Transition to All IP Network

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