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Subsea production systems are used to process oil and gas from fields located far from host facilities or shore. This allows for increased recovery factors, improved flowrates, and potential cost savings over conventional alternatives. Subsea processing includes boosting pressure, separating fluids and solids, heat exchange, gas treatment, and chemical injection to mitigate flow assurance issues before fluids reach platforms or onshore. Key subsea equipment includes trees, manifolds, jumpers, wellheads, pumps, separators, compressors and umbilicals used to transmit control fluids and power. Subsea separation systems in particular provide compact two- or three-phase separation of wellstream fluids to increase production and reservoir recovery while improving flow assurance and debottlenecking of flow
Subsea production systems are used to process oil and gas from fields located far from host facilities or shore. This allows for increased recovery factors, improved flowrates, and potential cost savings over conventional alternatives. Subsea processing includes boosting pressure, separating fluids and solids, heat exchange, gas treatment, and chemical injection to mitigate flow assurance issues before fluids reach platforms or onshore. Key subsea equipment includes trees, manifolds, jumpers, wellheads, pumps, separators, compressors and umbilicals used to transmit control fluids and power. Subsea separation systems in particular provide compact two- or three-phase separation of wellstream fluids to increase production and reservoir recovery while improving flow assurance and debottlenecking of flow
Subsea production systems are used to process oil and gas from fields located far from host facilities or shore. This allows for increased recovery factors, improved flowrates, and potential cost savings over conventional alternatives. Subsea processing includes boosting pressure, separating fluids and solids, heat exchange, gas treatment, and chemical injection to mitigate flow assurance issues before fluids reach platforms or onshore. Key subsea equipment includes trees, manifolds, jumpers, wellheads, pumps, separators, compressors and umbilicals used to transmit control fluids and power. Subsea separation systems in particular provide compact two- or three-phase separation of wellstream fluids to increase production and reservoir recovery while improving flow assurance and debottlenecking of flow
Why Do We Need Subsea Processing? Oil & gas fields being discovered in deeper, more remote places Fields further away from host facilities or shore Increased recovery factors Improved flowrates Improved flow assurance Potential cost savings over use of conventional technology, second pipeline Improved project economics PROCESSING Subsea processing can be defined as any handling and treatment of the produced fluids for mitigating flow assurance issue prior to reaching the platform or onshore. This includes boosting, separation, solids management, heat exchanging, gas treatment and chemical injection. Boosting system, mainly consisting of various pumps fitted for the fluid to be transported. It is a system used for increasing pressure in flow pipes on order to enhance flow capacity. Separation is consisting of a bulk separator tailored for subsea use. It is a system designed for separation fluid and gas from a multi-phase fluid. There are two major types of separation, two phase separation to split gas and liquid and three phase separation splitting oil, gas and water. Chemical injection some of the chemicals used is corrosion inhibitors, workover /packer fluids hydrate and paraffin inhibitors, defamers, solvents glycol, and diesel. These chemicals are typically used for batch treatments; small-volume continues injections, and remedial treatments such as workover operations Subsea Tree Subsea Control Module Valves & Chokes Temperature Sensors Pressure Sensors Sand Detectors Corrosion Monitors Subsea Electronics Module (SEM) UMBILICAL SYSTEMS It is a bundled arrangement of tubing, piping, and electrical conductors in an armored sheath that is installed form the host facility to the subsea production system equipment an umbilical is used to transmit the control fluid san electrical current necessary to control the functions of the subsea production and safety equipment (tree, Valves, manifold,ect) dedicated tubes in an umbilical are used to monitor pressure and inject fluids ( Chemicals such as methanol ) from the host facility to critical areas within the subsea production equipment. Electrical conductors transmit power to operate subsea electronic devices
Application: Integrated flowline, control umbilical and power cable Advantages: Simplified subsea architecture Cheaper faster installation Can be used as production flowline or service line Trace heating and monitoring Disadvantages installation vessel size jointing of super duplex offshore INTEGRATED PRODUCTION UMBILICAL MANIFOLD The manifold is an arrangement of piping and valves designed to combine, distribute, control, and often monitor fluid flow. A subsea manifold collects flow from multiple wells before transporting the fluid to host facility. Subsea manifolds are installed on the seabed within an array of wells to gather production or to inject water or gas into wells
Jumpers It is a short pipe connector that is used to transport production fluid between two subsea components for example, a tree and manifold and anther manifold
Subsea wellheads
Wellhead is general term used to describe the pressure- containing component at the surface of an oil well that provides the interface for drilling, completion, and testing of all subsea operation phases the primary purpose of wellhead is provide the suspension point and pressure seals for casing strings that run from the bottom of the hole sections to the surface pressure control equipment
SUBSEA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT MULTI PHASE PUMP Application: Well stream energy enhancement Advantages: Drawdown of wellhead pressure Increased production rates Increase reservoir recovery Increased tie-back distance Separated liquids evacuation INJECTION PUMP Application Water injection pressure boosting Advantages: Increased injection rates Increased tie-back distance Ability to inject produced water or sea water subsea SUBSEA GAS COMPRESSOR Application: Subsea gas compression Advantages: Drawdown of wellhead pressure Increased production rates Increase reservoir recovery Increased tie-back distance Separated gas evacuation High tolerance for liquid droplets COMPACT SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY Application: Compact gas, oil and water 2 or 3 phase separation Advantages: Small size and weight SUBSEA SEPARATION SYSTEM Gas Compressor Separator Water Injection Trees Oil and Gas Export Lines Power and Control Umbilicals Subsea Production Trees Booster Pump Separation System functionality 2 or 3 phase separation of wellstream Increase production Increase reservoir recovery Improve flow assurance Debottleneck flowlines, riser and topside systems. Re-inject produced water