Comp4 Unit4a Lecture Slides

Introduction to Information and
Computer Science
Computer Software
Lecture a
This material (Comp4_Unit4a) was developed by OHSU, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of
the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015.
Computer Software
Learning Objectives
Define application vs. system software. (Lecture a)
Give examples of application software focusing on
healthcare systems. (Lecture a)
Describe the functions of system software. (Lecture b)
List different types of operating systems. (Lecture b)
Explain the purpose and usage of file systems.
(Lecture c)

Health IT Workforce Curriculum
Version 3.0/Spring 2012
2
Introduction to Information and Computer Science
Computer Software
Lecture a
Software
Collection of programs and data that tell
the computer what to do
Made up of instructions
Allows users to interact with the computer
Two types of software
Application
System
3
Computer Software
Lecture a
Application Software
Available in different forms
Packaged
Custom
Web application
Open source
Shareware
Freeware
Public domain software
4
Computer Software
Lecture a
Application Software Categories
Business
Science and Mathematics
Graphics and Multimedia
Home/Personal Use
Communications
Artificial Intelligence
Healthcare

5
Computer Software
Lecture a
Business/Home Software
Word Processing
Produces documents
Has powerful features
Auto-correct
Spell-check
Grammar-check
Mail merge
Tracking changes
Tables
Templates
Web page development
Examples
Microsoft

Word
OpenOffice Writer
Corel
WordPerfect
Google Docs
6
Computer Software
Lecture a
(hacktolive.org, 2008, GNU GPL)
Spreadsheets
Organizes data into
columns and rows
Performs calculations on
the data
Can use formulas and
functions for calculations
Can generate graphs
and charts of data
Examples
Microsoft
Excel
Lotus
I-2-3
Corel
Quattro-Pro
Google Docs
OpenOffice Calc

7
Computer Software
Lecture a
Presentation Software
Creates visual aids for
a presentation
Developed as a series
of slides
Can include images,
tables, graphs
Can include
animations, automatic
transitions
Examples
Microsoft

PowerPoint
OpenOffice

Impress
Apple Keynote
8
Computer Software
Lecture a
Business Software
Project Management Software
Plans and
schedules
events,
resources, and
costs of a
project
Keeps track of
deadlines and
deliverables
Examples
Microsoft
Project
FastTrack Schedule 10
SEER-SEM

9
Computer Software
Lecture a
(Hubertson, 2009, CC BY 3.0)
Science and Mathematics
Number-crunching
software
Runs models and
works with large
amounts of data
Examples:
IBM SPSS Statistics 20
Gretl
Matlab

Mathematica

10
Computer Software
Lecture a
(GNU GPL, 2006)
Graphics and Multimedia
Software: Desktop Publishing
Professional software used to produce high-
quality print documents such as textbooks,
brochures, and catalogs
Assists with the layout, colors, and graphics
Produces very high resolution output that is
suitable for printing
Adobe
PageMaker

, Adobe
FrameMaker

,
Microsoft

Publisher, Scribus
11
Computer Software
Lecture a
Desktop Publishing Example
(Manske, 2011, GNU GPL)
12
Computer Software
Lecture a
Graphics and Multimedia Software
Image-editing, photo-editing, and paint
software (professional)
Image-editing software adds the ability to modify
existing images and pictures
Photo-editing software is a type of image editing
software that allows users to edit and customize
digital photographs
Adobe Photoshop
, GIMP, Inkscape
Paint software allows graphic artists to draw pictures
and shapes
13
Computer Software
Lecture a
Image Editing Example
14
Computer Software
Lecture a
(Emc2, 2011, GNU GPL)
Graphics and Multimedia Software
Video-editing
Software
Can modify a segment of
video called a clip
Can delete, reorder, add
special effects to clips
Examples
Adobe Premiere

Elements
Pinnacle Studio
OpenShot Video
Editor
15
Computer Software
Lecture a
(JonOomp 2009, GNU GPL)
Communications Software
Many different types
Email
IM
FTP
Web browsers
VoIP
Blogs
Wikis

16
Computer Software
Lecture a
(Old Marcus, 2010, MPL 1.1)
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence is using computing to approximate
human intelligence
Involves
Reasoning and deduction
Knowledge Representation and Retrieval
Natural Language Processing
Perception
Learning
Planning
Motion

17
Computer Software
Lecture a
Artificial Intelligence Applications
Expert systems
Voice recognition
Robots
Email Spam filtering
Video games
Automated online help

18
Computer Software
Lecture a
(Raysonho, 2011, CC BY 3.0)
Healthcare Software
Many different types
EHRs and EMRs
Health Information Systems
Expert Systems/Decision Support Systems
Medical Office Management Systems
Patient Registries
Imaging
Telemedicine
19
Computer Software
Lecture a
Examples of EHRs
EpicCares EHR system - http://www.epic.com/software-
index.php
General Electrics Centricity Enterprise EHR system -
https://www2.gehealthcare.com/portal/site/usen/gehchome/
The Veteran Administration (VA) VistA (Veterans Health
Information Systems and Technology Architecture) -
http://www.ehealth.va.gov/EHEALTH/CPRS_demo.asp
20
Computer Software
Lecture a
VistA
21
Computer Software
Lecture a
(US Department of VA, 2007, PD-US)
Expert Systems
IBM Watson will be used for decision making in
healthcare
DxPlain (Massachusetts General Hospital)
provides diagnosis support and disease
reference
MYCIN (Stanford) provided support for bacteria
identification and antibiotic recommendations
22
Computer Software
Lecture a
Medical Office Management
Systems
(Miller, 2009, GNU GPL)
23
Computer Software
Lecture a
Medical Imaging
(alchueyr, 2010, GNU GPL))
24
Computer Software
Lecture a
Telemedicine
Clinical medicine
where consultations
and procedures are
managed remotely
25
Computer Software
Lecture a
(Mco44, 2008, PD-US).
Software Components
Code
Programming statements/instructions that make the program
work
Example: the .exe file run by a user
Files
Data stored on disk that is used by a program
Example: the .doc files that Microsoft

Word uses
Database
Stores and retrieves data
Example: EMRs store data in a database
26
Computer Software
Lecture a
Different Hardware Needs
High-resolution graphics and video software (including audio)
Good graphics card with its own memory
Fast processor with large RAM
Good monitor
Good speakers
Large secondary storage
Data intensive applications
Fast processor with large RAM
Large secondary storage
Software specs list minimum hardware requirements
27
Computer Software
Lecture a
How to Install/Uninstall
Installing software depends on how it is received
Purchase an install diskput in drive and it
will install
Downloadrun downloaded installer
Uninstalling
Add/Remove Programs on the control panel
menu (Windows)
Drag icon to the trash (Mac)
28
Computer Software
Lecture a
Ethical Considerations
Software that isnt open source or public
domain has a copyright
Most software has a license
Allows user to install one instance
Read license to see if it allows more
Cannot distribute copies to friends

29
Computer Software
Lecture a
Computer Software
Summary - Lecture a
Software makes computers useful
Two types of software
Application
System
Application software is vast and varied
Many types
Available in different forms
30
Computer Software
Lecture a
31
Computer Software
Lecture a
Computer Software
References Lecture a
References
Barnett GO, Cimino JJ, Hupp JA, Hoffer EP. (1987). DXplain. An evolving diagnostic support system. JAMA.,
258(1), 67 - 74.
Evans A, Martin K, Poatsey MA (2010). Chapter 4: Application Software: Programs That Let You Work and Play.
In: Technology in Action: Complete. 7th ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Gretl [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Oct 17; cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://gretl.sourceforge.net/
IBM Systems and Technology . Watson--A System Designed for Answers. (2011, February). Retrieved from
the IBM Corporation website:
http://public.dhe.ibm.com/common/ssi/ecm/en/pow03061usen/POW03061USEN.PDF.
Inkscape [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Nov 11; cited 2011 Nov 12]. Available from: http://inkscape.org/
Morley Deborah, Parker Charles S. (2010). Chapter 5: Application Software. In: Understanding Computers
Today and Tomorrow. 12
th
ed. Boston: Course Technology.
Mozilla Thunderbird Project [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Nov 12; cited 2011 Nov 12]. Available from:
http://www.mozilla.org/projects/thunderbird.
Mycin [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Nov 8; cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycin.
OpenOffice.org: The Free and Open Productivity Suite. 2011; [updated 2011 Oct 14; cited 2011 Nov 11].
Available from: http://www.openoffice.org/.
Scribus [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Nov 12; cite 2011 Nov 12]. Available from:
http://www.scribus.net/canvas/Scribus
SEER-SEM [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Nov 12; cited 2011 Nov 12]. Available from:
http://www.galorath.com/index.php/products/software/C5/ .
Shelley GB, Vermaat ME (2010). Chapter 3: Application Software. In: Discovering Computers 2011: Introductory.
1st ed. Boston: Course Technology.
OpenShot [Webpage]. [updated 2011 Oct 16; cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://www.openshotvideo.com/

Computer Software
Images - Lecture a
Images
Slide 6: Open Office Writer Image [image on the Internet]. hacktolive.org (c 2008) [Updated 7/5/2011; cited
11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OpenOffice.org_Writer.png.
Slide 7: Open Office Calc Image [image on the Internet]. hacktolive.org (c 2008) [Updated 11/8/2008; cited
11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OpenOffice.org_Calc.png.
Slide 8: Open Office Impress Image [image on the Internet]. hacktolive.org (c 2008). [Updated 11/8/2008; cited
11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OpenOffice.org_Impress.png.
Slide 9: SEER - SEM Image [image on the Internet]. Hubertson, E. (c 2009). [Updated 4/21/2008; cited
11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Seer3.jpg. (CC BY 3.0).
Slide 10: Gretl Image [image on the Internet]. c 2006 [Updated 8/1/2006; cited 11/8/2011]. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gretl_screenshot.png. (GNU GPL).
Slide 12: Scribus Image [image on the Internet]. Manske, M (c 2008). [Updated 3/5/2009; cited 11/8/2011].
Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Scribus-1.3-Linux.png. (GNU GPL).
Slide 14: Inkscape Image [image on the Internet]. Emc2 (c 2006). [Updated 4/8/2006; cited 11/8/2011]. Available
from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Inkscape_screenshot.png. (GNU GPL).
Slide 15: OpenShot Image [image on the Internet]. JonOomp (c 2009) [Updated 9/21/2009; cited 11/8/2011].
Available from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Screenshot_of_OpenShot.png. (GNU GPL).
Slide 16: Thunderbird Image [image on the Internet]. Old Marcus (c2010) [Updated 2/11/2010; cited 11/8/2011].
Available from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mozilla-thunderbird-3.0.1.png. (MPL 1.1).
Slide 18: IBM Watson Image [image on the Internet]. Raysonho (c 2011) [Updated 4/20/2011; cited 11/8/2011].
Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IBMWatson.jpg. (CC BY 3.0).

32
Computer Software
Lecture a
Computer Software
Images - Lecture a
Images
Slide 21: VistA screenshot showing lab result values graphed over time for a particular patient. Image [image on
the Internet]. US Dept. of VA (c 2007). [Updated 10/29/2007; cited 11/8/2011]. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:VistA_Img.png. (PD-US).
Slide 22: Screenshot of the OpenEMR scheduling calendar. Image [image on the Internet]. Miller, B. (c 2009).
[Updated 11/28/2009; cited 11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OpenEMR-Calendar.jpg.
(GNU GPL).
Slide 23: Medical Imaging Image [image on the Internet]. alchueyr, T. (c 2010). [Updated 2/7/2010; cited
11/8/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Invesalius3_promed0446.png. (GNU GPL).
Slide 24: Telemedicine Image [image on the Internet]. Mco44 (c 2008). [Updated 2/19/2009; cited 11/8/2011].
Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CT_viewer_Chest_Keosys.JPG. (PD-US).

33
Computer Software
Lecture a

Comp4 Unit4a Lecture Slides

Încărcat de

Informații document

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Comp4 Unit4a Lecture Slides

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Introduction to Information and

S-ar putea să vă placă și