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DST CONCEPT
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DST Concept
Lecture Objectives.
By the end of this lecture , YOU should be able
to :

List the 3 main DST components
List the 3 main DST pressures
List the 3 main DST types
Describe the DST concept

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The primary DST functions,
whether conducted in
openhole
or cased wells, are to:

Isolate the target zone.
Control well flow.
Convey fluid to surface.
Acquire downhole data.
DST Concept
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DST Concept




The 3 basic equipment for a
drill stem test consits of a string
(tubing or drillpipe), a packer
and a valve.


1. The string channels
the flow to surface.
2. The packer is a rubber
element to isolate the
zone to be tested.
3. The valve provides a
method of controlling
the well near the
reservoir.
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Ph: Hydrostatic
pressure
Pf: Formation pressure
Pc: Cushion pressure

Generally, the
relationship among
these pressures is:

Ph > Pf > Pc
DST Concept
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The Packer isolates the formation from the
annulus, the two pressures (Ph and Pf)
must be isolated from one another.

The Tester valve controls the formation.
- shut the well downhole to minimize
wellbore storage effect
- isolates annular fluid from cushion while
RIH, preventing U-tubing
-provides a seal for pressure test the string

After the packer is set and sealed, the test
valve can then be opened and
hydrocarbons can be produced to surface.
This will only occur if Pc < Ph

DST Concept
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1. W/L perforated over-balance

2. RIH DST with Tester valve closed,
filling up tubing with cushion.

3. Set packer.

4. Open Tester valve (CM closed)
DST Concept

The general steps (no TCP) for starting a DST
are:
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1. Open the reverse circulating valve
and Reverse out (flush
hydrocarbons from drillpipe or
tubing).

2. Close the reverse circulating valve.

3. Open the tester valve.

4. Pump mud into test string to kill the
tested interval.

5. Unseat the packer.

6. Pull the string out of the hole
(POOH)
DST Concept

The general steps for ending a DST
are:
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DST Concept

Types of DST
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DST Concept
Well location & configuration
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DST Concept / PACKERS




PACKERS are designed to isolate the
perforated interval from the mud column.
The weight applied on the packer
compress its rubber elements against the
casing and creates a seal between the
annulus and tubing.

Three main types of Packers
- FlexPac packer
- PosiTest packer
- Positrieve packer
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DST Concept /
PACKERS




FlexPa
c
PosiTes
t
Positriev
e
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DST Concept / Tester
Valves




Various types are used:
- MFE (Multi Flow Evaluator)
Operated by manipulation of the test string.
Applications: Onshore and Jack-up rigs
- PCT (Pressure Controlled Tester)
Operated by annulus (and tubing) pressure.
Application: Offshore, floating facilities.
- IRIS dual-valve tool (IRDV)
(IRIS= Intelligent Remote Implementation System)
Operated & Application as PCT
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DST Concept / Tester Valve




IRIS dual-valve
tool
PCT valve
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Tubing or drillpipe
Slip joints (2 or more)
Drill collars
Redundant circulating valve
Drill collars
Surface Read out
RA marker
Drills collar
Surface readout
Downhole valve
Hydrostatic reference tool
Pressure recorders (2 or
more)
Hydraulic jar
Safety joint
Packer
Slotted tailpipe
Debris sub
Tubing
Firing head
Safety spacer
Perforating gun


DST
Concept

Typical DST or TCP tool
string
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During the initial phase of the test, the
wellbore fluids, and, later, the drilling fluid
(mud) that has invaded the formation in the
vicinity of the wellbore flow to surface. This is
known as the cleanup period. Cleanup is
complete when the well effluent at surface is
reservoir fluid that contains no mud particles or
cuttings at surface.
Once cleanup is complete, the main flow
period can be maintained for the planned
duration, during which downhole pressure
measurements and surface flow rates are
recorded. At the end of the main flow period,
the tester valve is closed. Formation pressure
builds up against the valve while downhole
pressure measurement continues.
DST Concept

Basic operation:
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DST CONCEPT
The
END