Lab Procedures in Complete Denture Prosthodontics / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

LAB PROCEDURES IN COMPLETE DENTURE
FABRICATION

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY

Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

CONTENTS
Introduction
Pouring the diagnostic impression & Making the
diagnostic cast
Pouring the primary impression Making the primary cast
Fabrication of impression tray
Final impression,Beading,Boxing & pouring
Record base fabrication
Occlusion rims
Mounting the casts onto the articulator

Arranging & Articulating the Artificial teeth
-Anterior teeth arrangement
-posterior teeth arrangement
Waxing & Carving the trial denture
Processing the waxed up dentures
Deflasking the processed dentures
Lab remounting
Finishing & polishing
Duplicating dentures
Review of Literature
Summary & conclusion References

INTRODUCTION
POURING THE DIAGNOSTIC IMPRESSION &
MAKING THE DIAGNOSTIC CAST
Preliminary care of the impression

Pouring the impression

Separate the cast & Trim the excess


IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE CAST
Cast surface should be free of voids
,nodules.
Extend sufficiently
Land area
Base of the cast

Purpose of making the diagnostic cast
To measure the depth & extent of undercuts.
Determine the path of insertion..
Plan the preprosthetic surgeries
Evaluate size & contour of the arch

Surveying the diagnostic cast
Measuring depth of undercut.
-Mounting the cast
-Tilting the cast- to change the path of insertion.
-Mark the height of contour.
-Mark the depth of undercut.
-Mock surgery is done ..
POURING THE PRIMARY CAST
Preliminary care of the impression
Pour the impression

FABRICATION OF THE SPCIAL TRAY
Custom tray :(GPT)
An individualized tray made on a cast recovered from
the preliminary impression. Used for making final
impression.

A custom made device prepared for a particular patient
which is used to carry, confine & control an impression
material while making an impression.
IDEAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE SPECIAL
TRAY
Rigid
Dimensionally stable..
Should not react with impression material.
Simple method of fabrication
2mm in thickness & 2 mm short of the
sulcus depth.
MATERIAL USED
Shellac
Auto polymerizing acrylic resin
Heat cured acrylic resin
Vacuum formed thermoplastic resin
Type II impression compound

FABRICATION OF AUTOPOLYMERIZING
RESIN SPECIAL TRAY
PROCEDURE:
Mark the outline of relief,spacer.
Adapt relief wax.
Block out..
Adapt spacer..
Apply separating media.
Sprinkle on or dough method.
Make handle.
Trim


SPRINKLE ON METHOD

Advantages
Dis advantages
DOUGH METHOD

Advantages.
Disadvantages

VACUUM ADAPTED THRMOPLATIC RESIN
Procedure
Spacer..
Center the cast on the vacuum adapter plate.
Place the resin sheet in the heating frame & rotate the
heating unit into position.
Heating until sheet sags.
Lower the frame & resin sheet onto the cast & start
vacuum adaptation. .
Trim the excess remove from the cast &final trim .
Adapt handle


SHELLAC TRAY
Procedure
Advantages.
Disadvantages.

FINAL IMPRESSION BEADING, BOXING &
POURING
WAX BOXING METHOD
-Procedure
-Advantages

BOLOURI, TERENE, MAYNARD GOWRYLOK
TECHNIQUE(1975)
Pour the plaster base & lightly seat the
impression into the plaster leaving the
peripheral turn at least 4mm above.
Trim the excess leaving 5mm wide & 4mm
below the impression
Adapt modeling clay , plasticine.
Apply separating media.
Boxing.


Plaster & pumice mix boxing method.

Caulking compound & Paddle boxing Method Blank
1961.
Beading with Caulking compound rope.

Boxing with metal strip secure with rubber band seal to
the wax paddle.
Pour the impression.


A study was conducted by Jhon M Young (1975)
He made the stone casts & test specimens in two
methods. One group fluid dental stone cast was allowed to
set vertically against the impression,other group allowed to
set against impression inverted.Rough grainy appearing
cast surfaces with samples set against inverted impression.
He concluded that stone should be allowed to set against
impression material, So that the contaminants & liquid rise
to the surface away from the impression surface.
RECORD BASE
Ideal requirementsElder
Adaptation
Border form
Rigidity
Simple ,quick , inexpensive fabrication.
Means for recording jaw relation , teeth arrangement.
Kenneth added----Not to abrade the cast
-Take advantage of undercut
-Bond with block out material.

FABRICATION OF RECORD BASE WITH
AUTOPOLYMERIZING RESIN
Sprinkle on method
Dough method
Confined dough methods.

A technique by AssadzadeYarmond(1975)
--Block out
--Adapt wax sheet on the cast & duplicate
--Place acrylic mix on the mold & close with the cast.
Advantages ---
Disadvantages---

Method given by Levere , Freda

FLUID RESIN BASEPLATES

Heat cure acrylic base plate
Shellac base plate.
Stabilized shellac base plates
Vacuum adapted



OCCLUSION RIMS
Occlusion rim is defined as the Occluding surfaces built
on permanent denture bases for the purpose of making
maxilomandibular relation records.
4 basic factors to be considered are--
1) Relationship of natural teeth to alveolar bone
2) Relationship of occlusion rim to the alveolar
bone
3) Fabrication technique..
4) Clinical considerations

MOUNTING THE CASTS ON TO THE
ARTICULATOR
The laboratory procedure of attaching the
maxillary & mandibular casts to an
articulator.

MOUNTING ON TO HANAU ARTICULATOR
Procedure
Adjust the horizontal condylar guidance.
Adjust the incisal pin..

Attach the mounting plate.

Face bow record transferred.
Mounting guide as in twirl bow & spring bow,Anterior elevator ,
transfer jig used with kinematic face bow.

Attach the cast support to the lower member of the articulator .
Attach maxillary cast with the plaster.
Mount the mandibular cast.
Horizontal condylar inclination determined with the protrusive record.


MOUNTING ON TO THE WHIPMIX ARTICULATOR
Adjust the intercondylar distance by removing the condylar
elements &using the spacers on the condylar shaft.
Adjust the horizontal condylar inclination.
Attach mounting plates & plastic incisal guide table.
Face bow record transferred.
Mount the maxillary cast with dental plaster.
Mount the mandibular cast.

MOUNTING WITH THE SPLIT
REMOUNTING PLATES

ARRANGING & ARTICULATING THE
ARTIFICIAL TEETH
ARTIFICIAL TEETH..
Metal insert resin teeth -- Improved occlusal wear
resistance .
Mechanical bonding
Maintains vd
Masticatory efficiency.
ANTERIOR TEETH ARRANGEMENT
ARRANGING MAXILLARY TEETH.
Definite anatomic guides used
Incisive papilla-
The relationship of central incisor with the reflection of
tissue under the lip.
Midsagittal suture

Antero posterior positioning of the teeth
Anatomical landmarks
Labio lingual inclination
Mesiodistal inclination
Rotational positions from the incisal aspect
Supero inferior position
Irregularities

ARRANGING THE POSTERIOR TEETH
Surveying the mandibular cast
ARRANGING 33 degree ANATOMIC TEETH..

I premolar long axis perpendicular to the occlusal plane
II premolar
I molar mb & ml cusp touch the occlusal plane , db 0.5
mm & ml 0.75 mm raised.
II molar


ARTICULATION OF THE MANDIBULAR
TEETH
I MOLAR---
In centric occlusion
Working occlusion-
buccal cusps occlude. -
Distal facet of max. I PM occlude with mesiobuccal marginal
ridge of mand. I molar.
II MOLAR
In centric occlusion
Working occlusion
MB cuspof mandibular II molar occludes with distal


II PREMOLAR
Centric occlusion
Working occlusion

I PREMOLAR
Centric occlusion
Working occlusion
Arrange mandibular teeth first
I & II Premolarcentral fosse in line
with the antero posterior reference line.
I Molar-- mesial cusp on plane established
by anterior & bicuspids. Distal cusp raised
by 0.5 mm.
II Molar
Grinding of transverse ridge for mesio distal
unlocking of cusped teeth & buccolingual
inclines.

ARRANGING MAXILLARY TEETH

Modified by grinding.
I PREMOLAR
II PREMOLAR Lingual cusp occludes with distal
marginal ridge of II PM & mesial marginal ridge of I
molar.
I MOLAR
II MOLAR
Balancing of the occlusion
-Selective grinding for centric contact
--Selective grinding for working & balancing contacts.
--Selective grinding for protrusive balance.

NON ANTOMIC TEETH ARRANGEMENT
In flat linear occlusion-- long axis at right
angles to occlusal plane& touch the occlusal
plane.
Bilateral balance arrange mandibular teeth
& occlude the maxillary teeth .
WAXING THE DENTURES
The form of the polished surface of the dentures affects
esthetic & retentive quality.
PROCEDURE
Adapt softened roll of wax on the facial surface & contour.
Carving to produce gingival bulge &root prominences.
Palatal surface
Lingual surface
Stippling


FLASKING THE WAXED UP DENTURES
The waxed up dentures are invested & mold is
created within the flask.
PROCEDURE:

WAX ELIMINTION
COMPRESSION MOLDING TECHNIQUE

FLUID RESIN COMPLETE DENTURE

CURING-- the packed heat cure acrylic
DEFLSKING

LABORATORY REMOUNTING OF THE
DENTURES
Serves as an accurate , convenient & time saving method
of reorienting the processed dentures on the articulator for
occlusal correction.

Construction of the remounting casts.
Preserving the orientation relation Index.
The maxillary denture with the cast placed in the plaster
index & attached to the articulator.
FINISHING & POLISHING OF THE
DENTURES
Remove the cast ..
Shell blaster to remove the stone from the interior surface.
Trim the Excess
Check for the nodules .
Relive the frenii.
Finishing of lingual border & palatal surface.
Pumice the dentures with rag wheel inaccessible areas use
prophy cup.
Polishing the teeth.

DUPLICATIING DENTURES




REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
A study was conducted by Keith R Marcroft,
Tencate,William Hyrst(1961).
They fabricated 106 complete dentures with
layered silicone rubber investing on the upper half
of the mold & 50 with all gypsum investment.
They concluded that the wax dose not penetrate
the silicone rubber mold so separating media not
required. Reproduces carving contours accurately .
Requires less finishing &polishing.
A study was conducted by A . Grant (1962)
He concluded that --
The first pour of the investment dose not
affect the position of the tooth.
The second pore dose not affect relative
position of tooth & cast.
Tooth movement can be minimized by
clamping the flask after investing.

Duncan H. Wallace (1964)gave the technique to use the
Gold occlusal surfaces in resin teeth.
He concluded that chewing efficiency increased & natural
feeling. It can be used in patients with decreased interarch
space.

A study was conducted by Philip Schiffman (1964)
he studied the relation of the of the canine teeth to
incisive papilla in 507 casts .
He concluded that the position pf the incisive papilla
remains fairly constant. In 78.3% of he casts the line
passing through the center of the incisive papilla joining
the canine cusp tips is perpendicular to long axis of the
cast. In 92% of the casts line passed 1mm anterior or
posterior to it.

A technique of restoring the resin teeth with silver
amalgum restoration was given by John B.
Sowter,Robert E .Basd(1968).

They Concluded that the efficiency of resin posterior
teeth increased & also prevent wear of the teeth.

Method of reducing the shifting of the teeth
during processing was given by Robert G.
Vig (1975).
He showed that extension of waxed up
denture onto the posterior aspect of the cast
decreased the shifting of the posterior teeth
during processing.
.

A study was conducted by John J. Sharry in
(1977)
He processed the denture bases by 3
techniques & concluded that all techniques
showed dimensional changes .
A study was conducted by Gregory Polyzois et.al
(1985).
He processed the waxed denture bases with 3
curing cycles.
He concluded that curing for 1.5 hr at 60degree c.
, 2.5hr at 75 de.c,100 degree c. for 1hr produces
higher degree of curing of acrylic resin

A study wa conducted by Dr Jayavikram
under the able guidance of Sir (2001). It
was concluded that tooth movement
observed during flasking & packing . The
thickness of the flash less with Lucitone as
compared to conventional heat cure acrylic.
CONCLUSION

References
Bouchers Prosthodontic Treatment for edentulous patients 9
th
edition.
Charles M.Heart wells syllabus of complete denture prosthodontics.
DCNA Complete Dentures Robert Engelmeier 40.;1:Jan 1996
Surface characteristic of dental stone with impression orientation John
M Young J:P:D;19975:3:33:336
Murrow,Rudd,Rhods.Dental laboratory procedure complete denture.
Sheldon Winklers Essentials of complete denture Prosthodontics 2
nd

edition.
Skinners Science of Dental Materials
Zarb-Bolenders Prosthodontic Treatment for edentulous patients 12
th

edition .
The use of gold occlusal surface in complete & partial dentures by
Duncan wallace J.P.P:1964:326:333.
Effect of C yring cycles & denture base shape on the degree of cure of
Acrylic resin denture base Gregory Polyzois etc..all 1985:9:11.
Quintessence of Dental Technology.
Comparision of Denture base processing technique part
II.Dimensional changes due to processing ,by
John.J.Sharry.J.P.D:1977:37:4:456.
Fluid denture resin processing in a rigid mold by
Frank.f.Koblitz.etc al J.P.D:1973:30:339 .
Use of layered silicone Rubber mold technique for denture
processing by Keith.R.Marcoft et al.J;P;D1961;30;657:659
The relation of marillary canines to the ineisive papilla Philiff
Schiffman J;P;D:1964:14:469.
Method of reducing the shifting of teeth in denture processing by
Robert.G.Vig J.P.D:1975:33:34.
Study conducted by Philip Schiffmann in J.P.D:1964:14:469.

Thank you

For more details please visit

Lab Procedures in Complete Denture Prosthodontics / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Lab Procedures in Complete Denture Prosthodontics / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

LAB PROCEDURES IN COMPLETE DENTURE

S-ar putea să vă placă și