1

ABE 463 Electrohydraulic Systems

Energy Regulation Components
ABE 463, Lect 09
The Problem
Stroke
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

Moving-induced
pressure shock
Hydraulic capacitor
absorbing
ABE 463, Lect 09
3
Pump
displacement
Q
Normal corner power
Relief
valve
setting
Preset
limiting
pressure
Intensified
pressure
High-flow corner power
High-pressure
corner power
P
High-flow
pressure
High-pressure
flow
Low-pressure
flow
Constant corner power line
A Desirable Feature
ABE 463, Lect 09
Common power regulating devices
hydraulic shock absorber
Hydraulic accumulators
Pressure intensifier
ABE 463, Lect 09
A Few Designs of Shock Absorbers
ABE 463, Lect 09
Shock Absorbing Characteristics
ABE 463, Lect 09
Special Absorbers Hydraulic Springs
Stroke
P
r
e
s
s
u
r
e

Moving-induced
pressure shock
Hydraulic spring
ABE 463, Lect 09
Accumulator
An accumulator can serve as
o an auxiliary power source,
o a pulsation absorber,
o a shock damper,
o a leakage makeup source, and
o a thermal expansion compensator
A type of power storage devices,
functioning as a temporal storage tank
of fluid energy to provide or absorb
momentary flow.
ABE 463, Lect 09
9
Functions of an Accumulator
o Energy storage
o Pulsation absorption
o Shock cushioning
o Supplementing pump flow
o Maintaining pressure
o Fluid dispensing
ABE 463, Lect 09
Types Commonly used Accumulators
Weight-loaded Spring-loaded Pressure gas-loaded
ABE 463, Lect 09
Spring Loaded Accumulators
In a spring loaded accumulator, a
change in fluids volume is
proportional to its pressure.

As the spring compression
increases as fluid enters the
chamber and decreases as the
accumulator is discharged, the
pressure is not constant.
( )
dt
P P d
k Q
load pre

=
ABE 463, Lect 09
Gas Charged Accumulators
In a closed chamber, a change
in gas volume must result in an
identical fluids volume. It can
maintain a constant fluid
pressure
2
2 2
1
1 1
T
V P
T
V P
=

ABE 463, Lect 09

13
Six Stages of Operation
(a) empty - no gas charge; (b) precharged with dry nitrogen; (c) system pressure
exceeds precharge pressure, and hydraulic fluid flows into accumulator;
(d) system pressure peaks, maximum fluid has entered accumulator, and system relief
opens; (e) system pressure drops, precharge pressure forces fluid from accumulator
and into system; and (f) system pressure reaches minimum needed to do work.
ABE 463, Lect 09
14
Sizing Accumulators
Hydraulic accumulators are normally sized in terms
of specific applications. For example:
For leakage compensation
( )
S
V
p p p
p p
V
1 2 0
2 1
0

=
For emergency power supply
S
V
p p
p
V
(
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
=
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
0
0
1 1
1
ABE 463, Lect 09
15
More on Sizing Accumulators
Some accumulator manufacturers provide some means
to help you in sizing an appropriate accumulator for
your specific applications. One example can be found:
(http://www.wilkesandmclean.com/acc_%20labeled_formulas.html)
ABE 463, Lect 09
16
Applications of Accumulators (1)
Several gas bottles serving a single piston accumulator
through a gas manifold to provide a large capacity of
fluid storage.
ABE 463, Lect 09
17
Applications of Accumulators (2)
Several piston accumulators through a fluid manifold
to provide a large capacity of fluid storage.
ABE 463, Lect 09
18
Power Regeneration Devices
-- Pressure Intensifier
ABE 463, Lect 09
19
Power Regeneration Devices
-- Two Speed Cylinder
ABE 463, Lect 09
20
Power Regeneration Devices
-- Stand-by Recharger
ABE 463, Lect 09
21
Lecture Summary
Discussed the basic principles of different
types of hydraulic power regulation devices:
Hydraulic Shock absorber/hydraulic spring
Hydraulic Accumulator
Hydraulic power regenerators