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Pseudowires

short introduction
Pseudo wire (PW): A mechanism that emulates the essential
attributes of a native service while transporting over a packet
switched network (PSN)
Packet Switched Network (PSN)
a network that forwards packets
IPv4, IPv6, MPLS, Ethernet
a pseudo wire (PW) is a mechanism to tunnel traffic through a
PSN
PWs are usually bidirectional (unlike MPLS LSPs),PW
architecture is an extension of VPN architecture
Native services defined in IETF PWE3
The PWE3 Working Group in the IETF has defined the following native
services :
ATM (port mode, cell mode, AAL5-specific modes) RFC 4717, 4816
Frame Relay RFC 4619
HDLC/PPP RFC 4618
TDM (E1, T1, E3, T3) RFC 4553, 5086, 5087
SONET/SDH (CEP) RFC 4842
Fiber channel
Multiprotocol packet service
Ethernet (raw, VLAN-aware) RFC 4448
Note that most are legacy services but the most interesting service
today is Ethernet
Pseuodowire Reference model
An Circuit (AC) is the physical or virtual circuit attaching a CE to a PE
Customer Edge (CE) equipment perceives a PW as an unshared link
or circuit

PWE3 Emulation
Establishes a channel in PS network to achieve various
types of service transmission
Local data packets perform as PWES and is transmitted
through Tunnel after being encapsulated as PWPDU;
Edge device PE perform encapsulation/decapsulation of end
services.
CE does not feel the core network existence, considering the
processed services are local services.


TDM
E1
Abis PWE3
TDM
Abis
E1
TDM
Abis
IMA
E1
ATM
AAL2/5
Iub
PWE3
ATM
AAL2/5
Iub
STM1
ATM
AAL2/5
Iub
ETH
802.1Q
IP
Iub
ETH
PWE3
802.1Q
IP
Iub
ETH
802.1Q
IP
Iub
TDM E1
IMA E1 Ethernet ATM STM-1
TDM E1 Ethernet
Eth PWE3
TDM PWE3
ATM PWE3
Bi-directional Tunnel
TDM PWE3
ATM PWE3
Eth PWE3
Tunnel Tunnel Tunnel
PHY PHY PHY
PW Supports TDM E1/ IMA E1/ POS STM-n/ chSTM-n/FE/GE/10GE
PWE3 achieves unified bearing of TDM, ATM, and Ethernet services
6100/6200
6300
PTN
BSC/RNC NodeB
BTS
SR/BRAS
MSC/MGW
Multi-service Unified Bearing
PW (inner-layer label)
PW (outer-layer label)
Tunnel interface
IMA/ATM
interface
ATM cell
E1 Circuit Emulation Service
E1 of the CE device on the left is transported to the PE device on the left,
encapsulated with PW on this point, then transported to PE on the right through E2E
connection of the PTN network. On this point, the PW encapsulation is removed and
E1 signal is restored, than transported to the CE device on the right (for example, E1
private access device of an enterprise). The procedure in other direction is similar.
E1 circuit emulation is classified into two modes: structured and non-structured.
Resources are reserved for the connection between PE and PE. The emulation E1
data packet is ensured with QoS in PTN transportation.
PTN
CE
E1 E1
CE
PE PE
NNI NNI
Ethernet Service Type
PTN CE
UNI UNI
P-t-P EVC
CE
E-Line service
Service Type
Port-Based
(All to one bundling)
VLAN-Based
(Service multiplexed)
E-Line EPL EVPL , VPWS
E-LAN EP-LAN EVP-LAN, VPLS
E-Tree EP-Tree EVP-Tree
EVPL Service
The UNI interface can be multiplexed. A UNI
interface of PE device can be connected with
multiple users, namely, users are distinguished
by VLAN.
The Ethernet connectivity between PEs is
point to point

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