Grammar Revision

Countable and Uncounable

nouns
Countable nouns (brojive imenice):
These can be singular and plural.
E.g. Egg/eggs, tomato/tomatoes,
onion/onions, apple/apples,
banana/bananas, chair/chairs, desk/desks
etc.

Uncountable nouns (nebrojive imenice):
E.g. meat, chips, chocolate, milk, juice,
bread, wine, rice, sugar, coffee etc.
Coffee is good.
Some and Any
We use some with countable and uncountable nouns,
in positive sentences (izjavne reenice),
e.g. Theres some wine.

and when we request or offer something (i u
reenicama u kojima nudimo ili traimo neto)
e.g. Would you like some wine?

We use any with countable and uncountable nouns, in
questions and negatives

e.g. There arent any tomatoes.
Is there any pasta?


MUCH and MANY
MUCH
Uncountable nouns
Negatives and questions
e.g. How much butter is there?
There isnt much oil.

MANY
Countable nouns
Negatives and questions
e.g. How many apples are there?
There arent many apples.



Exercise 1
Write a, an, or some.
1 an onion
2 milk
3 toast
4 apple
5 sandwich
6 peas
7 banana
8 honey
some
some
an
a
some
a
some
Exercise 2
Complete the conversation with some, any, much or
many.

A Lets make (1) some sandwiches for lunch.
B OK. How (2) bread is there?
A There isnt (3) just four slices.
B Thats OK. Is there (4) cheese?
A Yes, theres (5) Cheddar cheese.
B Anything else?
A There are (6) tomatoes.
B How (7) tomatoes are there?
A Not (8) , just two.
B Great: cheese and tomato sandwiches!
A Would you like (9) juice?
B Yes, please. Is there (10) apple juice?
A Yes, I think theres (11) in the fridge.
B OK. Heres your sandwich.
Exercise 3
Write Would or Do.

1 Would you like a new PC? No, I wouldnt.
2 you like a drink? Yes, coffee, please.
3 you like books by JK Rowling? Yes, I do.
4 you like a banana? No thanks, Im not
hungry.
5 you like Ahmed? Yes, I quite like him.
6 you like some aspirin? Yes, please
VERB TENSES
PRESENT SIMPLE
Jednostavan glagolski oblik
Tvori se od glagolske osnove i nastavka s/es u 3 licu
jednine (he, she, it)
e.g. I, you, we, they work
He, she, it work+s = works
za tvorbu upitnog i odrinog oblika koristimo pomoni gl.
DO/DOES
e.g. Question: Do I, you, we, they work?
Does he, she, it work?
Negative: I, you, we, they dont work.
He, she, it doesnt work.


Kada koristimo present
simple?
Kada govorimo o injenicama
e.g. Water boils at 100C

Svakodnevne radnje i kada govorimo o naim navikama
e.g. I go to work every day.
She visits her grandparents every week.

Kada se nesto deava po tanom rasporedu
e.g. Train leaves at 6 p.m.
Signal Words
always
every ...
often
normally
usually
sometimes
seldom
never
first
then

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Sloen glagolski oblik
Tvori se od prezenta pomonog glagola to be (am, is,
are) i glavnog glagola+ing
e.g. am+work+ing = I am working
is+work+ing= He, she, it is working
Pitanja se tvore tako to I, you, we, they, he, she, it, sa
prvog mjesta prelaze na drugo mjesto a na prvo mjesto
dolazi pomoni glagol (am, is, are)
e.g. I am playing football.
Q: Am I playing football?
Negacija se pravi tako to se na pomoni gl. am, is, are
dodaje negacija not.
e.g. I am not/ Im not playing football.
He is not/isnt playing football.

Kada koristimo Present Continuous?
Za radnje koje se deavaju u trenutku govora
e.g. Look! Colin is playing football now.

Za privremene radnje, radnje koje imaju ogranieno
vrijeme trajanja.
e.g. Jenny is working in a restaurant this
week.


Signal Words
at the moment
at this moment
today
now
right now
Listen!
Look!

Exercise
Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple present
or present continuous ).

Look! He (leave) the house.
Quiet please! I (write) a test.
She usually (walk) to school.
But look! Today she (go) by bike.
Every Sunday we (go) to see my grandparents.
He often (go) to the cinema.
We (play) Monopoly at the moment.
The child seldom (cry) .
I (not / do) anything at the moment.
(watch / he) the news regularly?

PAST SIMPLE
Prost glagolski oblik
Tvori se od gl. Osnove i nastavka d/ed
e.g. I, you, he, she, it, we, they work+ed= worked
U svim licima ima isti oblik
U sluaju nepravilnih glagola 2. kolona u tabeli e.g.
sleep/slept
Upitni i odrini oblik tvori se pomou pomonog gl. Did
e.g. Q: Did you play football yesterday? No, I didnt
N: I didnt play football yesterday.


Kada koristimo Past
Simple?
Koristimo ga kada govorimo o radnjama koje su se
deavale u prolosti i koje su se zavrile u prolosti.
e.g. He went to Canada last summer.

Kada znamo tano vrijeme kada se neka radnja desila
u prolosti.
e.g. We moved to Sarajevo in 1996.

Signal Words
yesterday
... ago
in 1990
the other day
last summer, night, evening, week, month...
when I was...

PRESENT PERFECT
Sloen glagolski oblik
Tvori se od pom. Glagola have/has i past
participle (ed ili 3. kolona nepravilnih glagola)
e.g. I have played football recently.
He has slept throughout the whole journey.

Odrini oblik se tvori tako to se doda negacija
not na pom.gl. have/has
e.g. I have not/havent played football recently.
Upitni oblik: Inverzija I, you, he, she, it, we,
they i pom.gl. Have
e.g. Have I played football recently?

Kada koristimo Present
Perfect?
Za radnje koje su poele u prolosti i nastavile su se do
sadanjosti, odnosno radnje koje su jo uvijek tane u
sadanjosti.
Kada govorimo o naim iskustvima. e.g. I have visited
Venice.
Kada neka radnja koja se zavrila ima posljedice na
sadanjost.
e.g. I have bought a new bike. (With this sentence I
actually want to express that I have a new bike now.)
I obavezno se koristi uz: just / already / not yet
e.g. I have just phoned Mary.
Signal Words
just
already
up to now
until now / till now
ever
(not) yet
so far
lately / recently

Exercise
Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or
present perfect simple).

I (just / finish) my homework.
Mary (already / write) five letters.
Tom (move) to this town in 1994.
My friend (be) in Canada two years ago.
I (not / be) to Canada so far.
But I (already / travel) to London a couple of times.
Last week, Mary and Paul (go) to the cinema.
I can't take any pictures because I (not / buy) a new film
yet.
(they / spend) their holiday in New Zealand last
summer?
(you / ever / see) a whale?