A Sunrise Project for a Sunshine Future

PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT

Faculty
Debasish Bhutia
SPNE-CG
Prepared by
Production-CG Team
CONTENTS
PARADEEP REFINERY PROJECT
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Brief about pump
Classification of pump
Working of different pumps
Concept of head- types
Pump details- parts
Pump performance
Cavitation-NPSH
PUMP
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A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases or slurries. It
increases the mechanical energy of the fluid.

The additional energy can be used to increase -

Velocity (flow rate)
Pressure
PUMP CLASSIFICATION
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Pumps
Positive Displacement Dynamic
Rotary Reciprocating Centrifugal Axial
Single
rotor
Multiple
rotor
Diaphragm Piston, Plunger
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMP
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Positive Displacement pumps apply pressure directly to the liquid by a
reciprocating piston, or by rotating members.

Uses:
1. Can handle shear sensitive liquid.
2. Use for high pressure application
3. Use for variable viscosity applications.

Types-
Reciprocating pump
Rotary pump
RECIPROCATING PUMP
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In Reciprocating pumps, the chamber is a stationary cylinder that contains a
piston or plunger.

Types-
Piston Pump
Plunger Pump
Diaphragm Pump

PISTON PUMP
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USES

1.transmission of
fluids or gases
under pressure.

2.Power
consumption is low.

3.Ensure maximum
safety.
Piston Pump (double acting)
B
C
A
D
PLUNGER PUMP
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USES

1. Have high efficiency.

2. Capable of developing very
high pressures.

3. Low and easy maintenance
Plunger pump (single acting)
DIAPHRAGM PUMP
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USES
1. flexible diaphragm is
used
(rubber, thermo-plastic,
metal).

2. Can be used to make
artificial hearts.

3. Can handle highly
viscous liquids.

4.Can handle toxic or
corrosive liquids.

5. 97% efficient.

Diaphragm Pump (single acting)

ROTARY PUMP
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In Rotary pumps, the chamber moves from inlet to discharge and back to the
inlet. A wide variety of rotary pumps are available like gear pumps, lobe pumps,
screw pumps, cam pumps, vane pumps.

Most popular: gear pumps
Relatively constant output

Types-
Single Rotor
Multiple Rotor
GEAR PUMP
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Drive Gear
Inlet Cam
Driven Gear
Delivery
SCREW PUMP
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Elastomer Stator
Universal Coupling
Single Screw Rotor
LOBE PUMP
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DYNAMIC PUMP
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Centrifugal Pumps
This pumps generate high rotational velocities, then convert the resulting kinetic
energy of the liquid to pressure energy.
2 parts: It contains Impeller and casing.

Uses:
1. Centrifugal pumps are generally used where high flow rates and moderate
head increases are required.
2. Can handle fluids containing suspended solids
KINETIC PRINCIPLE
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - THEORY
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From the Center
of a Circle
RADIAL DIRECTION
To the Outside of a Circle
A machine for moving fluid by accelerating the
fluid RADIALLY outward.
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - WORKING
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - WORKING
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - WORKING
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - WORKING
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Volute
Diffuser
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - PARTS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - PARTS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - PARTS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - IMPELLERS
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Two Impellers in Series
Direction of Flow
Twice the pressure
Same amount of water
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP - IMPELLERS
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Multiple Impellers in Series
Placing impellers in series increases the amount of head produced
The head produced = no. of impellers x head of one impeller
Direction of Flow Direction of Flow
VARIOUS HEADS
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HEAD
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HEAD
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HEAD
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PRESSURE TO HEAD
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STATIC SUCTION HEAD
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SUCTION LIFT
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SUCTION HEAD
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STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD
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STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD
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FRICTION HEAD
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VAPOR PRESSURE HEAD
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PRESSURE HEAD
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VELOCITY HEAD
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TOTAL SUCTION HEAD
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TOTAL DISCHARGE HEAD
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TOTAL DIFFERENTIAL HEAD
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NPSH
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CAPACITY
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CONTROLLING PUMP PERFORMANCE
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Changing the amount for friction loss or "Throttling the Pump"
will change the pump's performance
PUMP SELECTION
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H
e
a
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Pump Flow Rate
Valve Open
Valve Partially Open
Valve Barely Open
NPSH
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CAVITATION
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CAVITATION
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NPSH
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IMPELLER CAVITATION REGIONS
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CAVITATION
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QUERIES
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