2.

3 INERTIA
CONCEPT OF INERTIA
Do you even notice about this before?
INERTIA
All objects tend to continue with what they
are doing.

Newtons First Law of Motion ( Law of Inertia
)
Every object continues in its state of rest / uniform
speed in a straight line UNLESS acted upon by an
external force.
If the body is at rest, it will remain at rest.
If the body is moving, it keeps on moving at a
constant speed in a straight line.
The tendency of an object to
maintain its state of rest or
uniform motion in a straight line
is called INERTIA.
Fun Activity:
How can the two eggs be
distinguished?
On your table are two eggs, one raw egg & one
hard-boiled egg.
Can you distinguished it?
Now Spin the eggs!
Spin the eggs
It is much easier to spin the hard-boiled egg.
A hard-boiled egg is solid
When a hard-boiled egg is spun, the solid
contents turn together with the shell.
A raw egg yolk floats in the liquid white in a raw
egg.
When a raw egg is spun, the yolk and the liquid
white tend to remain at rest because of inertia.
The reluctance to spin along with the shell
makes the raw egg harder to spin.

Then Spin both egg, then try
to STOP
them!
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MASS & INERTIA
A child and an adult each sit on similar swings as shown in
figure.
If they are given a push, which one of them will be more
difficult to be moved?
When both swings are set in motion, which one of them
will be more difficult to stop?
The adult who has more mass will show more
reluctance to change her state of rest or motion.
This property of the mass of a body which resists
change from its state of rest or motion is known as
INERTIA.
The larger the mass, the larger its inertia.
Inertia is a phenomenon, NO UNIT.

EXPERIMENT 2.1:
To investigate the relationship between inertia and
mass
PROCEDURE:
1. The apparatus is set up as shown above.
2. A 25 g of plasticine is fixed to the free and of the
hacksaw blade.
3. The time for 20 complete oscillations is measured
using a stopwatch and is recorded. The step is
repeated twice to calculate the average time taken.
Then the period, T is determined.
4. Step 3 is repeated with different mass of plasticine,
m = 50 g, 75 g, 100 g and 125 g.

Effect of INERTIA
The effect of inertia is often seen in our daily
activities.
We make use of the positive effects of inertia to
solve some of our daily problems.
The negative effects of inertia that can endanger
our lives need to find ways to reduce them.

Positive effect of INERTIA
The head of a hammer can be
tightened onto the wooden
handle by applying a knock on
the handle.
The head of the hammer has
big mass and will remain in its
state of motion, thus fitting it
tighter on the handle.
Positive effect of INERTIA
In order to pour out the chili
source, the bottle is moved
down fast with a sudden
stop.
The sauce inside the bottle
moves together with the
bottle.
When the bottle stops
suddenly, the sauces
continue in its state of
motion due to the effect of
its inertia.
Positive effect of INERTIA
The inertia of the ice
skater keeps her
gliding on the surface
in a straight line.
Positive effect of INERTIA
Droplets of water on a wet
umbrella are spun off when the
umbrella is rotated and
stopped suddenly.
The droplets of water initially
move with the rotating
umbrella.
The inertia of the droplets of
water causes them to continue
moving even when the
umbrella has stopped
spinning.
Negative effect of INERTIA
Furniture carried by a lorry
normally is tied up together by
string.
When the lorry starts to move
suddenly, the furniture is more
difficult to fall off due to their
inertia because their
combined mass has
increased.
Negative effect of INERTIA
Strong iron structure between the drivers cabin and
the load
to stop the inertial movement of the heavy load
towards the driver when the lorry is brought to a halt
suddenly.


Negative effect of INERTIA
If the car crashes while
travelling, the inertia of
the passengers causes
them to continue in
motion.
This is a dangerous
situation.
Upon impact the
passengers will crash into
parts of the car
immediately in front of
them and suffer injuries
Ways to reduce the negative effects of inertia.
(a) Wearing safety belts when driving.
(b) An air begs is fitted inside the steering wheel. It
provides a cushion to prevent the driver from hitting
the steering wheel or dashboard during a collision.
(c) The oil tank of an oil tanker lorry is usually divided
into a few smaller compartments so that the effects
of inertia can be reduced.