Advanced Digital Image Processing

Lecture #4

Dr. Md. Hasanuzzaman

Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Dhaka University

July 23, 2007

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 Contents

 Color Coordinate System

 Color Conversion System

 Color Based Segmentation

 Line and Edge Detection

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 Color Coordinate Systems

 CIE spectral primary system RGB

 YIQ (NTSC transmission system)
 HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value)
 L*a*b* (brightness, red-green content, yellow-
blue content)

*CIE=Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage

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 YIQ Components
 Y=Luminance Component
 I,Q=Chrominance components

 Y, I, Q are different for different persons

skin colors.

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 RGB to YIQ Conversion
• RGB images converted to YIQ color coordinate
systems using linear transformation matrix

Y   0.299 0.587 0.114   R 

 I    0.596 0.274 0.322  G 
    
Q   0.211 0.523 0.312   B 
Example: Y=0.299R+0.587G+0.114B
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 Y-component

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 I-component

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 Q-component

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 Segmentation Using Person
Specific Skin-color Information
 This method uses different threshold values for
the YIQ components for different persons.
 The thresholds are predetermined for each
person in the training phase
 After identifying the person, these values are
used to segment skin regions

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 Results of Skin Region Segmentation

Without person-specific skin-color thresholds

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 Results of Skin Region Segmentation

Using person-specific skin-color thresholds

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 Example of Color-Based
Face Detection

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 Example of Face Detection (1)

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 Example of Face Detection (2)

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 HSV Color Coordinates

 Hue (H) is the attribute of visual sensation that

corresponds to color perception associated with
the dominant colors
 saturation (S) implies the relative purity of the
color content
 value (V) measures the brightness of a color

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 HSV Color Coordinates
 1  ( R  G )  ( R  B) 
 1 2 
H 1  cos  , (1)
 ( R  G ) 2  ( R  B )(G  B ) 
 

H  360  H 1 ;
max( R , G , B )  min( R, G , B )
S  ,
max( R, G , B )
max( R, G , B )
V  , ( 2)
255

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 Example of Hand-Gesture
Recognition

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 Edge Detection

Edges often occur at points where there is a large variation in

the luminance values in an image, or occluding boundaries, of the
objects in a scene.

However, large luminance changes can also correspond to

surface markings on objects.

Points of tangent discontinuity in the luminance signal (rather

than simple discontinuity) can also signal an object boundary in
the scene
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 Example of Edge Detection (2)

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 List of Reference Books

 Rafael C. Gonzalez, “Digital Image Processing”.

 Anil K. Jain, “Fundamental of Digital Image
Processing”.
 Dana H. Ballard, “Computer Vision”
 David H. Hubel, “Eye, Brain, and Vision”
 Dwayne Phillips, “Image Processing in C”

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 End of Today’s Lecture

Questions?

Thanks to all!

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