AND IOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES 5 VARIOUS VIEWS OF NATURE OF MEN The Nature of Human from Biological Perspective socio-biologists Nature of Men from Islamic View Nature of Men from Christianity view Nature of Men from Buddhism and Hinduism Views DEFINITION OF HUMAN NATURE Oxford Dictionary: The general psychological characteristics, feelings, and behavioural traits of humankind, regarded as shared by all humans.
Every human has different characteristics and behavior . Different skills and ability that can be enhanced. According to Dr. Montessori All humans have certain tendencies or behavior patterns and desire. Have tendency to act compassionately, show care and concern Desires present in all aspects of life but it appear differently according to age.
THE NATURE OF HUMAN FROM BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE SOCIO-BIOLOGISTS Socio- biologists believe that humans behaviours are based on genetic order through evolution. Complex interaction between the genes give human the tendency to become cruel or loving, patient or not, religious or not, confident or otherwise and the list goes on. It also depends on how we are taught during childhood. Thus, it can be concluded that nature of man from the biological perspective involves the genetic factor(nature) and nurture.
GENERALLY Human nature is affected by Nature Nurture THE BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE:
NATURE GENETIC FACTOR
1. We can observe certain genetic factor through ones behaviours that specifically focused on the society itself. Examples: Physical size of the individual (height and weight) In certain condition, the usual behavior owned by the parents also appeared in their child. Nature Genetic Factor Genetic Factor Nature of man also influence individual differences Genetic affects individual from these three basic aspects:
A. Cognitive B. Physical C. Emotional
GENETIC DIFFERENCE: COGNITIVE Born with superior intelligent that differentiates us from other living things. However, each individual have different mentality. Some are creative and genius while some are full of curiosity and desire. Each individual have different level of intelligence.
GENETIC DIFFERENCE: PHYSICAL Different kinds of physical characteristics. Example: Difference in sex Body size Hair Colour Height
GENETIC DIFFERENCE: EMOTIONAL Born with various emotions that lead to the ability to have feelings. Different feelings and emotions
BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES:
NURTURE ( ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES) NURTURE We are exposed to the surrounding at the moment we born. We learn things from our surrounding Examples: Walking Speaking Running
All of these action and behavior are learned from our surrounding without we realizing it. ASPECTS THAT INFLUENCE HUMAN DISPOSITION: Nurture Family Background Peers influences Teachers and school Technology Cultures and Beliefs ASPECT 1: FAMILY BACKGROUND Early education from the parents Home Environment Communication among the family members ASPECT 2: PEERS INFLUENCE Selection of the appropriate peers
Good friends can help us to develop good manner
Increase the positive values ASPECT 3: TEACHERS AND SCHOOL Teachers efficiency during their teaching process Role Model Friends who are supportive and helpful ASPECT 4: TECHNOLOGY Information from printed and electronic media The frequent usage of technology such as the Internet ASPECT 5: CULTURE AND BELIEFS Religious practices Ceremony which involves culture BACK WHAT IS RELIGION? Well, it is a guidance, and practice based on teaching. It is a way of life. It helps the society to a better and satisfying path of perfection! DIFFERENT BELIEFS Islam Christian Buddha Hindu
ISLAMS PERSPECTIVE IN NATURE OF HUMAN Al-Ghazali stated that It is a human nature to know Allah SWT (God) in order to know themselves and become an obedient follower. In Islam, human are made up of clay/soil and spirit These are all stated in the Al-Quran in verses as stated below Ar-Rahman, ayat 14 He created man (Adam) from sounding clay like the clay of pottery. (14) Al-Hijr, ayat 28-29 And recall what time thy Lord said unto the angels: verily I am about to createa man from ringing clay of loam moulded. (28) Then when I have formed him and breathed into him of My Spirit fall down unto him prostrate. (29)As-sajadah, ayat 7 Ash-shaffaat, ayat 11 Then ask them (i.e. these polytheists, O Muhammad SAW): "Are they stronger as creation, or those (others like the heavens and the earth and the mountains) whom We have created?" Verily, We created them of a sticky clay. (11) HUMAN BEING FORMATION BASED ON ISLAMIC TEACHING Nutfah Semen & ovum Alaqah Formation of a clot of blood Mudghah Formation of meat Idzam Bones are formed Lahman Meat that covers the bone CONTINUATION OF HUMAN BEING FORMATION BASED ON ISLAMIC TEACHING
Foetus Fully formed foetus Soul is blown It is blown into the foetus until the time for birth BACK CHRISTIANITY Nature of Man The origin of man God created man in his own image God creation was good Creation of man is special THE ORIGIN OF MAN According to the Old Testament, the first human, Adam, was formed from the dust of the ground. Genesis 2:7: And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being. GOD CREATED MAN IN HIS OWN IMAGE(GEN 1:26-27) GOD CREATION WAS GOOD God says good (Genesis 1:25) CREATION OF MAN WAS SOMETHING SPECIAL In the image of God Whose life upon Him Image of man as capacity to reflect God(in the terms of righteousness ,holiness) not possess by animal BACK ATURE OF EN IEW FROM THE UDDHISM PERSPECTIVE NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE 5 Aggregates ( Khandas) Physical form (rupa) Feelings (vedana) Idealogy (sanna) Mental formations (Sankhara) Consciusness (Vinnana) NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE A person is a "self" in that he or she is a true subject of moral action and karmic accumulation, but not in the sense that he or she has an enduring or unchanging soul. NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE Fundamental of Buddhism Change Causes and Effect Selfishness and sufferings/Karma Nirvana NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE BUDDHISM PERSPECTIVE Additional note : Buddhists believe that life is filled with pain, and pain is caused by desires. Through enlightenment one can reach the absence of pain- Nirvana. Buddhism is a dharmic, non-theistic religion. Buddhism is also known as Buddha Dharma or Dhamma, which means the "teachings of the Awakened One. Buddhism was founded around the fifth century by Siddhartha Gautama, hereafter referred to as "the Buddha".
NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM PERSPECTIVE Human nature and Purpose of Existence Path of action Path of Knowledge Path of Devotion NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM PERSPECTIVE Hinduism Monoteisme Advaita Vedanta Birth and life is viewed as torture and suffering. - free of their suffering -when their soul dies, it will be united with god NATURE OF MEN: A VIEW FROM THE HINDUISM PERSPECTIVE Additional notes: Some Hindus believe in one God (Brahman) some believe in a holy trinity (Brahma,Vishnu,Shiva) some believe in a whole host of gods and goddesses, some are even atheists. Hinduism provides a vast body of scriptures. Divided as revealed and remembered and developed over millennia, these scriptures expound on a broad of range of theology, philosophy and mythology, providing spiritual insights and guidance on the practice of dharma (religious living). APPROVED BY: SIRIM