ENGINEERING MECHANICS

JATIN PATEL
LECTURER,
SCHOOL OF PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY, RAISAN,
GANDHINAGAR
Course No.: ESH110T
Course Title: Engineering Mechanics
Credits: 7 credits (3 L +1 T)
Faculty: Jatin Patel

Course contents
Fundamental of Statics:
Principles of statics, coplanar, concurrent and
non-concurrent, parallel and non parallel
forces, composition and resolution of forces,
moments and couples-their properties.
Combination of coplanar couples and forces,
equilibrant, equilibrium, free body diagrams,
analytical conditions of equilibrium of
coplanar force systems.
Course contents
Truss:
Simple determinate plane trusses and analysis
for member forces using methods of joints
and methods of sections..
Laws of friction:
Wedge, inclined plane, screw and screw jack,
Belt friction, collar friction
Course contents
Distributed forces, center of gravity and
moment of inertia:
Center of gravity of different sections used in
engineering, Moment of inertia of plane
figures, polar moment of inertia, moment of
inertia of rigid bodies, laminate and composite
sections
Course contents
Virtual work and potential energy principles:
Application of these principles as replacement
of equation of statics for real life problems
Kinetics of particles:
D Alemberts principle for translation and
curvilinear motion, work and energy methods
related to engineering systems, Linear motion,
circular motion, rotation and translation,
displacement, velocity and acceleration time
diagrams.
Course contents
Vibrations:
Mechanical vibration of single degree of
freedom system
F.P. Beer and E.R. Johnston, Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics
and Dynamics, Fifth edition, McGraw Hill.
D.J. McGill and W.W. King, Engineering Mechanics: an Introduction to
Dynamics, Third edition, PWS Publishing.
J.L. Meriam and L.G. Kraige, Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics,
Fourth edition, Wiley.
W.F. Riley and L.D. Sturges, Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics,
Second edition, Wiley.
A. Bedford and W. Fowler, Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics,
Addison-Wesley.
S. B. Junarkar & H. J. Shah, Applied Mechanics, Charotar Publication
Recommended books:
Instructions
Minimum 80% attendance is necessary for the course.
20% includes all types of leaves.
Absence in any examination (i.e. mid semester exam.,
end semester exam.) will be evaluated as zero mark
for that particular examination irrespective of any
reasons.
Evaluation
Mid semester examination 40 %
End semester examination 60 %
Fundamentals of Engineering Mechanics
Imagine the following situations:
(a) You have to design a car, which can run at a
speed of 140 km/hr on an expressway. In
order to do this, you have to find engine
power and the forces acting on the car
body. Forces will come due to wind
resistance, rolling resistance and inertia.
(b) A nozzle issues a jet of water with a high
velocity, which impinges upon the blades
of turbine. The blades deflect the jet of
water through an angle. You have to find
out the force exerted by the jet upon the
turbine.
To deal with above situations, you need to study
ENGINEERING MECHANICS.
We study engineering mechanics to develop the
capacity to predict the effects of force on
motion while carrying out the creative design
functions of engineering.
We can define mechanics as the physical
science which deals with the effects of forces
on objects.
We shall follow continuum hypothesis while studying
mechanics. A hypothetical continuous distribution of
matter is called continuum.

This course will act as a foundation for fluid mechanics
and solid mechanics courses. There, we deal with
deformable bodies. In this course, we will be studying the
behavior of rigid bodies under forces.
Rigid body: A body is considered rigid when the
changes in distance between any two of its
points is negligible in case of external
force/pressure.
The mechanics of rigid body:
(1) Statics (2) Dynamics

Deformable body: A body is considered
deformable when the changes in distance
between any two of its points cannot be
neglected.

Some fundamental Definitions:
Space: It is a geometric region occupied by bodies
whose positions are described by linear and angular
measurements relative to coordinate system.

Time: It is a measure of the succession of events and
is a basic quantity in dynamics.

Force : Force is the action of one body on another. A
force tends to move the body in the direction of its
action. The action of a force is characterized by its
magnitude, by the direction of its action and by its
points of application.

Particle: A particle is a body of negligible
dimensions. Any element of a body may be
treated as a particle when its dimensions are
irrelevant to the description of its position or
the action of forces applied on it.
Scalar quantities : These are the quantities
characterized by only magnitude, such as
mass, temperature.
Vector quantities : These are the quantities
characterized by magnitude and direction,
such as velocity, force. We will indicate vector
quantities by boldfaced letters.


Concurrent forces: Two or more forces are said
to be concurrent at a point if their lines of
action intersect at that point. The below Fig.
shows 3 concurrent forces.
Laws of Mechanics:
Newton's three laws form a part of foundation
of mechanics. These are:

First law: Every object in a state of uniform
motion tends to remain in that state motion
unless an external force is applied to it.

This law is also called law of inertia.

Second law: The change of motion is
proportional to the natural force impressed
and is made in a direction of the straight line
in which the force is impressed.

Mathematically, this law is stated as:
F = m a
where F is the applied force, m is the mass and a
is the acceleration.
Note, that force and acceleration are vectors
and are indicated in boldface letters.

Third law : For every action, there is an equal
and opposite reaction .



Law of gravitational attraction : Two particles
will be attracted towards each other along
their connecting line with a force whose
magnitude is directly proportional to the
product of the masses and inversely
proportional to the distance squared between
the particles.


where G is called the universal
gravitational constant.

Parallelogram law: The forces could be combined by
representing them by arrows to some suitable scale,
and then forming a parallelogram in which the
diagonal represents the sum of the two forces. In
fact, all vectors must combine in this manner.




For example if P and Q are two forces, the resultant R
can be found by constructing the parallelogram.

Triangle law: If the two forces acting
simultaneously on a body are represented by
the sides of a triangle taken in order, then
their resultant is represented by the closing
side of the triangle in the opposite order.
Basic Quantities
Length, Mass, Time, Force
Units of Measurement
m, kg, s, N (SI, Int. System of Units)

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SI_prefix
Source: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html

Source: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html

Source: http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html

Exercise
Ex:1 Show that the units MPa and N/mm
2
are
numerically same.
Ex:2 Determine your weight in Newton.
Ex:3 From the gravitational law, calculate the weight
W of an 80-kg man in a space craft travelling in a
circular orbit 250 km above the earths surface.
Take G = 6.673X10
-11
N.m2/kg
2
, Earth radius,
R=6.371x10
6
m and mass of the earth,
M=5.976x10
24
kg
Ex:4 Compute the magnitude F of the force
which the sun exerts on the earth. Perform
the calculations in Newtons. Take G =
6.673X10
-11
N.m2/kg
2
, Earth radius,
R=6.371x10
6
m and mass of the earth,
M=5.976x10
24
kg, mean distance between
earth and sun = 149.6x10
6
km, mean
diameter of the sun = 1392000 km