CAPSTONE REPORT

TOPIC: LEFT HAND DRIVE HYBRID

ELECTRICAL CAR (MONSTER 800)
MONSTER 800
INTRODUCTION
Our aim or goal was to make a car which can run without
consumption of any kind of fuel that is Petrol or Diesel that is
basically to prepare a Hybrid car.
Hybrid basically means a creature or machine combining body
parts of two or more species.
A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle using more than one power
source or an engine sourced from a different chassis.
The key benefit of Full Hybrid cars is that they generate
significantly less air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
than other vehicles. That means they are better for the
environment.
Hybrid Electric vehicle
Hybrid Electric vehicle is a vehicle which uses both
internal combustion and electric power sources. The
presence of the electric power train is intended to achieve
either better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle or
better performance or better performance.

Basically a hybrid car or hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle
which relies not only on batteries but also on an internal
combustion engine which drives a generator to provide the
electricity and may also drive the wheel directly.



FULL HYBRID
Full hybrid sometimes also called a strong hybrid, is a
vehicle that can run on just the engine, just the batteries, or
a combination of both.
The term most commonly refers to hybrid electrical
vehicle (HEVs), which combine an internal combustion
engine and one or more electrical motor.
As an example for hybrid,a mo-ped (a motorized pedal bike) is
a type of hybrid because it combines the power of a gasoline
engine with the pedal power of its rider, most of
the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric
hybrids.
1. Left hand drive
2. 2 Seated Car
3. 4 x 4 System
4. Mirror Roof
5. Hybrid Electric Car
6. Powerful Alternator
7. Leaf Spring Suspension
8. Rear Jumpers
This car possesses following
features:-
9. Concept of windmill used for generation of electricity
10. AC power source available for house hold or any other use.



OVERVIEW OF WORK
1. Making a left hand driven car:-
Cars in India are right hand drive. We have added an extra
feature to our car by making it a left hand drive car which
makes it quite different from other cars. opened the Dashboard
and kept it on one side then we removed the front Bonnet for
easy work flow. Then we removed the steering wheel. Now the
actual work starts. Now we went down where race pedal,
clutch and brake pedal are placed gets connected to the engine.
We unscrewed all these pedals and kept this aside. Now it was
time to remove the steering rod. After removing all the
assembly we kept it at some safe place and then went to other
side that is front left hand side.



There we made 3 holes with a cutter and the holes were of size
similar to size of those pedals so that we can place all the right
hand side pedals here. We also made one hole from where we
passed the steering rod. Basically this steering rod goes and
connects with the axle so earlier when it was right hand driven
there were all these rods present, we changes the position of
this rod towards right hand side.
Then here we got a problem as we made it towards left so one
of rod went small, so here we made a nut joint by adding a rod
in between. This rod goes and gets connected to a pinion teeth
which were towards right. We used the same but then we got a
problem, whenever we use to turn our steering right the tyres
were turning left that is motion was opposite it was due to this
the movement of rod around teeth so to our come this we made
a new piece of this which was consisting of straight teeth. This
time it was perfect. The motion of handle was same as that of
tyres.
Left Hand Drive
OVERVIEW OF WORK continued..
Mirror roof :-
To make our car look different we decided to place a mirror
roof on place of simple roof. For that we used a cutter to cut
the whole roof, but before cutting we put a margin of 1.5 inch
all around the roof. This wide plate of roof was left because it
will be acting as a place where we will be placing our mirror.
By using cutter we got the required piece. Now it was time to
place a mirror. Here we got a difficulty as to place which
mirror because if we will be placing a simple mirror it can be
easily broke.
So we took the help of internet and fount the one of the hardest
mirror which is toughen so we went and order to make a glass
of 47.5 inch from side and 48.5 inch from centre that is to
make it little curved with a width of 34.5 inch. After our glass
was ready we brought it to our service place and installed this
mirror our the roof of our car with the help of Celent. Then we
allowed the celent to dry for 1 night

Mirror roof
We have removed the shocker suspension and replaced it with
Leaf spring suspension for better and comfortable drive.
Leaf Spring Suspension
OVERVIEW OF WORK continued..
Attaching a differential :-
A differential gear is an arrangement of beveled gears in such a
manner such that the input torsion is taken up by a ring gear
and distributed equally through two planetary gears to the side
gears which drive the shafts on either side.
While following a curved path, the inner wheel covers a
shorter distance than the outer wheel.
By using the differential gear system, torque is split by the
differential gears into two components such that the outer
wheel spins at greater angular momentum than the inner
wheel. This eliminates slippage of the wheels and strain on the
axle
Differential
4 x 4 system
This car possesses 4x4 feature which makes it totally different
We have the control to use the front wheel or to make it rear
wheel drive.


OVERVIEW OF WORK continued..
Attaching a motor :-
We have couple the differential with a motor. Here we are
using a DC motor of 4 HP with a diameter of 7 inch and
require 24 volt to operate. We have welded this motor with the
differential so that it can be coupled easily. To control the
speed of motor we have used a clutch whose function is to stop
converting the rotatory motion of motor in translatory motion
of the vehicle. It makes the motor just spin but does not allow
the car to move from its place. As we press the lever down
that is release the clutch the rotatory motion of motor is
being converted into translatory motion that is car start
moving forward.

Motor

Calculations
TO calculate the size of motor
P=2NT/60 --------------------------------------------- 1
Where
N= number of rotation of wheel in rpm
T=torque
Now We know that
U= D N / 60
That is
N=60 x U / x D -------------------------------------------- 2
D here is diameter of wheel rim that is 30 cm=0.3 m
U here is the speed which we have supposed to be 60km/hr=60
x 1000/3600 m/sec= 16.66 m/sec= U

Also T=Force x R ----------------------------------------------- 3

Force here is F= m x g
M here is mass which we have supposed to be 800 kg
G= acceleration due to gravity=9.8 m/sec^2
R= radius of motor= 3.3 cm= 3.3/100 m= 0.033m
Now let us calculate the size of motor required.

Power for running Motor(r)
Power to derive motor is been given by 3 sources which are as
follows:-
Through electricity
Through wind energy that is through air
Through Alternator
Through Electricity(r)
to run our motor we are using 2 batteries eac of 12 volt. We
have connected them in series as we require 24 volts. These
batteries give 180 ampere of current.
Now to charge these batteries we are using three system first
is through electricity.
We have connected the batteries with an Inverter which we are
using to charge the batteries. When ever our car is not in use we
can connect it to normal electric supply and charge the
batteries. The charging socket is been given on the left hand
side of the rear bumper.
Through Alternator(r)

An alternator is an electromechanical device that converts
mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating
current.
Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a
stationary armature but occasionally, a rotating armature is used
with a stationary magnetic field; or a linear alternator is used.
In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an
alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines
driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An
alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is
called amagneto.

Alternators are used in modern automobiles to charge
the battery and to power the electrical system when
its engine is running
Similarly we have used alternator of 60 amp which is
charging our batteries when we are running our car on
engine.

AC Power Output(r)
Our car has a special feature that it supplies 220 volt of AC
current which we can use for house hold purpose or during
time of emergency.
For this feature we have taken connection from inverter and we
have placed a socket on the rear left hand side bumper. This
socket supplies direct 220 volt which can be used for any
purpose. This current is always available, it doesn't matter
whether we are charging the batteries or not.

Through Wind energy(K)
To charge our car batteries we have used the wind that is the air
as second power source. We have used the concept of Windmill.
For this we have attached two fans with 5 blades on each on
the front bumpers, when these fans rotates, they start producing
current because we know when ever coil rotates between
permanent magnet it produces current. In this manner the
current is being produced. This current we are using to charge
our batteries. To stop the back flow of current we have used a
Zenier diode.
The fans start rotating as soon as the car crosses the speed of
30 KM/Hr.
Scope of the project(K)
The main scope of our project was to make a car which can
solve the problem of fuel as the fuel prices are rising day by
day and also it is limited plus the gases it release is dangerous
to environment. So basically to make a car which is highly
economical or has high efficiency and is eco-friendly that
is does not have any harm to the environment. Through
this project we can also have knowledge about the engine and
its working practically and the condition and working of a
Hybrid car.
This car has so many plus points and it is also so cheap that it
is easily affordable if it comes to the market.
Also this is eco-friendly vehicle.
Gives AC power supply
Works without fuel
Have a 4x4 system

Advantages it offers(v)
Conclusion(o)
HYBRID CAR: -The hybrid car that we have made uses both
internal combustion and electric power source. This car of ours
can solve environmental pollution problem as this car is an eco
friendly car.
4x4 function: - Our car has power in its all the 4 wheels i.e., it
is basically a 4x4 car.
Left hand drive:- Our car is a left hand drive car.

AC Source :- Our car also has a feature to supply AC
power to any household thing or anything which works on
AC power source like fan, light etc.
Mirror roof :- At place of simple ordinary roof, we have
added a mirror roof which makes it quite different from
others.