Digestive

tract
 Dark C
Taste pore

Light C

Taste bud
 circumvallated
papillae （ HE ）

filiform and fungiform

papillae （ HE ）
 Foliate papillae-taste bud
（ HE ）

Tongue foliate papillae

（ HE ） Taste pore
● mucous membrane of tongue
Lingual papillae: filiform,
fungiform & circumvallated.
Tast bud: dark C, light C &
basal C.
 General structure of the wall
1.mucosa:
– epithelium:
– Lamina propria:
– Muscularis mucosa:
2.submucosa:
3.Muscularis externa:
4.adventitia:
 1Epi. 4sub
mucosa
2lamina
propria 4esophageal
glands
3 muscula
ris mucosa
5inner
6 adven circular M
titia 5outer longi
tudinal M
Esophagus （ HE ）
 epithelium

Esophageal
gland

Esophagus
 Esophagus
1.mucosa:
● Epi.: stratified squamous. Non-keratinized
● lamina propria: CT.
● muscularis mucosa: boudles of SMC.longitudinal

2.sbumucosa: esophageal glands, mucous.

3.muscularis: inner circular, outer
longitudinal
upper1/3: skeletal M.
middle: mixed.
Lower1/3: smooth M.
4.adventitia: fibrosa.
Stomach
fundus
 Stomach
• mucosa:
– Simple columnar Epi.: surface mucous cell
– Lamina propria: gastric pit, gastric glands
– Muscularis mucosa: inner circular, outer
longitudinal.
• submucosa: LCT.
• muscularis: inner oblique, middle circular,
outer longitudinal.
• Adventitia: serosa.
 fundic glands

location ： lamina
propria
compositions ：
1.Chief C
2.Parietal C
3.Neck mucous C
4.Endocrine C
5.Stem C
Chief cells
• LM:
– Lower columnar;
Secretory
granule
– basophilic;
– Nucleus located in the lower parts.
– Secretory granules. nucleus
• EM:
– Gol , Apical of the nucleus;
– mit. & rER ,basal part of cytoplasm;
– Secretory granules, apical of cytoplasm.
rER
• Function : pepsinogen
 Parietal cells
microvilli
• LM:
– C large ， cone-shaped or round.
– acidophilic.
– Nucleus is round ,centrical.
• EM
– Introcellularnucleus
secretory canaliculi &
microvilli.
– Tubulovesicular system.
Introcellular canaliculi
– Mit. are abundant. Mitochondria
• functions:
– Hcl & intrinsic factor.
 small intestine

duodenum jejunum ileum

 Central 1 striated
lacteal border
1 absorbtive C

SMC 2 goblet C

Cap.

5 stem C
Intestinal
gland
3 Paneth C
4 endocrine C
 villi

folds
submucosa

muscularis
adventitia
Intestinal villi
 microvilli
（ striated border ）
 Small intestine
• mucosa:
– Epi.: simple columnar, absorbtive
C + goblet C.
– Lamina propria: small intestinal
gland ,central lacteal.
– Muscularis mucosa: inner circular,
outer longitudinal.
villi: the finger-like processes
composed of epithelium layer and lamina
propria protruding into the lumen .
• submucosa
– The duodenal gland, mucosa.
Circular folds: mucosa&submucosa
protruding into the lumen .
Appears as processes.
• muscularis: inner circular,outer
longitudinal .
• adventitia: serosa.
 @@@@@small intestinal gland
• Absorbtive C
• Goblet C
• Endocrine C
• Stem C
• Paneth C
– LM: the base of gland. arranged in
groups of 3-5 cells .
in the apex, coarse acidophilic
granules.
– EM: protein-secreting cell.
– functions: produce lysozyme.
Large
intestinal
 Epi.

Large intestinal gland

（ goblet C ）

Lamina propria

Muscularis mucosa

Mucosa of large intestine （ HE ）

 Large intestine
• mucosa: no villi ,no circular folds.
– Simple columnar Epi.: abundant
goblet C.
– Lamina propria: large intestinal
glands, no paneth C.
– Muscularis mucosa:
 appendix

•No villi,
intestinal gland
Is scanty.
•Lamina propria:
abundant LT.
•Serosa
 The comparisons between mucosa
of variant digestive tract （ 1 ）

Small Large
esophagus stomach intestine intestine

surface Gastric
villus
pit
Striated Simple Simple Simple
columnar
Epi. squamous columnar Striated border
Columnar
Goblet C
Goblet C
abundant
 The comparisons between mucosa
of variant digestive tract （ 2 ）
esophagu stomach Small Large
s intestine intestine
Lam No glands Gastric Small Large
ina gland intestinal intestinal
pro
pria
gland gland
No L No L nodule L nodule L nodule
nodule abundant
lacteal
Fundic gland of stomach: chief , parietal, neck mucous , endocrine,
stem C.
Small intestinal gland: absorbtive, goblet, paneth, endocrine, stem
C.
Large intestinal gland: absorbtive, goblet, endocrine, stem C.
 Key points

• Structure characteristics of
variant digestive tract. The
similar and the different.
• Esp, the variance of tunica
mucosa. Such as , the villi
and the glands.