Psychoanalytic

Psychology
Freud
Freud & Psychoanalysis
Why important?
Developed 1
st
theory of personality
Ideas still widely used
Ideas permeate modern culture
Whats the real reason you did that?
Hes all messed up because of the way that his parents
treated him when he was little.
Shes got too much invested in him to walk out now
Asked important questions
Psychoanalysis
Ideas underlying the theory
1. Psychic determinism
2. Internal structure of the mind
3. Unconscious processes
4. Psychic conflict of the mind
5. Psychic energy fuels the mind
Levels of Consciousness
1. Conscious mind
2. Preconscious mind
3. Unconscious mind
Psychic Energy
Homeostasis
Balance
Instincts
Aim, pressure, object, source
Basic Instincts
Libido: life, sex
Thanatos: death, aggression
Structure of the mind:
Id, Ego, Superego
Id (It)

Ego (I)

Superego (Over-I)
Personality &
Behavior
Id
Superego
Ego
Anxiety
Danger
Three types
Reality Anxiety
Neurotic Anxiety
Moral Anxiety

Defense Mechanism
Reduce anxiety

Ego can search for long-term solution

Problems:
Not useful long-term
Dont solve problem
Defense Mechanisms
Denial
That cant be true
Repression
Out of sight, out of mind
Reaction Formation
Expressing the opposite reaction
Projection
Pointing the finger at others
More Defense Mechanisms
Displacement
Finding a safe and easy target
Regression
Acting like a baby
Rationalization
Saving face by using logic
Sublimation
Turning bad into good

Stages of Development
Theory of personality development
Physical focus erogenous zone
Theme
Fixation
Regression
Adult Character Type
Stages of Development
Oral Stage 0-18 months

Babies cant do much besides
use their mouth
Physical Focus: Mouth
Theme: Dependency
Adult Type: Overly independent
or overly needy
Stages of Development
Anal Stage
18 months 3 years

Child begins to learn to
control things
Physical Focus: Anus
Theme: Self-control,
obedience
Adult Type: Rigid or anti-
authority

Phallic Stage
3-5 years

Boys and girls learn
about physical
differences
Physical Focus: Penis
Theme: Sexual Identity;
Identification
Adult Type: Extreme
sexual behavior

Stages of Development
Latency Stage
6 years puberty (13)

Little psychological
development
Learning skills

Genital Stage
Puberty onward

Develop mature attitude
about sex
Physical Focus: Genitals
Theme: Creation,
Enhancement of Life
Adult Type: Well-
adjusted and balanced
The essence of mental
health is the ability to love
and work.

Psychosexual Development
Age Theme Fixated Adult
Oral
0
18 months
Dependency Overly
independent or
overly needy
Anal
18 months 3
years
Self-Control Rigid or anti-
authority
Phallic
3 - 7 years Sexual
identity
Promiscuous or
nonsexual
Latency
7 12 years Nothing happens
Genital
12 years - Maturity, Adult
Relationships
Non-
heterosexual
relationships
Psychoanalysis
The Talking Cure
Goal is to make the unconscious
conscious
Free association
Dream analysis
Projective techniques
Evaluating Freuds Theory
Strengths
Comprehensive theory
Unconscious
Criticisms
Difficult to disprove
No free will? Change?
Sexist?
Emphasis on sexual drives inappropriate?
Heterosexuality emphasized
Pessimistic