Paint Defects 1

(1) Cratering
(2) Dust (nibs)
(3) Orange peel
(4) Sagging
(5) Poor opacity

Cratering / Fish-eyes
Cratering and Fish-eyes occurs partly on the paint surface, and the film becomes uneven.
Cratering
(phenomenon from base material)
Fish-eyes
(phenomenon in paint film layer)
Cratering / Fish-eyes (cause-result analysis chart)
Cratering
Application work
Paint / Putty
Drying
Others
Poor drying of putty
Thick application of lacquer type putty
Insertion of polyester putty between lacquer
paint films
Too thick application of excessively diluted
paints
Strong dissolvability of topcoat paint.
Absorptive putties
Excessive adding of non-blushing
thinner
Poor sanding of putty
Cratering / Fish-eyes
Measures
Precautions
Remedy
Most of the troubles can be
resolved by avoiding the factors
Slight fish-eyes shall be repaired with dry mist spraying.
Large sized (cratering) shall be abraded off
completely after drying, and repaint.
Circumstances
Facility & Equipment
Application work
Materials
Dust (Nibs)
Popping appears on the film surface.
Popping
Dust (cause-result analysis chart)
Dust
Facility & Equipment Materials
Circumstances Application works
Insufficient cleaning of
the painting work floor
Dusty working clothes
Insufficient filtration of paint
Shortage of booth air pressure
Defects of booth filters
Insufficient cleaning of spray guns
Defects of air cleaner
Insufficient cleaning of car body
Trash of masking papers (newspapers, etc)
Insufficient cleaning of spray gun
Dust (Nibs)
Measures
Precautions
Remedy
Keep painting area clean, and free from trashes and dusts.
Wear anti-dust working clothes, and use proper masking
paper and tapes.
Abrade off small nibs with a knife or grinding stone, and
polish it up with compounds
Prevent working area from floating dusts by watering the
floor before painting.
Orange peel
Paint surface become uneven like orange peel.
Orange peel (cause-result analysis chart)
Orange peel
Circumstances
Application works
Materials Facility & Equipment
Low liquidity of paint
High temperature
Too fast blowing speed
High temperature of car body
Thin paint film
Low spray pressure
Insufficient spraying emission volume
Too fast gun speed
Too long spray gun distance
Too high viscosity of thinner
Too quick evaporation of thinner
Too big size of spray gun nozzle
(insufficient atomization of the paint)
Defects of spray pattern
(insufficient cleaning of spray gun)
Orange peel
Measures
Precautions
Remedy
Slow evaporation speed of solvent
Maintain liquidity of paint
Apply water sanding (#800#1000), and polish up
gradually with compounds (MediumFineExtra fine).
Decrease viscosity of paint.
Sagging
Substrate
Paint film
Paint film partly becomes too thick and the paint sags.
Sagging (cause-result analysis chart)
Sagging
Application work Circumstances
Materials
Facility & Equipment
Too slow evaporation of thinner
Thick paint film
Too big size of spray gun nozzle
(insufficient atomization pf paint)
Low temperature of car body
Low temperature
Defective spray pattern
Low spray pressure
Too much spraying emission volume
Too short spray gun distance
Defective spray pattern
Too low viscosity of paint
Sagging
Measures
Precautions
Remedies
Make set-to-touch time faster
Use proper thinner to avoid excessive coating.
Overall sagging : abrade off whole area, and refinish.
Adjust spray pattern, gun distance, and gun speed to proper
level.
Slight sagging : abrade off the sagging area, then apply
compound (fineextra fine )
Poor opacity (Poor hiding power, or Lack of hiding)
The color of undercoat is not hidden caused by poor pigmentation, or insufficient film thickness
Poor pigmentation
Insufficient film thickness
Poor opacity (cause-result analysis chart)
Poor opacity
Application works
Materials
Too thin film coating
Insufficient agitation
Specific nature of tinter
Too much diluted
Lack of hiding power
Poor opacity
Measures
Precautions
Remedy
Spray paint in proper film thickness after sufficient agitation
Repaint until the undercoat is completely hidden.
Avoid excessive dilution.
Apply back-up undercoat of similar color shade in
case of poor hiding colors.