Cutaneous & Subcutaneous

Mycosis

Dr. Mejbah uddin Ahmed

 Classification
 Medical Mycoses are classified according
to the tissue levels initially colonized:
 Superficial mycoses
 Cutaneous mycoses
 Subcutaneous mycoses
 Systemic mycoses due to primary
pathogens
 Systemic mycoses due to opportunistic
pathogens
 Superficial mycoses
 Limited to the outermost layers of the skin
and hair.
 Tinea versicolor: The causative agent is
Malassezia furfur.
 Clinical feature: Commonly affect the skin of
the chest, back, upper arms and legs. The
lesions are either lighter than the skin or a
reddish-brown. It doesn't usually affect the
face.
 Cutaneous mycoses

 Localized to the epidermis, hair & nails

 Restricted to keratinized tissue
 The organisms that cause cutaneous
diseases are called dermatophytes and the
diseases are called ringworm or tinea.
 Dermatophytoses

 Dermatophytoses ( tinea, ringworm) are

chronic infection and are caused by fungi of
three genus:
Epidermophyton: Skin + nail
Trichophyton: Skin + hair + nail
Microsporum : Hair + nail
 Fungal Infection Nomenclature

 Tinea capitis- scalp.

 Tinea pedis- feet.
 Tinea unguium- nails.
 Tinea corporis- body.
 Tinea cruris- groin, or jock itch.
 Transmission: Direct contact with skin
scales.
Epidermophyton spp. Microsporum spp.

Most dermatological
fungal infections
arise from one of
three genera of fungi.

Trichophyton spp.
 Tinea pedis

 The most common

fungal infection
amongst humans.
Tinea capitis
 Tinea unguium
(Also known as onychomycosis )
Tinea corporis

Occurs all over the body.

Tinea cruris
 Subcutaneous Mycoses

 These are caused by fungi that grow in the

soil & on vegetation and are introduced into
subcutaneous tissue through trauma.
 Sporothrix schenckii: Causes local pastule or
ulcer with nodules along with the draining
lymphatics.
 Mycetoma
 Mycetoma: Is a chronic subcutaneous
infection caused by saprophytic species of
fungus or actinomycetus bacteria that
normally found on the soil.
 Organisms: Pseudallescheria boydii,
Madurella mycetomatis, Madurella grisa etc.
 Transmission: Traumatic inoculation.
 Mycetoma
 Clinical features:
 Pathology is characterized by suppuration,
abscess formation, granuloma and formation
of draining sinus.
 The process may spread to contagious
muscle and bone.
 Untreated cases may persist several years
causing deformation and loss of function.
 Mycetoma
 Lab. Diagnosis:
 Study of granules: Pigmented hyphae.
 Culture.