ENGINEERS IN SOCIETY

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Lecture by:

IR. IDRIS OTHMAN
Dept. of Civil Engineering, UTP


Topics covered
The world of project management, the
manager, the organization and the
team,
planning, budgeting, scheduling,
allocating resources,
monitoring and controlling, evaluating
and terminating,

References

1. Nicholas, J.M. Project Management for Business and
Engineering: Principles and Practice. 2
nd
Ed. Elsevier, 2004
2. Levy, S.M. Project Management in Construction
Mc Graw-Hill, New York, 4th Ed., 2002
3. Project Management Institute. A Guide to the
Project Management Body of Knowledge,
PMI, 2000
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Topics for todays
lecture
- - Definitions
- - Importance
- - Organization
- - Approaches

definitions: project
Project:
A temporary endeavor undertaken to create
a unique product or service (PMI,* 2000)
or
c.f. Operation: A permanent or semi-permanent functional
work to create the same product or service
OVER-AND-OVER again
Simply anything in which you invest time,
money and resources in hope of a return.
* Project Management Institute, U.S.A.
Characteristics of engineering projects
Have specific goals eg build a house, build a car, etc
Have a set of different activities to do e.g. in building:
piling, erect formwork, pour concrete, build brick-wall
Have a defined start & finish date (so has a life cycle)
Consume resources : e.g. people), money, materials, etc
Temporary and one-time
Often complex and fragmented (many parties involved)
Often large in size and cost,
Has risk and uncertainty
Unique in some way


Project life cycle
Defining stage
Inception, definition of project, proposal preparation
Planning Stage
Planning, organizing, design
Execution Stage
Construction or manufacturing or production
Pre-construction planning (for civil)
Delivering stage
Handing over /commissioning
Occupation / operation

definitions: project management
Project Management:
The discipline of organizing and managing resources in
such a way that these resources deliver all the works
required to complete a project within defined scope, time
and cost constraints. (BSI)
The art of directing and coordinating human and
material resources through the life of a project by using
modern management techniques to achieve pre-
determined goals of scope, cost, time, quality and
participant satisfaction (PMI, 2000) or
Pre-defined objectives
Based on the definitions, the pre-defined
objectives are

to complete the project on time,
to complete the project within budget
to complete the project with the desired quality


Importance
Why do we need to think about Project Management
Is it a MUST
Is it a REQUIREMENT
Can we do WITHOUT it
(Project Management is a field originated from
Construction Management- a knowledge developed in
Civil Engineering. Since 1969 it has diffused to other
industry e.g. agriculture, manufacturing, IT, etc).
PM is a necessity because
The inherent characteristics of engineering projects
(complex, fragmented, large in size, unique, etc)
require a systematic approach in managing the
activities and the resources

Resources e.g. time, money, materials and
manpower are limited (unlike in ancient times)
Challenge of PM
Apart from trying to achieve the 3 objectives,
the challenge of Project Management is then:
the optimized utilization, integration &
allocation of the resources (inputs) needed to
meet the pre-defined objectives
The resources are:
Time
Money
People
Materials
Energy
space
The Project Manager
From the definition of PM, Project Managers duty is
PLOC:
Planning - tactical (short term planning at PM level to satisfy
top management objectives); or operational (planning at PM
level to set schedule and standards for the works). N.B.
strategic (long term planning to set up organization, and
policies and strategies for use of resources) is done at top
management level
Organizing creating an organization or team to execute the
managerial objectives and establish how people within it relate
and interact each other
Leading - directing, motivating, specializing, communicating
Controlling measuring what is actually achieved wrt time,
cost, quality and the corrective appropriate measures taken

Organization
Organization is the creation of a control and
communication system that allows management to
achieve its objectives.
Involves the setting up a structure that defines
hierarchies, roles, authorities, control, interaction &
communications mechanisms.
No universal or standard structure for organization
must suit particular project situation
Though temporary in nature, it must also interact
with permanent external and internal organizations.
Example organization structure (site-civil project )
PM needs good organization to execute his/her duties

Approaches in project
management
1. Project Initiation Stage
2. Project Planning & Design Stage
3. Project Execution Stage
4. Project Monitoring / Control Systems
5. Project Completion
Five Components
based on the project life cycle
Thank You