PowerSystem Protection Compact Part2

ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide 1

Protection Application An Overview
Part 2A

Bapuji S Palki, INCRC/PowerTechnologies, 15-11-2!
ABB Group
Typical Parts of a Power Plant
"a#ou$s
%
Su&s$a$ion
Power plan$
Bubar in Subtation
!" # Brea$er
%ain &ran'ormer
Au(iliar) &ran'ormer
Generator Brea$er
*(citation &ran'ormer
*(citation S)tem
+ield ,ircuit Brea$er
&urbine valve
&urbine # Generator
*art-in. S)tem
Poible +ault
Stator *art- +ault
/otor *art- +ault
Stator S-ort ,ircuit
Stator0/otor 1nterturn 'ault
*(ternal 'ault
%enera$or
Pro$ec$ion
overcurrent0overload
unbalanced load
overtemperature
over# and undervolta.e
over# and undere(citation
over# and under're2uenc)
over#'lu(in.
a)nc-ronou runnin.
out o' tep
.enerator motorin.
'ailure in t-e mac-ine control )tem 3i4e4

A"/ or .overnor 'ailure5
'ailure in t-e mac-ine coolin. )tem
'ailure in t-e primar) e2uipment 3i4e4

brea$er -ead 'la-over5
open p-ae
Abnormal Operatin. ,ondition
%enera$or
Pro$ec$ion
ABB Group
T#pe o' 'aul$ (NSI )e*ice
No+
Pro$ec$ion ,unc$ions
%-N-R(T.R
ST(T.R
Shor$ Circui$s /0%
/0%T
21%
51 / 20 %
%enera$or 1i''eren$ial
.*erall 1i''eren$ial
2ini3u3 i3pe1ance 4or al$erna$i*el#
.*er curren$ / un1er *ol$age5
(s#33e$r#
S$a$or o*erloa1
-ar$h 'aul$ s$a$or
67%
51%
76%1
76%2
Nega$i*e se8uence
.*erloa1
!59 s$a$or ear$h 'aul$
19 s$a$or ear$h 'aul$
7
,ollowing are $he *arious pro$ec$ions reco33en1e1 'or $he genera$or
an1 genera$or $rans'or3er pro$ec$ion:
ABB Group
"oss o' e;ci$a$ion 6% "oss o' e;ci$a$ion
.u$ o' s$ep !/% Pole slip
2oni$oring <2% / <0% "ow 'orwar1 power / re*erse power
41ou&le pro$ec$ion 'or large genera$ors5
Bla1e 'a$igue /1% 2ini3u3 're8uenc#
In$er $urn 'aul$ !5% .*er *ol$age or o*er curren$
2ag+ Circui$s !!% .*er'lu;ing *ol$ / =>
=igher *ol$age 5!% .*er *ol$age
(cci1en$al
energisa$ion
20 / 5 % )ea1 3achine
2oni$oring 7 % PT 'use 'ailure
ABB Group
%-N-R(T.R
R.T.R
Ro$or groun1 76, Ro$or ear$h 'aul$
%-N-R(T.R
TR(NS,.R2-R
Shor$ Circui$s /0%T
51%T
/0T
.*erall 1i''eren$ial
.*ercurren$
Trans'or3er 1i''eren$ial
%roun1 'aul$ 51N%T
/0NT
-ar$h 'aul$ o*er-curren$
Res$ric$e1 ear$h 'aul$
.*erhang /0=? =? win1ing cu3 o*erhang 1i''eren$ial
@NIT (@AI"I(RB
TR(NS,.R2-R
Shor$ circui$ /0 @(T
51 @(T
Trans'or3er 1i''eren$ial
.*er-curren$
%roun1 'aul$ 51 @(T
76 @(T
Res$ric$e1 o*er-curren$
Res$ric$e1 ear$h 'aul$
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide :
1) Instruments
Field winding
ground-fault
RAGRA
(RXNB4)
64F
5!51
"nit au#$
transformer
REG 670 Diferent applications
&-e /*G 680 provide protection 'unction and

concept 'or;
&urbine 3're2uenc), revere power5
Generator 3%ain10%ain2, %ain0Bac$#up5
Generator tran'ormer0Step#up tran'ormer
Au(iliar)0Station ervice tran'ormer
*(citation tran'ormer
REG 670 provides extensive
protection and monitoring functionality
Pro$ec$ion
an1 2oni$oring
R-% 70 'ocus on $he
op$i3i>e1 in$egra$ion an1 'unc$ion
$o pro$ec$ #our genera$or
%
1p- <
=p- <
=p- 1
=p- 1
1p- <
1p- <
1p- 1
A Brea$t-rou.- 'or Subtation Automation
One world
One tec-nolo.)
One tandard
I-C 71/5
Combining the best properties in a new way...
I-C 71/5
ABB Group
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide 1=
Power tran'ormer in a power )tem
400 $" A, &ranmiion
Generation
1=0 $" Subtranmiion
>itribution
%
%"
?"
ABB Group
=1@%"A &ran'ormer
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide 1@
,oolin.

1n principle t-e lar.er t-e loe in t-e 1nner
,ircuit t-e lar.er t-e iAe o' t-e Outer ,ircuit
3cooler or radiator5
&-ere i nevert-ele a limit eit-er due to

t-e iAe o' t-e cooler or to t-e impoibilit)
o' coolin. a certain pot 3-ot#pot5 in t-e
1nner ,ircuit
A pump to move t-e oil i o'ten unnecear)4

&-e .enerated -eat will act a a ip-on
+an
opti onal
Pump
opti onal
Outer ,i rcui t 1 nner ,i rcui t
Oi l i mmered
&an$
!eat
Producti on
3,ore and
Bi ndi n.5
!eat
>i i pati on
ABB Group
&)pe o' 1nternal +ault
*art- 'ault
S-ort#circuit
1nter turn +ault
,ore +ault
&an$ +ault
/educed coolin.
ABB Group
Abnormal ,ondition
Overload
Over volta.e
/educed )tem volta.e
Over e(citation
ABB Group
Overload ,apabilit)
1t i poible to overload power tran'ormer
Older tran'ormer ma) wit-tand 140C continuoul)
Overloadin. and lo o' coolin. caue over-eatin.

ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide 1:
Protective /ela) <ed 3 &ran'ormer D @ %"A5
Ga detector rela) 3 Buc--olA5
Over load protection
&-ermal rela)
&emperature monitorin. rela)
Over current protection
Ground 'ault protection
>i''erential protection
1nterturn 'ault
Preure rela) 'or tap c-an.er
Oil level monitor

ABB Group
Protective /ela) <ed 3 &ran'ormer E @
%"A5
Ga detector rela)
Overload protection
Overcurrent protection
Ground 'ault protection

ABB Group
%onitor
%onitor are ver) important device w-ic- detect
'ault and abnormal ervice condition w-ic- ma)
develop into 'ault4
ABB Group
&ran'ormer %onitor
%ec-anical 'ault detector
Sudden .a preure protection
Buc--olA protection
Oil level monitorin.
&emperature %onitorin.
&-e oil t-ermometer
&-e windin. t-ermometer

ABB Group
Fovember 200:
| Slide 2=
&ran'ormer protection wit- 68006@0 erie
680 erie optimiAed 'or .eneration

and tranmiion application provide
veratile 'unctionalit), ma(imum
'le(ibilit) and per'ormance to meet
t-e -i.-et re2uirement o' an)
application in .eneration and
tranmiion protection )tem4
6@0 erie )our bet c-oice 'or ub#

tranmiion application provide Go''#
t-e#-el'H, read) to ue olution 'or
tran'ormer protection application
primaril) in ub#tranmiion
networ$4
1ntroduction
Trans'or3er Pro$ec$ion
68006@0 erie
Openne
and 'le(ibilit)
/eliable Operation
,omplementar)
'unctionalit)
,ontrol ,apabilitie
,ommunication
O''erin. and
application e(ample
&ec-nolo.) Summar)
/elion
I
Summar)
ABB Group
Fovember 200:
| Slide 24
+ull) compliant to t-e 1*, 619@0 tandard
<nrivalled compatibilit) 'or new and

retro'it intallation
>ei.ned 'or 1*, 619@0,

implementin. t-e core value o' t-i
tandard
*nure open, 'uture#proo' and

'le(ible )tem arc-itecture, wit-
tate#o'#t-e#art per'ormance
1nteroperate wit- ot-er 1*, 619@0

compliant 1*>
1ntroduction
?ine >itance Protection
70/75 series
/eliable Operation
,omplementar)
'unctionalit)
,ontrol ,apabilitie
,ommunication
O''erin. and
application e(ample
&ec-nolo.) Summar)
/elion
I
Summar)
ABB Group
ABB Group
&-e reactor aborb t-e capacitive power
.enerated in lon. line
ABB Group
S-unt /eactor
ABB Group
% R
A B & A B &
L
p
L
p
L
p
L
n
ABB Group
General
S-unt reactor are ued in *!" )tem to limit t-e over

volta.e due to capacitive "A/ .eneration in ?on.
&ranmiion ?ine
&-e -unt reactor are normall) connected
&-rou.- iolator to a line
&-rou.- circuit brea$er to a bubar
&-rou.- circuit brea$er to t-e tertiar) o' a 1nterconnectin.

tran'ormer

ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide =0
>i''erent location o' reactor
ABB Group
1nternal +ault
+ault occur in -unt reactor due to inulation brea$down, a.ein. o'
inulation, over-eatin. due to over e(citation, oil contamination and
lea$a.e
>r) air#core reactor
P-ae#to#p-ae 'ault , reultin. in -i.- ma.nitude p-ae current
P-ae#to#eart- 'ault ,, reultin. in a low#ma.nitude eart-#'ault

current, dependent upon t-e iAe o' t-e )tem eart-in.4
&urn#to#turn 'ault wit-in t-e reactor ban$, reultin. in a ver) mall

c-an.e in p-ae current
Oil#immered reactor
!i.- current p-ae#to#p-ae and p-ae#to#eart- 'ault4
&urn#to#turn 'ault wit-in t-e reactor windin.4
%icellaneou 'ailure uc- a lo o' coolin. or low oil

ABB Group
Abnormal ,ondition
1nru- current
1nru- current 'low in connection wit- ener.iation
1nru- current uuall) lower t-an 200C o' rated

current
&ranient overvolta.e
&emporar) overvolta.e
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide ==
S-unt /eactor Protection
>itance protection
P-ae over current protection
/etricted eart- 'ault protection
Oil temperature and windin. temperature

protection
ABB Group
%onitor
%onitor are ver) important device w-ic- detect
'ault and abnormal ervice condition w-ic- ma)
develop into 'ault4
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide =@
/eactor %onitor
Sudden .a preure protection
Buc--olA protection
Oil level monitorin.
&emperature %onitorin.
&-e oil t-ermometer
&-e windin. t-ermometer

ABB Group
Fovember 200:
| Slide =6
Shunt reactorprotection and control
Protection
P-ae e.re.ated biaed

di''erential protection
?ow impedance retricted

eart-#'ault
!i.- impedance di''erential

protection
Switc-in. control 'or line

and bue
1ntroduction
Trans'or3er Pro$ec$ion
68006@0 erie
Openne
and 'le(ibilit)
/eliable Operation
,omplementar)
'unctionalit)
,ontrol ,apabilitie
,ommunication
O''erin. and
application e(ample
&ec-nolo.) Summar)
/elion
I
Summar)
ABB Group
ABB Group
,apacitor ,ontruction
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide =:
Power Factor Correction
Power Factor Correction
JB i t-e Bor$in. Power component
$"A/ i t-e Fon# Bor$in. Power or /eactive Power component to erve inductive load, w-ic- re2uire ma.netiAin. current;
%otor, &ran'ormer, ?i.-tin. ballat
J"A i t-e &otal Power re2uired to erve a load
,apacitor uppl) t-e reactive power component
Power +actor i a meaurement o' -ow e''icientl) power i bein. ued4

Corking Power 4kC5
Reac$i*e Power 4k?(R5
ABB Group
Increased System Capacity
Increased System Capacity
B) uppl)in. reactive current 3$"A/5 cloe to t-e load, capacitor releae )tem
capacit) on t-e entire )tem and reduce cot4
Power +actor 79 09 /9 !9 19
/eal Power kC 600 600 600 600 600
/eactive Power k?(R 900 612 4@0 2:1 Kero
&otal Power k?( 1 /50 05 770 7
To$al Power 4D?(5 E Corking Power 4DC5 Power ,ac$or
*(tra capacit) 'or more J"A
release1 s#s$e3 capaci$#
ABB Group
Voltage Stability
Voltage Stability
A 'eeder circuit will -ave a volta.e drop related to t-e

impedance o' t-e line and t-e power 'actor
Addin. capacitance will actuall) caue a volta.e rie b)

uppl)in. reactive current to t-e bu
4less curren$ E less *ol$age 1rop5
ABB Group
Product
,apacitor !" Product 0 +ilter ,apacitor Ban$
1mprovin. t-e per'ormance, 2ualit)
and e''icienc) o' electrical )tem
,apacitor ban$# General
Formall) ued in %" networ$ to .enerate reactive power
Serie reactor are ued to limit inru- current
!armonic 'ilter 'or t-)ritor controlled reactor are alo

variation o' capacitor ban$ -avin. reactance tuned to
capacitance
Shun$ Capaci$ors-%eneral
S-unt ,apacitor +ault
&erminal -unt 'ault
,apacitor unit 'ailure
,apacitor unit over volta.e
,apacitor rac$ arc#over

Abnormal ,ondition
1nru- current
&ranient over volta.e
&emporar) over volta.e
Out ru- current

,apacitor Ban$ Protection
S-ort #circuit protection 3=1 DD5
Ground#'ault protection 31 5
Overload protection3=10< D5
<nder current protection 310< E5
<nbalance protection 31F#F5
ABB Group
+uin.
,apacitor +uin.
In$ernall# ,use1 -;$ernall# ,use1 In$ernal S$rings Con*en$ional
+uele
+ue
>ic-ar.e /eitor
SP(F 17 C : @n&alance , .*erloa1 an1

@n1er curren$ 'unc$ions
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide @0
Protection Application An Overview
Part 2B

Bapuji S Palki, INCRC/PowerTechnologies, 15-11-2!
ABB Group
ABB Group
&-e *lectric <tilit)
&-e *lectric <tilit)
Power -*acua$ion Su&s$a$ion
Trans3ission Su&s$a$ion
Swi$ching Su&s$a$ion
)is$ri&u$ion Su&s$a$ion
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide @=
&ranmiion ?ine
ABB Group
*lectrical 'ault in t-e power )tem
&ranmiion line 9@C
Bubar 12C
&ran'ormer0 Generator =C
19
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide @@
+ault t)pe
&ranient 'ault
are common on tranmiion line, appro(imatel) 90#9@C
li.-tnin. are t-e mot common reaon
can alo be caued b) bird, 'allin. tree, win.in. line

etc4
will diappear a'ter a -ort dead interval
Peritent 'ault
can be caued b) a bro$en conductor 'allen down
can be a tree 'allin. on a line
mut be located and repaired be'ore normal ervice

ABB Group
%eaurin. principle
P-ae comparion
>itance protection
>irectional# wave protection

ABB Group
Are normall) ued in radial networ$ wit- )tem volta.e

below 80 $" w-ere relativel) lon. operatin. time i
acceptable4
On tranmiion line directional or nondirectional over

current rela) are ued a bac$#up protection4
I G
I G I G
I G
block
ABB Group
Pilot wire di''erential protection
Pilot wire can be in oil or on tower4
&-e reitance in t-e wire will limit t-e ue on

lon.er line4 &-e ue i motl) retricted to
ditance up to 10 $m4
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide @:
>i.ital di''erential communication
Digital communication with
optical fbres or by
multiplexed channels
"1
"2
"<
>?1
>?2
>?=
>?1
>?2
>?=
ABB Group
P-ae comparion
P-ae comparion rela) compare

t-e an.le di''erence between t-e two
current at bot- end o' t-e line4
&-e meaured time 'or Aero croin.

i tranmitted to t-e ot-er end4
Formall) a tart criteria i added to

t-e p-ae an.le re2uirement4
I1I2
e
1
e
2
e
2
e1
-
>
>
I1 I2
load
I2
I2
I1
func-
tion
ABB Group
&-e principle o' ditance protection
HI
H
D
E@
k
/I
k
@
k
E
@
k
H
k
I
k
(
B
3e$allic 'aul$
ABB Group
+ault reitance
multi#p-ae 'ault
conit onl) o' arc reitance
eart- 'ault
conit o' arc and tower
'ootin. reitance
"1
"<
"<
"1
"2
"2
,oo$ing resis$ance
Rarc E
2/00 ; "
1+6
I
Carring$onJs
'or3ula
"E leng$h o' arc in
3e$ers
IE $he ac$ual 'aul$ curren$ in
(
ABB Group
>itance protection on -ort line
Luadrilateral c-aracteritic improve

enitivit) 'or -i.-er /
+
0M
+
ratio
1t till -a ome limitation;
t-e value o' et /

+
0M
+
ratio i
limited to @
jA
R A
,
R
,
ABB Group
>itance protection on lon. line
?oad impedance limit t-e reac- in

reitive direction
!i.- value o' /

+
0M
+
ratio i .enerall) not
necear)
,ircular 3m-o5 c-aracteritic
!a no trictl) de'ined reac- in

reitive direction
Feed limitation in reitive

direction 3blinder5
R
jA
ABB Group
(
HI
B
HI
HI
C
HI
$
$
l
$1
$2
$<
l
$1
$2
$<
'
1
'
2
'
<
ABB Group
/eac- ettin. o' Aone
/0 M /elation
G+, 3General +ault ,riterion5

H
"
H&
H
"
GFC
ABB Group
P"CC e8uip3en$
ABB Group
Power Swin. Bloc$in. 'unction
$
$ E 6 3s
A
R
Power swing
locus
ABB Group
Series co3pensa$e1 s#s$e3
7
,orrect direction dicrim#ination
at volta.e reveral 3ne.ative
'ault reactance5
7
variation in reulted line
impedance
Consi1era$ion 'or line
1is$ance pro$ec$ions
B (
,1
A E09
C
A E19
l
R
jA
(
B
BJ
09
19
gape no$ 'lashe1
gape 'lashe1
ABB Group
Fovember 200:
Slide 80
?ine ditance protection wit- /elion
I
68006@0 erie
+or ma(imum reliabilit) o' )our power )tem
+ull c-eme ditance protection

wit- independent p-ae election
Power win. detection
Bide ran.e o' c-eme

communication lo.ic
+ive Aone ditance protection
P-ae to p-ae
P-ae to eart- 'ault
1ntroduction
68006@0 erie
/eliable Operation
,omplementar)
'unctionalit)
,ontrol ,apabilitie
,ommunication
O''erin. and
application e(ample
&ec-nolo.) Summar)
/elion
I
Summar)
ABB Group
Fovember 200:
Slide 81
+ull) compliant to t-e 1*, 619@0 tandard
<nrivalled compatibilit) 'or new and

retro'it intallation
>ei.ned 'or 1*, 619@0,

implementin. t-e core value o' t-i
tandard
*nure open, 'uture#proo' and

'le(ible )tem arc-itecture, wit-
tate#o'#t-e#art per'ormance
1nteroperate wit- ot-er 1*, 619@0

compliant 1*>
1ntroduction
68006@0 erie
/eliable Operation
,omplementar)
'unctionalit)
,ontrol ,apabilitie
,ommunication
O''erin. and
application e(ample
&ec-nolo.) Summar)
/elion
I
Summar)
ABB Group
ABB Group
(u$o reclosing C#cle
(u$o reclosing C#cle
,as$
si3ul$aneous
,aul$ clearing
.=-lines
=igh 'aul$-ra$e
4/-!95
ABB Group
A"'(R)&%(*ING &+&%)
A"'(R)&%(*ING &+&%)
.=-lines
In$er3i$$en$ 'aul$s
4/-!95
Success'ul
(R-ra$e :
=igh 4/-!95
ABB Group
Auto recloin. principle
:@C o' 'ault are tranient t)pe
= P- autorecloin. )nc-roc-ec$ i ued
!elp veri') p-ae an.le are not out o' p-ae

e4.; due to -eav) power win.
1 P- autorecloin. need identi'ication o'

'ault) p-ae
P-ae identi'ication i di''icult 'or -i.- reitance

'ault
ABB Group
Sin.le#pole /ecloin.
A B & A B &
*ingle-,ole Re-losing
ABB Group
Arti'icial e(tinction o' econdar) arc b) +i(ed
+our#reactor Sc-eme
% R
A B & A B &
L
p
L
p
L
p
L
n
ABB Group
<
?ine <
Bu
SNF,#B?O,J
<
Bu
<
?ine
+ue 'ail
1#p-
=#p- 3or 1#p-5
<
Bu
<
?ine
<
!i.-
D @0#120C <
r
<
?ow
E 10#100C <
r
P-ae
>i''
E @#8@
<
>i''
E @#@0C <
r
+re2
>i''
E @0#=00 m!A
o
S#nchronis3 an1 -nergi>ing check
ABB Group
ABB Group
Feed 'or Bubar protection
1n it abence 'ault clearance ta$e place in Kone#11 o'

ditance rela) b) remote end trippin.
&-i mean low and unelective trippin. and wide pread

blac$ out

*''ect o' dela)ed clearance
Greater dama.e at 'ault point
1ndirect -oc$ to connected e2uipment li$e -a't

o' Generator and windin. o' tran'ormer4
ABB Group
&)pe o' BB Protection
!i.- impedance
%edium impedance
?ow impedance
Bloc$able O0, rela) 3 +or radial )tem in

ditribution )tem5
ABB Group
=igh i3pe1ance &us 1i''eren$ial rela#
Baic 'eature
SETTING.
R
/ I
F
( R
&'
0 1 R
%
)
.
2
/ 1 .
R
FOR.
R
TOBEZEROFOR
EXTERNALFAULT
n
A
3 n
B
1 0 R
A
! 4
A
1 0 R
B
! 4
B
n=TURNSRATIO
R 3 R
&'
0 1 R
%
4=MAGNETIZINGIMPEDANCE
A B
R
&'
R
%
.
R
ABB Group
?imitation o' !i.- impedance di''erential rela)
Put trin.ent re2uirement on ,&
Feed 'or dedicated ,&
1dentical ,& ratio , ma.netiin. impedance
Au( ,& not acceptable
1nabilit) to cope wit- increain. 'ault level

ABB Group
'
56
n
56
6
1
6
1
d
R
I
R1
"
d7
"
*
R()SS 3e1iu3
i3pe1ance rela#
ABB Group
E E
Distributed installation
(BB Ne$work Par$ner (% R-B 5
Ba# @ni$
C
-
Ba# @ni$
C
-
Ba# @ni$
C
-
Ba# @ni$
C
-
,entral <nit
C
-
R)B5 - Numeri-al Bus8ar
and Brea9er Failure ,rote-tion
ABB Group
Advanta.e o' medium0 ?ow impedance rela)
+ree 'rom an) need 'or 1dentical ,& ratio or matc-ed ,&

Ot-er rela) can be included in t-e ame ,& core
1ncreain. 'ault level -ave no impact

ABB Group
)i''+ rela#
1000/5 200/5 500/5
3.5A 5A 5A
500A 200A 700A
0.7A 0.2A 0.5A
5/1 5/0.2 5/0.5
R()SS IN SIN%"- B@S
ABB Group
R):"IR)5)N'* (N ';) I*(%A'(R A"XI%IAR+ &(N'A&'*
Isola$or (u;+ Con$ac$ KaL shoul1
close &e'ore $he pri3ar# con$ac$
closes an1
(u; con$ac$L &L closes a'$er $he
pri3ar# con$ac$ opens+
Throw-over relay
1<
<
Mai
!"#a!#
A$%.
C"#a!#
a
A$%.
C"#a!#
8
a 8
O C
ABB Group
6("B%) B"*BAR *+*')5 =I'; 'RAN*F)R B"*
B"* - A
B"* - B
A"X$ B"*
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide :0
1>- BR)A2)R *+*')5
RA6** - A
RA6** - B
B"* - A
B"* - B
"1 "< "5
"6 "7 "2
ABB Group
April 200:
Slide :1
Bubar Protection /*B680
ABB Group
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide :=
!itor) # ,ircuit brea$er development
(ir Blas$ .il 2ini3u3 S,7 %as
*(ample; 420 $"
Oaround 1:60 Oaround 1:90 Otoda)P
tec-nolo.)
ABB Group
1nterrupter
1nterrupter dei.n
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide :@
Rela# &ack-up
RELA&
S&STEM
RELA&
S&STEM
50
'
'
(
(
52
52a
52
52a
C)ANNEL
C)ANNEL
ABB Group
F"*$!+,a*,-.a$+#/0"1CB2/#"3,#*i44,-a*,1535678
Breaker &ack-up
Z9
5
1
7
3
6
2
8
:
ABB Group
,laical ,B+P
I>
I>
I>
I>
t
Breaker Failure Protection
trip
+
if trip
from
relay
ABB Group
ABB Group
September 4, 2014 | Slide ::
1ntroduction
%aQorit) 'ault are eart- 'ault
*art- 'ault protection depend on t)pe o' eart-in.
*''ectivel) eart-ed
/eactance eart-ed
!i.- reitance eart-ed
/eonance eart-ed
ABB Group
2easure3en$ o' ear$h 'aul$ curren$
%eaurement o' Aero e2uence volta.e

U
0
;
L1
L2
L3
ABB Group
-ar$h 'aul$ pro$ec$ion in soli1l# ear$he1
s#s$e3s
I)2T ear$h 'aul$ rela#s
are use1 $o 1e$ec$ ear$h
'aul$s in e''ec$i*el# ear$he1
s#s$e3
ABB Group
>irectional *art- +ault /ela)
>irectional eart- 'ault rela) are ued
,an ue communication lin$
1nru- current tabiliAation ma) be re2uired 'or

enitive ettin.
ABB Group
>irectional eart- 'ault rela) 'or !i.-
reitance eart-ed )tem
>irectional eart- 'ault rela) ued w-en in 'eed o' capacitive current 'rom an obQect i -i.-er t-an 60C o'
re2uired enitivit)
%eaure active component o' 'ault current

*art- 'ault in reonance eart-ed networ$

A B ,
<
0
,
0
R1
01
R1
02
1
e'
/
0
? /
?
*art- 'ault in iolated networ$

A B ,
<
0
,
0
R1
01
R1
02
1
e'
/
0
ABB Group
)irec$ional ear$h 'aul$ rela#
ABB Group
Res$ric$e1 ear$h 'aul$ rela#
ABB Group
ABB Group
Protection
%onitorin.
,ontrol
,ommunication
B-at i Subtation Automation S
( co3&ina$ion o':
ABB Group
B-at i Subtation Automation S
Subtitution 'or conventional control panel
Subtitution 'or ot-er ub )tem
A more e''icient wa) o' controllin. )our ubtation
ABB Group
T0,!"<,#i"a+1a=
2(RS=("IN% R(CD
T-"--
("(R2IN%
NIS(TI.N
B@SB(R
PR.T-CTI.N
"ocal
Con$rol
In$er-
locking
2easuring
Ba#
Pro$ec$ion
Telecon$rol
RT@
(lar3ing
S#nchro-
ni>a$ion
Bus&ar
Pro$ec$ion
Con$rol Boar1
ABB Group
S$a$ion =2I
%a$ewa#
%ulti ObQect
Protection
2erging @ni$
%ulti Ba)
,ontrol
ObQect
Protection
Ba)
,ontrol
,ontrol T
Protection
2erging @ni$
I-) Tool
S#s$e3 -ngineering Tool
I-)s
Ce& Clien$
S$a$ion Clock
S$a$ion &us
Process &us
Co33unica$ion onl#
1uring engineering S$a$ion
2oni$oring
S#s$e3
&-e Few Ba)
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
#

"
e
*
e
l
S
$
a
$
i
o
n

"
e
*
e
l
%IS or (IS
Swi$chgear
-Q1
-Q0 -Q8 -Q9
-Q2
=D04+R01 225kVLIGNEABOBO1 ABB
125VDC Distributui! B"tt #r$A 125VDC Distribut ui! B"t t#r$ B
,aul$
Recor1ing
=D04+R01 225kVLIGNEABOBO 1 ABB
125VDC Distribut ui! B"t t#r$A 125VDC Distributui! B"t t#r$ B
BA%CON&ROL RELA%REC'1()4
ABB
LOCAL CON&ROL *E&ERI NG
LI NE+RO&EC&I ON RELA%REL'1()4
ABB
B,-BAR +RO&EC&I ON REB500
ABB
Ba# Pro$ec$ion
"ocal
Con$rol
=D04+R01 225kVLIGNEABOBO 1 ABB
125VDC Distributui! B"tt#r$A 125VDC Distribut ui! B"t t#r$ B
Bus&ar Pro$ec$ion
SC()(
RT@
125VDC Distributui! B"tt #r$A 125VDC Distributui! B"t t#r$ B
RT@2IN 1 IN2 IN < IN 6 IN 5 IN 7 IN 0 IN / .@T
.N/.,,
RT@2IN 1 IN2 IN < IN 6 IN 5 IN 7 IN 0 IN / .@T
.N/.,,
RT@2IN 1 IN2 IN< IN 6 IN5 IN 7 IN 0 IN/ .@T
.N/.,,
125VDC Distributui! B"tt#r$A 125VDC Distribut ui! B"t t#r$ B
-*en$
Recor1ing
=D04+R01 225kVLI GNEABOBO 1 ABB
ABB
-Q2
-EL
-Q1
-EL
-Q0
-EL
=.1
=.2
/ER*ER O,VRI R
E0E E-C
LA*+E &E-&E
DI-&ANCE
LOC
ABB ABB ABB
,or each 'unc$ion a
1e1ica$e1 1e*ice
an1 separa$e Panel
-;$ensi*e s$a$ion wi1e ca&ling

-;$ensi*e &a# ca&ling

Con*en$ional Con$rol M Pro$ec$ion
%ar-allin.
Con$rol
Panel
SC()( RT@
S-R / ,aul$ Recor1er
Pro$ec$ion Cu&icle
Con$rol Cu&icle
/ela) 'or control 0 lo.ic
&randucer, %eter
Switc-e, ?amp
Annunciator, &erminal
In$er&a# &us
-$herne$ Swi$ches
d .i tal
di .i t al
NCC / RCC
2icroSC()(
ABBPower AutomationAG ,O%@91
,
C11u!i2"ti!
C!3#rt#r
=AD14-5B2 -t#u#ru!6 7 -28ut9 /:;;"!<#!
/#;<st#u#r6#r:t REC21( 1it *#ssu!6 u!< -$!28r28#2k
LEI &,NG-=A,+&-C=,&> REL'1()4 +R?/-&EC5ER
I
0
-C=,&> EIN7 A,-
I
0
.E-BLOC5
I
0
-&,/ENVERL@
R#s#t
A,-
Ba# Con$rol/Pro$ec$ion Cu&icles
-Q1
-Q0
-Q8

%
a
r
-
a
l
l
i
n
.
-Q9
-Q2
Su&s$i$u$ion o' Con*en$ional Technolog#
=AD14-5B2 -t #u#ru!6 7 -28ut 9 /:;;"!<#!
LEI&,NG-=A,+&-C=,&> REL'1()4 +R?/-&EC5ER
I
0
-C=,&> EIN7A,-
I
0
.E-BLOC5
I
0
-&,/ENVERL@
R#s#t
A,-
COM 581
NCC / RCC
*
In$er&a# &us
-$herne$ Swi$ches
d .i tal
di .i t al
NCC / RCC
2icroSC()(
,
C11u!i2"ti!
C!3#rt#r
=AD14-5B2 -t#u#ru!6 7 -28ut9 /:;;"!<#!
LEI &,NG-=A,+&-C=,&> REL'1()4 +R?/-&EC5ER
I
0
-C=,&> EIN7 A,-
I
0
.E-BLOC5
I
0
-&,/ENVERL@
R#s#t
A,-
-A**EL-C=IENEN-C=,&> REB500 RE-ERVE-C=,&>
I
0
-C=,&> EIN7 A,- A,-
220VDC -+ANN,NG -%- 1 220VDC -+ANN,NG -%- 2
-%NC=RONI -I ER,NG=AND
I
0
VERRI EGEL,NG
2 A 2207 24VDC7 DC -+ANN,NG-VER-ORG,NG
-01
Ba# Con$rol/Pro$ec$ion Cu&icles
-Q1
-Q0
-Q8

%
a
r
-
a
l
l
i
n
.
-Q9
-Q2
S$ill e;$ensi*e &a# ca&ling
2o1ern Su&s$a$ion (u$o3a$ion 4S(5
=AD14-5B2 -t #u#ru!6 7 -28ut 9 /:;;"!<#!
LEI&,NG-=A,+&-C=,&> REL'1()4 +R?/-&EC5ER
I
0
-C=,&> EIN7A,-
I
0
.E-BLOC5
I
0
-&,/ENVERL@
R#s#t
A,-
-A**EL-C=I ENEN-C=,&> REB500 RE-ERVE-C=,&>
I
0
-C=,&> EI N7A,- A,-
220VDC -+ANN,NG-%-1 220VDC -+ANN,NG-%-2
-%NC=RONI-IER,NG=AND
I
0
VERRIEGEL,NG
2 A 220724VDC7DC -+ANN,NG-VER-ORG,NG
-01
COM 581
In$er&a# Bus
ABB Fetwor$ Partner AG
C
-
,O%@91
Ne$work Con$rol
Cen$er NCC
-Q1
-Q0 -Q8 -Q9
-Q2
=D04+R01 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 ABB
125VDC Di stri butui! B"tt#r$ A 125VDCDi str ibutui ! B"tt#r$ B
BA% CON&ROL RELA% REC'1()4
1
ABB ABB N#t Brk +"rt ! #r REL ' 1( ) 4
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
LOCAL CON&ROL *E&ERING
LINE+RO&EC&ION RELA% REL'1()4
1
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
B,-BAR +RO&EC&ION REB500
ABB ABB N# tB rk +"rt !# r REB50 0
ABB
=D04 ABOBO 1
-Q2 -EL - Q1 -EL
- Q0 -EL
= .1
= .2
/ ER*ER O,VRIR
E0E E-C
LA*+E & E-& E
DI-& ANCE L OC
ABB +O.ER *ONI &O RING ,NI &
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
#

"
e
*
e
l
S
$
a
$
i
o
n

"
e
*
e
l
,
e
a
$
u
r
e
s

a
n
1

B
e
n
e
'
i
$
s
,
e
a
$
u
r
e
s

a
n
1

B
e
n
e
'
i
$
s
B
a
s
i
c

,
u
n
c
$
i
o
n
a
l
i
$
#
B
a
s
i
c

,
u
n
c
$
i
o
n
a
l
i
$
#
2o1ern S( (rchi$ec$ure
t
i i t l
-Q1
-Q0
-Q8
+
e
e
d
e
r

%
a
r
-
a
l
l
i
n
.
-Q9
-Q2
In$elligen$ Pri3ar# -8uip3en$
P1SA
PIS(
(
PIS(
B
PIS(
(
-N1
-N2
-N51
-N
-T1
-N!
-N/
Process
Bus
In$er&a# &us
-$herne$ Swi$ches
d .i tal
di .i t al
NCC / RCC
2icroSC()(
,
C11u!i2"ti!
C!3#rt#r
=D04 +R01 225kV LI GNE ABOBO1 ABB
125VDC Distr ibutui ! B"tt#r$A 125VDCDi stributui ! B"tt #r$ B
BA% CON&ROLRELA% REC'1()4
1
ABB ABBN# tB rk +" rt !#r REL'1 ( )4
24'5(48
91 2 1 1 1 ' 1 4 1 5 1 (
1 0
LINE +RO&EC&I ON RELA% REL'1()4
1
ABB ABBN# tB rk +" rt !#r REL'1 ( )4
24'5(48
91 2 1 1 1 ' 1 4 1 5 1 (
1 0
ABB
=D04 ABOBO 1
- Q2 -EL -Q1 -EL
-Q0 -EL
=.1
=.2
/ER*ER O,VRI R
E0E E-C
LA*+E & E-& E
DI -&AN CE L OC
ABB +O .ER *ONI& O RI NG,NI &
O LOCAL
REMOTE
SET
OPERATION
%
%
%
)ri*e con$rol M
3oni$oring
circui$r#
Sa3pling
()-Con*ersion
Signal Processing
Signal ,il$ering
I3ple3en$a$ion o' In$elligen$ Technolog#
COM 581
Process Bus
In$er&a# Bus
In$elligen$ S( (rchi$ec$ure
C
-
,O%@91
Ne$work Con$rol
Cen$er NCC
P
1S
A

P
IS
(
(
P
IS
(
B
P
IS
(

(
-N1
-N2
-N51
-N -T1 -N!
-N/
=D04 +R01 225kV LIGNE ABOBO 1 ABB
125VDC Di stri but ui! B"tt#r$ A 125VDC Di stributui! B"tt#r$ B
BA%CON&ROL RELA%REC'1()4
1
ABB ABBN# tB rk +" rt! #r REL ' 1()4
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
LINE +RO&EC&ION RELA% REL'1()4
1
ABB ABBN# tB rk +" rt! #r REL ' 1()4
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
ABB ABB N# tB rk +"rt !# r RE B50 0
ABB
= D04 ABOBO 1
-Q2 -EL -Q1 -EL
-Q0 -EL
= .1
= .2
/ ER*ER O,VRI R
E0E E-C
L A*+E &E-& E
DI -&ANCE LOC
ABB +O.ER * ONI &ORI NG ,NI &
O LOCAL
REMOTE
SET
OPERATI ON
%
%
%
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
#

"
e
*
e
l
S
$
a
$
i
o
n

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
s
i
c

,
u
n
c
$
i
o
n
a
l
i
$
#
B
a
s
i
c

,
u
n
c
$
i
o
n
a
l
i
$
#
,
-
(
T
@
R
-
S

(
N
)

B
-
N
-
,
I
T
S
,
-
(
T
@
R
-
S

(
N
)

B
-
N
-
,
I
T
S
In$er&a# Bus
%IS or (IS Swi$chgear
Ins$ru3en$ Trans'or3ers
Power Trans'or3ers
Surge (rres$ers
-Q1
-Q0 -Q8 -Q9
-Q2
,unc$ions (lloca$ion
C
-
,O%@91
Ne$work Con$rol
Cen$er NCC
125VDC Di stri butui! B"tt#r$ A 125VDCDi str ibutui ! B"tt#r$ B
1
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
LINE+RO&EC&ION RELA% REL'1()4
1
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
ABB
=D04 ABOBO 1
-Q2 -EL - Q1 -EL
- Q0 -EL
= .1
= .2
/ ER*ER O,VRIR
E0E E-C
LA*+E & E-& E
DI-& ANCE L OC
ABB +O.ER *ONI &O RING ,NI &
2oni$oring
Scala&le S#s$e3 -;$ensions
SC()(
Re3o$e Co33unica$ion
,aul$ e*alua$ion
2oni$oring
-*en$s an1 alar3s
Super*ision M Con$rol
)a$a -;change
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
#

"
e
*
e
l
S
$
a
$
i
o
n

"
e
*
e
l
,unc$ional S$ruc$ure o' 2o1ern S(
In$er&a# Bus
In$elligen$ or Ps3ar$Q
(IS / %IS Swi$chgear
)a$a ac8uisi$ion
Sensors M (c$ua$ors
Power Trans'or3ers
Surge (rres$ors
C
-
,O%@91
Ne$work Con$rol
Cen$er NCC
Process Bus
P
1S
A

P
IS
(
(
P
IS
(
B
P
IS
(

(
-N1
-N2
-N51
-N -T1 -N!
-N/
2oni$oring
Scala&le S#s$e3
-;$ensions
SC()(
Re3o$e Co33unica$ion
,aul$ e*alua$ion
2oni$oring
-*en$s an1 alar3s
Super*ision M Con$rol
)a$a -;change
,unc$ional S$ruc$ure
,unc$ions (lloca$ion
125VDC Di stributui! B"tt#r$ A 125VDC Di str ibutui ! B"tt#r$ B
1
ABB ABB N# t Brk +"rt !# r REL '1( )4
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
LINE +RO&EC&ION RELA% REL'1()4
1
ABB ABB N# t Brk +"rt !# r REL '1( )4
24'5(48
912 11 1' 14 15 1(
10
B,-BAR+RO&EC&IONREB500
ABB ABBN# tB rk +" rt !#r REB 50 0
ABB
=D04 ABOBO 1
-Q2 -EL -Q1 -EL
-Q0 -EL
=.1
=.2
/ ER*ER O,VRI R E0E E-C
L A*+E &E-& E
DI -& ANCE L OC
ABB +O.ER *ONI& ORI NG ,NI &
O LOCAL
REMOTE
SET
OPERATION
%
%
%
P
r
o
c
e
s
s

"
e
*
e
l
B
a
#

"
e
*
e
l
S
$
a
$
i
o
n

"
e
*
e
l
In$elligen$ Su&s$a$ion (u$o3a$ion
ABB
1nterba) bu 1
1nterba) bu 2
PIS(
PIS(
PIS( P1SA
PIS(
(
PIS(
(
PIS(
B
Ab.an.c-utA 1
+eldleit.erUt
Ab.an.c-utA 11
?ine Protection 1
Ba) ,ontroller
?ine Protection 2
Bubar Protection
Switc-e
Proce Bu
Sensors 'or
curren$ M
*ol$age
3easure3en$
(c$ua$or 'or
circui$ &reaker
con$rol
(c$ua$or 'or
isola$or M
ear$hing
swi$ch
con$rol
In$elligen$ S(: Con$rol, Pro$ec$ion an1 Sensors
125VDC Distributui! B"tt#r$ A 125VDC Distributui! B"tt#r$ B
1
ABB ABB N#tBrk +"rt!#r REL'1()4
2
4'
5(48
9
12 11
1' 14 15 1(
10
LINE +RO&EC&ION RELA%REL'1()4
1
ABB ABB N#tBrk +"rt!#r REL'1()4
2
4'
5(48
9
12 11
1' 14 15 1(
10
ABB ABB N#tBrk +"rt!#r REB500
ABB
=D04 ABOBO 1
-Q2 -EL -Q1 -EL
-Q0 -EL
=.1
=.2
/ER*ER O,VRIR
E0E E-C
LA*+E &E-&E
DI-&ANCE
LOC
ABB +O.ER *ONI&ORING ,NI&
O LOCAL
REMOTE
SET
OPERATION
%
%
%
(1*ance1 anal#sis
$ools
%PS
@ni*ersal Ti3e
s#nchroni>a$ion
@ser 'rien1l#
*isuali>a$ion
(u$o3a$ic prin$ing
Su33ar# repor$
C.NCIS- / ,(ST
)is$ance $o ,aul$
2oni$oring *ia I-)s 'or Pro$ec$ion
(lar3 Classes
R .' $rips
Se8uence o' -*en$s
C
-
%o 124 114 :6 G%& 18;0244=4=0@
A)er /aQa- T ?abrador +eeder One
1
2
=
4
@
6
8
9
:
10
11
12
1=
14
1@
16
ABB Fetwor$ Partner AG /*? =16V4
C
-
1
2
=
4
@
6
8
9
:
10
11
12
1=
14
1@
16
C
-
1
2
=
4
@
6
8
9
:
10
11
12
1=
14
1@
16
C
-
I-) Para3e$er
S$a$ion le*el super*ision
Single "ine )iagra3:
)iagnos$ic: ,aul$ Recor1ing an1 -*alua$ion
(u$o3a$ic
'aul$ loca$ion
prin$ou$
Re3o$e Con$rol *ia Ne$work Con$rol Cen$re 4NCC5
ABB Group
Interoperability T0,a3i+i#=."*IED2/.*">","*/,<,*a+>a$.a!#$*,*
#",%!0a?,i."*>a#i"a-$/,#0,i."*>a#i"."*
#0,#0,i*"1.$!#i"/.
Long Term Stability T0,/#a-a*-/0a++3,.$#$*,4*"".5i.,.i#>$/#3,a3+,
#"."++"1#0,4*"?*,//i!">>$i!a#i"#,!0"+"?=a/
1,++a/,<"+<i?/=/#,>*,@$i*,>,#/.
Free Configuration T0,/#a-a*-/0a++/$44"*#-i..,*,#40i+"/"40i,/a-
a++"1a.*,,a++"!a#i""..$!#i"/,.?.i#1i++1"*A
,@$a++=1,++."*!,#*a+iB,-CRTU+iA,D"*-,!,#*a+iB,-
CSCS+iA,D/=/#,>/.
T0,?"a+".#0,IEC81:50/#a-a*-
ABB Group

PowerSystem Protection Compact Part2

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

PowerSystem Protection Compact Part2

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

ABB Group

September 4, 2014 | Slide 1

Stator *art- +ault

/otor *art- +ault

Stator S-ort ,ircuit

Stator0/otor 1nterturn 'ault

over# and undervolta.e

over# and undere(citation

over# and under're2uenc)

out o' tep

'ailure in t-e mac-ine control )tem 3i4e4

'ailure in t-e mac-ine coolin. )tem

'ailure in t-e primar) e2uipment 3i4e4

&-e /*G 680 provide protection 'unction and

&urbine 3're2uenc), revere power5

Generator 3%ain10%ain2, %ain0Bac$#up5

Generator tran'ormer0Step#up tran'ormer

Au(iliar)0Station ervice tran'ormer

&-ere i nevert-ele a limit eit-er due to

A pump to move t-e oil i o'ten unnecear)4

1nter turn +ault

/educed )tem volta.e

1t i poible to overload power tran'ormer

Older tran'ormer ma) wit-tand 140C continuoul)

Overloadin. and lo o' coolin. caue over-eatin.

Ga detector rela) 3 Buc--olA5

Over load protection

&emperature monitorin. rela)

Over current protection

Ground 'ault protection

Preure rela) 'or tap c-an.er

Oil level monitor

Ground 'ault protection

%ec-anical 'ault detector

Sudden .a preure protection

Oil level monitorin.

&-e oil t-ermometer

&-e windin. t-ermometer

680 erie optimiAed 'or .eneration

6@0 erie )our bet c-oice 'or ub#

<nrivalled compatibilit) 'or new and

>ei.ned 'or 1*, 619@0,

*nure open, 'uture#proo' and

1nteroperate wit- ot-er 1*, 619@0

S-unt reactor are ued in *!" )tem to limit t-e over

&-e -unt reactor are normall) connected

&-rou.- iolator to a line

&-rou.- circuit brea$er to a bubar

&-rou.- circuit brea$er to t-e tertiar) o' a 1nterconnectin.

P-ae#to#p-ae 'ault , reultin. in -i.- ma.nitude p-ae current

P-ae#to#eart- 'ault ,, reultin. in a low#ma.nitude eart-#'ault

&urn#to#turn 'ault wit-in t-e reactor ban$, reultin. in a ver) mall

!i.- current p-ae#to#p-ae and p-ae#to#eart- 'ault4

&urn#to#turn 'ault wit-in t-e reactor windin.4

%icellaneou 'ailure uc- a lo o' coolin. or low oil

1nru- current 'low in connection wit- ener.iation

1nru- current uuall) lower t-an 200C o' rated

P-ae over current protection

/etricted eart- 'ault protection

%ec-anical 'ault detector

Oil temperature and windin. temperature

%ec-anical 'ault detector

Sudden .a preure protection