One-Way Analysis of

Variance
Engr. James Ryan A. Jabonero
DEFINITION
One-Way Analysis of Variance
It is used to test differences of three (3) or more means
if there is only one factor or variable involved in the
study. If the computed F-ratio is significant, at least one
pair of means in three or more means that are
compared are significantly different from each other.
EXAMPLE 63
Given in Table 34 are the scores obtained by the 3
groups of students taught by 3 methods of teaching.
You want to test whether the mean scores of the 3-
groups are all equal.
DATA FOR COMPUTING THE ONE-WAY
ANOVA
TEACHING METHOD
Student Group
Group 1
Achievement Scores
(x1)
Group 2
Achievement Scores
(x2)
Group 3
Achievement Scores
(x3)
1 2 3
16 19 24
A E I
21 20 21
B F J
18 21 22
C G K
13 20 25
D H L
Total (x) 68 80 92
Mean (x) 17 20 23
(Continuation)
Step 1: Formulate hypotheses and state the alpha ()
level:
HO: The means of the scores of students taught by 3
methods are equal.
HA: At least one pair of means out of the three means
are unequal.
= 0.05
Step 2: Compute:
COMPUTATIONS OF ONE-WAY ANOVA FOR
THE DATA
STUDENT GROUP TEACHING METHOD
1 2 3 x x x x x x
A E I 16 256 19 361 24 576
B F J 21 441 20 400 21 441
C G K 18 324 21 441 22 484
D H L 13 169 20 400 25 625
TOTAL 68 1190 80 1602 92 2126
(Continuation)
Note:
N = 12 (number of students)
k = 3 (number of groups of students)
(Continuation)
Calculate the correction factor:

=
()
2

Where: =
1
+
2
+
3

= 68 +80 +92 = 240


(Continuation)
Calculate the correction factor:

=
(240)
2
12
= 4800


(Continuation)
Calculate the Sum of Squares Total value (SS Total):

=
2


Where:
2
=
1
2
+
2
2
+
3
2


2
= 1190 +1602 +2126 = 4918


(Continuation)
Calculate the Sum of Squares Total value (SS Total):

= 4918 4800 = 118


(Continuation)
Calculate the Sum of Squares Between value (SSB):

=
()
2

Where:

1
2

1
+

2
2

2
+

3
2

3



(Continuation)
Calculate the Sum of Squares Between value (SSB):

Where:

=
68
2
4
+
80
2
4
+
92
2
4
= 4872

= 4872 4800 = 72

(Continuation)
Calculate the Sum of Squares Within value (SSW):

=

= 118 72 = 46

(Continuation)
Note:
SOURCE OF
VARIATION
df df
Between groups k-1 2
Within groups N-k 9
Total N-1 11
(Continuation)
Calculate the Mean of Squares Between value (MSB):

=

=
72
2
= 36

(Continuation)
Calculate the Mean of Squares Within value (MSW):

=

=
46
9
= 5.11
(Continuation)
Calculate the F-ratio or variance ratio:

=

=
36
5.11
= 7.045
(Continuation)
Step 3: Set-up the ANOVA table.
SOURCE OF VARIATION df SS MS F Tabular F
Between groups 2 72 36
7.045
= 0.05
Within groups 9 46 5.11 4.26
Total 11
(Continuation)
Step 4: Test the null hypothesis and state the findings.

Since the computed F = 7.045 is greater than the table F =
4.26, the Ho is rejected and HA is accepted.
Step 5: Draw conclusion:

Therefore, the 3 means are not all equal.


THANK YOU!