production system for poultry in Malaysia. 2. Propose new and advance alternatives practices and solutions to improve sustainability of agrosystems.
OBJECTIVES ANIMAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA most households including it in their diet major component of the growing fast food industry for example is KFC, Burger King and McDonalds. Malaysias Third National Agricultural Policy (1998-2010) included as one of its goals, ensuring an adequate domestic supply of eggs and poultry. one of the priority in food production (animal production).
ENVIRONMENT Pasture Management Avoid land becoming churned up by removing the contamination of water and feces of soil surface Manage the disposal of antibiotics and hormones through smooth runoff Ventilation & Temperature Supplies fresh air Reduce the extremes temperature, humidity and air contamination Dilutes airborne emissions Lighting Must not kept permanently dark Encourage chick activity, assisting them to locate feed and water During brooding light intensity is maximum
Litter and Noise Give laying chicken possible for pecking and scratching Adequate depth for dust- bathing Noise should be minimized SOCIAL
SUSTAINABLE AGROSYSTEM S ECONOMY SOCIAL EQUITY ENVIRONMENT SOCIALIST CONCERN Economic and Social Equity sustainability concern point:
Ensure individual farm business viability Maintain farm household economic security Maintain or increase the quality of life for farm families and workers
Direct Marketing Issue: Competition of small scale and Large Scale, small scale farming unable to full filled requirement of large corporate buyer they are not likely to have the manpower or capital to meet criteria imposed by buyers to monitor compliance with increasingly complex food safety and quality standards (Hendrickson et al., 2001; Reardon et al., 2001). These difficulties motivate farmers to seek other venue for sales. For many reasons, direct marketing can be a viable strategy to increase the economic sustainability of a farming system (Hinrichs and Lyson, 1995; Feenstra, 2002) Consumer demand for fresh and healthy food (Sharp and Smith, 2003)
ENSURE INDIVIDUAL FARM BUSINESS VIABILITY
Strategies: improve economic security at the farm level include reducing production costs, increasing the value of farm products, and diversifying income streams Organic farming, integrated pest management, or non confinement livestock farmingcould be economically competitive with the dominant conventional farming practices MAINTAIN FARM HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC SECURITY Adopt new technology to reduces Labor hour, hence reduces physical stress among Labor. Smart task distribution. Improves quality of worker performance. Statistical analyses suggested that the workers happiness is correlated with the number and range of tasks performed each day (Cross et al., 2008)
INCREASE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR FARM FAMILIES AND WORKERS GOVERNMENT Law and Policy Financial Research and development Collaboration and partnership Facilities Examination for animals suspected of disease: If a veterinary authority has reason to believe that any animal, may be infected with any disease, he may subject such animal to such examination or test which may take blood, milk, urine, or any other substance from such animal. Any person who fails without lawful excuse to comply with any order made under subsection shall be liable to a fine of fifty ringgit.
PREVENTION OF THE SPREAD OF DISEASE According to the Welfare of Farmed Animals Regulations 2000, farmer must make sure that :
Feed the birds a wholesome diet for their age and species and enough to maintain good health. Provide feeding and watering equipment designed, constructed, placed and maintained to avoid contamination and minimize competition between birds. The introduction of Enactment in Poultry Farm Licensing 2009, is to ensure that the producers comply to the needs of Farm Bio-security; birds welfare; adopt environmental friendly production system.
CONCLUSION In Malaysia, poultry industry is getting more advance in technology. The quality and quantity of poultry production are slowly increase. Several precautions has been taken to overcome problems which affect the sustainability of poultry industry. Economy, social and environment are three main aspects that control the sustainability of poultry industry. REFERENCE
Poultry Industry News:Malaysia (2014). Retrieved April 23, 2014 http://www. thepoultrysite.com/news/vars/country/my Philip M. Parker (2011). The 2011 Import and Export Market for Live Poultry in Malaysia. CRC Press. Brandt William S(2002). Emergy of Florida agriculture folio #4 Handbook of emergy evaluation Center for environmental policy of florida.University of Florida.Gainesvile. FL