Presented by : Azaj Khan

Roll No : G07140
Beijing National Stadium
Birds Nest
Introduction
It is the Largest & Most Complicated Steel Structure in the
World
Giant Curving Steel Design gives the shape of Birds Nest
Held 2008 Summer Olympics & Paralympics games



Location In the olympic green Bejing China
Building Type Stadium
Owner Chinese Government
Number of floors Three, but it is almost 20 stories (of
an ordinary building high), reaching
226 feet.
Architect Herzog & De Meuron
Structural Engineer Ove Arup & Partners
MEP Engineers Ove Arup & Partners
Contractor CITIC Internationals Contracting Inc

GENERAL INFORMATION

STADIUM FACTS
Height 69.2m (227 feet)
Length 330m (1082 feet)
Width 220m (721 feet)
Steel Used to Construct
the Outer Shell 42,000 tons
Total Weight of Construction
Materials (incl. concrete
seating bowl) 110,000 tons
Seating Capacity 80,000-91,000
Design Life 100 years

Foundation
Pile Foundation was used
Pile was dug 37m below
the Ground level


Concreting

14700 Precast Concrete slabs
were slotted together
7000 workers were working 3
shifts a day
Concrete Bowl of the Stadium
was constructed in just 5
months


Steel Frame

Most difficult & challenging part of the Structure
Not a single Beam was straight
Special Type of Steel was invented to withstand massive
twists & turns
Curved beams were created by Box design
Beams were set up in 3 stages


1
st
Set of Beams
2
nd
Set of Beams
3
rd
Set of Beams
It supports stairways
that connects
multiple levels

Provides Frame for
the Roof membrane
covering
MIDDLE OF SEISMIC REGION
Stadium is susceptible to high intensity earth quakes
In 1976 Tangshan city which is near to beijing suffered 7.6
magnitude earthquake killing around 250000 people
Size of the stadium was creating major problem to make it
earthquake resistant
J Parish was appointed to make stadium earthquake proof
Concrete structure was divided into 8 parts so that
each part could move independently
Steel frame was built as a separate structure
without touching concrete within
GREEN OLYMPICS
Beijings air pollution was very high
Beijing spends $12B to relocate industrial buildings & plant
new trees
Roof was skimmed with high tech ETFE membrane
Rain water capture
system was used
to feed the grass
on field.
World Class solar
system was
installed



WELDING
Steel is affected by temperature differences

Welding was done at midpoint of beijing
temperature scale

Over 1000 Welders were trained for the job

They Worked over 3 nights without a break
INTERESTING FACTS
The birds nest can withstand an earthquake of up to
magnitude 8 on the Richter Scale.
At the peak of construction there were over 9,000
workers on the project.
The project budget began at $500M before it was
drastically reduced to just under $423M.
It involved the relocation of 4,707 residents from 2,043
households in the surrounding area.
When Unwrapped, the steel strands of the bird's nest
would stretch for a distance of 36 km.



Opening Ceremony was held on 28 June 2008
43 new world records & 132 Olympic records were set in the Stadium