Wrist & Hand Muscles

Wrist & Hand

Bones
1. Radius
2. Ulna
3. Navicular
4. Lunate
5. Triangular
6. Pisiform
7. Trapezium
8. Trapezoid
9. Capitate
10. Hamate
11. Metacarpal (1
st
5
th
)
12. Phalanges
Wrist Flexion Muscles
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi
Radialis
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of
humerus


Insertion:
Base of 2
nd
& 3
rd

metacarpals, anterior
(palmar surface)
Flexor Carpi
Radialis
Action:
Flexion of wrist
Abduction of wrist
Weak flexion of elbow

Innervation:
Median nerve (C6,7)
Flexor Carpi
Ulnaris
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of
humerus
Posterior aspect of the
proximal ulna
Insertion:
Pisiform, hamate, &
base of 5
th
metacarpal
Flexor Carpi
Ulnaris
Action:
Flexion of wrist
Adduction of
wrist
Weak flexion of
elbow

Innervation:
Ulnar nerve
(C8, T1)
Palmaris
Longus
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of
humerus

Insertion:
Palmar aponeurosis
of the 2
nd
, 3
rd
, 4
th
, &
5
th
metacarpals
Palmaris
Longus
Action:
Flexion of wrist
Weak flexion of
elbow

Innervation:
Median nerve
(C6,7)
Wrist Extension Muscles
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi
Ulnaris
Origin:
Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus

Insertion:
Base of 5
th

metacarpal
(dorsal side)
Extensor Carpi
Ulnaris
Action:
Extension of wrist
Adduction of wrist
Weak extension
of elbow
Innervation:
Radial nerve
(C6,7,8)
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Brevis
Origin:
Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus

Insertion:
Base of 3
rd

metacarpal
(dorsal surface)
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Brevis
Action:
Extension of wrist
Abduction of
wrist
Weak extension
of elbow

Innervation:
Radial nerve
(C6,7)
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Longus
Origin:
Lower 1/3 of lateral
supracondylar ridge of
humerus
Lateral epicondyle of
humerus
Insertion:
Base of 2
nd
metacarpal
(dorsal surface)
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Longus
Action:
Extension of wrist
Abduction of
wrist
Weak extension
of elbow

Innervation:
Radial Nerve
(C6,7)
Finger Muscles
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Indicis
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis
Origin:
Medial epicondyle of
humerus
Ulna Head: medial
coronoid process
Radial Head: upper
2/3 of anterior border
of radius
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis
Insertion:
Each tendon splits &
attaches to the sides
of the middle phlanax
of 4 fingers (palmar
surface)
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis
Action:
Flexion of fingers
Flexion of wrist
Weak flexion of elbow

Innervation:
Median nerve
(C7,8, T1)
Flexor Digitorum
Profundus
Origin:
Proximal of
anterior & medial
ulna

Insertion:
Base of distal
phalanxes of the 4
fingers
Flexor Digitorum
Profundus
Action:
Flexion of fingers
Flexion of wrists

Innervation:
Median nerve (C8,
T1) to 2
nd
& 3
rd
fingers
Ulna nerve (C8, T1) to
4
th
& 5
th
fingers
Extensor
Digitorum
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of
humerus

Insertion:
4 tendons to bases of
middle & distal
phalanges of the 4
fingers
Extensor
Digitorum
Action:
Extension of 2
nd
, 3
rd
,
4
th
, 5
th
phalanges
Extension of wrist
Weak extension of
wrist
Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6,7,8)
Extensor
Indicis
Origin:
Middle to distal 1/3 of
posterior ulna


Insertion:
Base of middle &
distal phalanxes
(dorsal surface)
Extensor
Indicis
Action:
Extension of index
finger
Weak wrist extension

Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6,7,8)
Extensor Digiti
Minimi
Origin:
Lateral epicondyle
of humerus

Insertion:
Base of middle &
distal phalanxes of
5
th
phalange (dorsal
surface)
Extensor Digiti
Minimi
Action:
Extension of little
finger
Weak wrist extension

Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6,7,8)
Thumb Muscles
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Flexor Pollicis
Longus
Origin:
Middle anterior surface
of radius
Anterior medial border
of ulna (just distal to
coronoid process)
Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx
of thumb (palmar
surface)
Flexor Pollicis
Longus
Action:
Flexion of thumb
Flexion of wrist


Innervation:
Median nerve (C8, T1)

Extensor
Pollicis Longus
Origin:
Posterior lateral
surface of lower
middle ulna

Insertion:
Base of distal phalanx
of thumb (dorsal
surface)
Extensor
Pollicis Longus
Action:
Extension of thumb
Extension of wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6,7,8)
Extensor
Pollicis Brevis
Origin:
Posterior surface of
lower middle radius


Insertion:
Base of proximal
phalanx of thumb
(dorsal surface)
Extensor
Pollicis Brevis
Action:
Extension of thumb
Weak extension of
wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6,7)

Abductor
Pollicis Longus
Origin:
Posterior aspect of
radius
Midshaft of ulna

Insertion:
Base of 1
st
metacarpal
(dorsal surface)
Abductor
Pollicis Longus
Action:
Abduction of thumb
Abduction of wrist

Innervation:
Radial nerve (C6, 7)