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Mathematical Formulation
Fluid flow in wire coating die.
Continuity: = 0
Momentum balance: Re
+ = p +
Constitutive equation (Upper Convected Maxwell (UCM) Model):
De
+ = +
where De is Deborah no. given by
and
0 Newtonian fluid
0 Viscoelastic effects (generally >1)
is Very important parameter which decides the viscoelasticity
quantitatively (Its a measure of viscoelastic ).
Dimensionless equations:
Solution for base state
steady state fully developed flow in z direction
=
ln
ln
= 0 and
= 2
First normal stress difference,
1
=
0
but for Newtonian it is always zero.
N
1
may cause flow instability.
= 1
=
Linear stability analysis
, , =
()
(+)
where = [
,
,
,
and is wave no. of the perturbation wave = 2/.
s is perturbation growth rate which is complex valued i.e
S =
< 0 Stable
< 0 Unstable
= 0 Neutral
Base flow + Perturbation superposition:
Procedure
Now after finding the base state variables, an axis symmetric
perturbations are imposed on the base state , which is a function of
radial, axial coordinate and time. These solutions are used to
perform linear stability analysis.
, , =
()
(+)
where = [
,
,
,
Formulating the governing equations of mass, momentum and find
their solution using numerical methods .
Results
After imposing axisymmetric perturbations on the base state and
simultaneously solving these six equations in Mathematica, finally
we get a forth order ODE in
4
+
3
3
+
2
2
+
1
+
0
= 0
Boundary conditions:
at =
= 0 and
= 0
and same at = i.e.
= 0 and
= 0
Coefficients
=0).
Future plan
To find out, the liner growth rate which is calculated from linearized
perturbation governing equations.
The dynamical equations for perturbations will be solved numerically
using FORTRAN programming to obtain the growth rate as eigenvalue of
the problem.
Further the role of fluid elasticity will be examined.
References:
Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E., & Lightfoot, E. N. (2002). Transport
phenomena (2nd ed.). New York: J. Wiley.
Larson, R. G. (1992). Instabilities in viscoelastic flows. Rheologica
Acta, 31, 213-263.
Olsson, F., & Ystrm, J. (1993). Some properties of the Upper Convected
Maxwell model for viscoelastic fluid flow. Journal of Non-newtonian Fluid
Mechanics, 48, 125-145.
Gonzalex, A. G., Diez, J. A., Gratton, R., Campana, D. M., & Saita, F. A.
(2010). Instability of a viscous liquid coating a cylindrical fibre. Journal of
Fluid Mechanics, 651, 117-143.