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Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing

Protocol
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Cisco proprietary protocol
Classless routing protocol
Metric (32 bit) : Composite Metric
=> (BW + Delay) by default.
Administrative distance is 90
Updates are sent through Multicast IP address (224.0.0.10 ).
EIGRP supports:
- Rapid convergence
- Reduced bandwidth usage
- Multiple network-layer protocols

Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol
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Max Hop count is 224 (100 by default)
Supports IP, IPX and Apple Talk protocols
Hello packets are sent every 5 seconds
Convergence rate is fast
Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol
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Interior Gateway
Protocol
Routing protocols used
within an autonomous
system
All routers will be
routing within the same
Autonomous boundary
RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF,
IS-IS
Exterior Gateway
Protocol
Routing protocol used
between different
autonomous systems
Routers in different AS
need an EGP
Border Gateway Protocol
is extensively used as
EGP
IGP EGP
Routing Protocol
Classification
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XYZ - AS 100 ABC AS 200
IGPs operate within an autonomous system
EGPs connect different autonomous systems
EGPs: BGP
IGPs: RIP, OSPF,
IGRP, EIGRP
IGPs: RIP, OSPF,
IGRP, EIGRP
IGP & EGP
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EIGRP Terminology
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EIGRP
Concepts & Terminology
EIGRP routers keep route and topology information readily
available in RAM, so they can react quickly to changes.

Like OSPF, EIGRP saves this information in several tables
and databases.

EIGRP saves routes that are learned in specific ways.

Routes are given a particular status and can be tagged to
provide additional useful information.

EIGRP maintains three tables:
- Neighbor table
- Topology table
- Routing table
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EIGRP Tables
Neighbor Table: Contains information about directly connected adjacent
routers.

Topology Table: Contains entries for all the destinations, along with feasible
distance, any feasible successor, Advertised distance, and the calculated
cost.

Routing Table: The EIGRP routing table holds the best routes to a
destination. This information is retrieved from the topology table. Each
EIGRP router maintains a routing table for each network protocol.

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EIGRP Data Structure
Like OSPF, EIGRP relies on different types of packets to maintain its
various tables and establish complex relationships with neighbor
routers. The five EIGRP packet types are:
Hello
Acknowledgment
Update
Query
Reply

EIGRP relies on hello packets to discover, verify, and rediscover
neighbor routers.

Rediscovery occurs if EIGRP routers do not receive hellos from each
other for a hold time interval but then re-establish communication.

EIGRP routers send hellos at a fixed but configurable interval, called
the hello interval. The default hello interval depends on the bandwidth
of the interface.

On IP networks, EIGRP routers send hellos to the multicast IP address
224.0.0.10.
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DUAL Example
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Naveen Rangani
E0
192.168.1.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24
E0
192.168.2.1/24
LAN - 192.168.2.0/24
E0
192.168.3.1/24
LAN - 192.168.3.0/24
10.0.0.1/8
S0
S1
10.0.0.2/8
11.0.0.1/8
S0
S1
11.0.0.2/8
HYD CHE BAN
EIGRP Lab
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Routing Comparison
Characteristic EIGRP OSPF RIPv2 RIPv1
Type of protocol Advance Distance

Vector
Link-state Distance Vector Distance Vector
Classless support Yes Yes Yes No
VLSM support Yes Yes Yes No
Auto summarization No No Yes Yes
Discontiguous support Yes Yes Yes No
Route propagation Multicast (change) Multicast (change) Periodic multicast Periodic broadcast
Path metric Bandwidth+ Hops Bandwidth Hops Hops
Hop count limit None None 15 15
Convergence Very Fast Fast Slow Slow
Hierarchical network Yes (Using AS) Yes( Using Area) No (flat only) No (flat only)
Peer authentication Yes Yes Yes No
Updates Event Triggered Triggered Route table updates Route table updates
Route computation DUAL Dijkstra Bellman-Ford Bellman-Ford
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THE END