THREE-PHASE CAGE ROTOR INDUCTION MOTORS

Resource 2
Three-Phase AC machines
Aims
1. To understand the principle of the operation of the motor
2. To describe the construction of a cage rotor induction commercial
motor
3. To understand the factors that affect the performance of the motor
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
Objectives
At the end of this lesson you should be able to:
Describe the principle of the rotating magnetic field
Describe the principle of rotor cage induction
Describe the construction of a commercial stator
Describe the construction of a commercial cage rotor
Explain and calculate synchronous speed
Explain and calculate fractional slip
Describe the effect upon the performance of the motor by connecting
the stator in star and delta
Performance simple calculations involving electrical and mechanical
parameters that describe the performance of the motor
Describe the performance curve for a cage rotor induction motor





Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
Iron Pole
Pieces
Phase connections
A
A
B
B
C
C
Iron
Stator
Ring
Phase
Coils
Simple stator made of 3 pole pairs of coils around iron pole pieces
Current enters coil
A and leaves coils A

Magnetic flux set
up in coils with
North Pole at the
bottom and South
Pole at the top
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
1. Principle of Operation
1. Principle of Operation
Changing which coils are energised alters direction of magnetic flux
AA energised CC energised BB energised
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
N
S
C
B
C
A
B
A
C
B
C
A
B
A
C
B
C
A
B
A
Energising two sets of coils together in sequence
Compass settles half way between poles
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
1. Principle of Operation
1. Principle of Operation
Sequence produces one complete rotation of the magnetic field
1. CC & BB
2. AA & BB
3. AA & CC
4. BB & CC
5. BB & AA
6. CC & AA
7. CC & BB
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
1. Principle of Operation
Three-Phase supply provides the correct sequence for stator coils
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
1. CC & BB
2. AA & BB
3. AA & CC
4. BB & CC
5. BB & AA
6. CC & AA
7. CC & BB
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
1. Principle of Operation
Three-Phase supply provides the correct sequence for stator coils
1. CC & BB
2. AA & BB
3. AA & CC
4. BB & CC
5. BB & AA
6. CC & AA
7. CC & BB
Rotor cage added in the centre of the stator field
1. Principle of Operation
Cage conductors
Cage rotor
Copper end ring
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors
As magnetic field rotates, cage conductors cut lines of magnetic flux
1. Principle of Operation
This induces currents in cage conductors
Induced currents produce magnetic field in rotor
Magnetic field in rotor attracted towards rotating stator field
Rotor turns in same direction as stator field but slower
Three-Phase AC Machines
Resource 2
Three-phase Cage Rotor
Induction Motors