BARCODE

TECHNOLOGY
Amey Kelkar
Mulund College of Commerce
Roll No. 11011
AGENDA
Bar code technology

Bar code terminology

Types of barcode

Bar code scanners

Types of scanners

Benefits of bar coding
BAR CODE TECHNOLOGY
It is an automatic identification technology

Bar code is a predefined format of dark bars and white
spaces

It contain a specific information

It allows real-time data to be collected accurately and
rapidly
BAR CODE TERMINOLOGY
BAR
The darker, non reflective element of a Bar Code

BI-DIRECTIONAL SYMBOL
A Bar Code symbol format which permits reading in either direction
across the bars and spaces

CHECK DIGIT
A calculated character included within the Bar Code for error
detection
BAR CODE TERMINOLOGY
SPACE
The lighter, reflective element of a Bar Code

START CHARACTER
A special pattern of bars and spaces used to identify the beginning
of a Bar Code symbol

STOP CHARACTER
A special pattern of bars and spaces used to identify the end of a
Bar Code symbol
TYPES OF BARCODE
Mainly the barcodes are of three types

Alpha-numeric barcodes

Numeric-only barcodes

2-Dimensional barcodes

ALPHA-NUMERIC BARCODES
Code 128

Very capable code, excellent density, high reliability; in very wide
use world-wide

Code 39

General-purpose code in very wide use world-wide
BAR CODE 128 EXAMPLE
Sym.
Patter
n
Bar Code
A
10100011
000


B
10001011
000

C
10001000
110

D
10110001
000

E
10001101
000

Ex. OF ALPHA NUMERIC BAR CODE


Code 128


Code 39


NUMERIC-ONLY BARCODES
UPC-A: - Universal product code seen on almost all retail
products

EAN-13: - European Article Numbering international retail
product code

Codabar: - Older code often used in library systems,
sometimes in blood banks
GENERATION OF NUMERIC BAR
CODE
0 = 3211 1 = 2221 2 = 2122 3 = 1411
4 = 1132
5 = 1231 6 = 1114 7 = 1312 8 = 1213 9 = 3112
GENERATION OF NUMERIC BAR
CODE
Example: Assume the number 781871307436







The following barcode is generated with the help of
previously discussed patterns

CHECKSUM CALCULATION
Add the values of the digits in the even-numbered positions:
2, 4, 6, etc.

Multiply this result by 3.

Add the values of the digits in the odd-numbered positions:
1, 3, 5, etc.

Sum the results of steps 2 and 3.

The check character is the smallest number which, when added to
the result in step 4, produces a multiple of 10.

Example: Assume the barcode data =
001234567890

0 + 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 0 = 20

20 * 3 = 60

0 + 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25

60 + 25 = 85

85 + X = 90 (nearest or equal to multiple of 10), therefore X = 5
(checksum)
2-DIMENSIONAL BARCODES
PDF417: Excellent for encoding large amounts of data

DataMatrix: Can hold large amounts of data, especially suited for
making very small codes

Maxicode: Fixed length, used by United Parcel Service for
automated package sorting

QR Code: Fast readability and large storage capacity compared to
standard UPC barcodes.
BAR CODE SCANNERS
A device used to extract information optically from a Bar Code

Bar Code symbol consists of series of vertical dark bars separated
by spaces

When illuminated reflected light is detected by electro optical
sensor

The intensity of reflected light from the dark bars is less than that of
spaces
BAR CODE SCANNERS
Reflected light is converted into electrical voltage signals

Analog voltages are digitized into raw data

The decoder converts this data into the character data
representation of the symbols code
TYPES OF SCANNERS
There are two basic types of bar code scanning devices

Contact Scanner

Non Contact Scanner

CONTACT SCANNERS

Must touch or come in close proximity of symbol

Good where the label cannot be placed in an easy-to-view
position

Normally hand-held/stationary units

Common type is pen/wand reader

Positioned angle of wand to the surface and movement
speed across the symbol are key parameters


CONTACT WANDS

CONTACT READERS

NON CONTACT SCANNERS
Reader need not come in contact with symbol

Scan distance may be from 6 to several feet depending upon
symbol size and scanner design

Hand-held, fixed beam readers
BENEFITS OF BAR CODING
Represent unique identity of a product

Accuracy of data input (error free)

Aid effective management of resources and inventories

Less work by avoiding manual entry
WHAT WE LEARNED ?
Bar code terminology

Types of bar code

Generation of Bar code

Generating Checksum

Types of scanners

Benefits of bar coding
This concludes my presentation!
Amey Kelkar
Mulund College of Commerce
Roll No. 11011