COMMUNICATION SWITCHING

TECHNIQUES
PRESENTED
BY:-
CHAND
KATARIA
M.B.A-I
INTRODUCTION
A network consist of large number of
computer and various other intermediate
devices. All these devices and computer
need to be connected so as to transfer data
from one computer other in the network.
In order to provide one to one
communication between the computers, one
possible way is to make point to point
connection between the

Each pair of devices i.e every computer in the
network is having a link with every other
computer. However, this method requires lot
of wiring and will increase the cost.




DEFINATION
Another technique that can determine how
connections are made between the devices
and how data movement is handle is
switching.
A switched network consists of series of
interlinked nodes called switches . Switches
are hardware and software devices that are
capable of creating temporary connections
Between two or more devices linked to the
switch.

TYPES OF SWITCHING
Circuit switching
Packet switching
Message switching
Switching
Circuit
switching
Packet
switching
Message
switching
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
In circuit switching the routing decisions is made
when path is up across the network. After the
link has been set between the sender and
receiver, the information is forwarded
continuously over the link.
The dedicated Path established between the
sender and the receiver is maintained for entire
duration of conversation.
This link or path is released only when data
transmission between sender and receiver is
over.

Data transferred between the two stations
are not packetized.
There is no addressing involved in data
transferred.
The telephone systems circuit switching is
used.
CIRCUIT SWITCHING
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
ADVANTAGES
The dedicated path established between
sender and receiver provides a guaranted
data rate.
Once the circuit is established, data is
transmitted without any delay as there is no
waiting time at each switch.
The method is suitable for long continuous
transmission.
DISADVANTAGES
As the connection is dedicated it cannot be
used to transmit any other data even if the
channel is free.
As resources are allocated for the entire
duration of connection, these are not
available to other connection.
PACKET SWITCHING
In packet switching, message is broken up
into packets of fixed or variables size.
Each packets includes a header that
contains source address, destination address
and other control information.
The size of a packet depends upon the type
of network and protocol used.
In packet switching no resources are
allocated
PACKET SWITCHING
A
B
C
D
1
2
3
3 2
4
1
4
4
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1
ADVANTAGES
As the routing is done on the packet basis,
the intermediate nodes do not have to wait
for the entire message, hence the
transmission is very fast.
The network allowing many devices to
communicate through the same network
channel.
DISADVANTAGES
Packets may be lost on their route, so
sequence numbers are required to identify
missing packets.
Switching nodes for packet switching require
large amount of RAM to handle large
quantities of packets.
MESSAGE SWITCHING
A message switching is a logical unit of
information and can be of any length.
In message switching, if a station wishes to
send a message to another station, it first
adds the destination address to the
message.
No direct link is established from sender to
receiver.
Each message is treated as an independent
unit.
ADVANTAGES
No physical connection is required between
the source and destination.
It reduces the traffic congestion on network
because of stored and forward facility.
DISADVANTAGE
No physical connection is required between
the source and destination.
It provides efficient traffic management.
It support the message length of unlimited
size.