MENTAL HEALTH

What is Mental Health?

WHAT IS MENTAL HEALTH?

It is a persons condition with regard to their psychological
and emotional well-being. It affects how we think, feel and act as
we cope with life. It also helps determine how we handle stress,
relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at
every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through
adulthood.

MENTAL HEALTH
What is Mental Health?
Causes of mental illness.

CAUSES OF MENTAL
ILLNESS
Genetics (heredity): Mental illnesses
sometimes run in families, suggesting that
people who have a family member with a
mental illness may be somewhat more likely
to develop one themselves. Susceptibility is
passed on in families through genes.
Infections: Certain infections have been
linked to brain damage and the
development of mental illness or the
worsening of its symptoms.
Brain defects or injury: Defects in or injury
to certain areas of the brain have also been
linked to some mental illnesses.
Prenatal damage: Some evidence suggests
that a disruption of early fetal brain
development or trauma that occurs at the time
of birth -- for example, loss of oxygen to the
brain -- may be a factor in the development of
certain conditions, such as autism.
Substance abuse: Long-term substance
abuse, in particular, has been linked to
anxiety, depression, and paranoia.


CAUSES OF MENTAL
ILLNESS
Severe psychological trauma suffered as
a child, such as emotional, physical, or
sexual abuse
An important early loss, such as the
loss of a parent
Neglect
Poor ability to relate to others

CAUSES OF MENTAL
ILLNESS
Death or divorce
A dysfunctional family life
Feelings of inadequacy, low self-
esteem, anxiety, anger, or loneliness
Changing jobs or schools
Social or cultural expectations
Substance abuse by the person or the
person's parents

CAUSES OF MENTAL
ILLNESS
MENTAL HEALTH
What is Mental Health?
Causes of mental illness.
Types of Mental Disorders

.

TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Phobias: Phobia is the term used to
describe an irrational and extreme fear of
a situation or an object.
Social anxiety disorder: The fear of being
involved in social interactions is
characteristic of social anxiety disorders.
Generalized anxiety disorder
(GAD):People suffering with this disorder
tend to be extreme worriers about multiple
aspects of their lives, such as their family,
money, and their future. They may also
have non-specific worries and anxieties.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Panic disorder: Panic disorders are
typified by frequent episodes of severe,
unexpected, incapacitating anxiety attacks
also known as panic attacks. These panic
attacks may include symptoms such as an
accelerated heart beat, breathlessness,
nausea, and an inability to think clearly.
The diagnosis of panic disorder is
dependent upon the person must also be
worried about experiencing a panic attack or
worried about the panic attack being the
symptoms of a medical condition, like a
heart attack.

Behavioral disorder is the catch-all
term used to refer to the inability
to display acceptable behaviors for
a given situation.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Major depression: In order to be diagnosed
with major depression, the individual must feel
depressed for most of the day and for most
days over at least a two week time period.
Additionally, they may experience symptoms
such as changes in appetite and weight,
irritability, loss of interest and motivation for
their usual activities, hopelessness, and in some
cases thoughts, make plans or attempts to cause
harm to themselves.
Dysthymia: persistent mild depression
Bipolar disorder: It is characterized by
extreme changes in mood, recurring depressive
episodes, and at least a single manic episode.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
People diagnosed with psychotic
disorders experience a warped sense of
thinking and awareness. This is
typified by auditory or visual
hallucinations and delusions. The
person believes these delusions to be
true, although there is an abundance
of evidence to indicate that they are
not. A diagnosis of schizophrenia is an
example of a psychotic disorder.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Eating disorders are associated
with severe feelings, actions, and
attitudes towards food and weight.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
The diagnosis of impulse control
disorders is used to describe the inability
to resist impulses or urges and
performing acts that are considered
harmful to self or to others.
In terms of addition disorders, people
often become so wrapped up in
something that they no longer focus on
anything else and they neglect their
relationships and responsibilities.
Substance use and dependency disorders
fall under addiction disorders.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
In personality disorders, people's
behavioral pattern and thought
processes are very different from
societal norms, and they are so
inflexible that they impair everyday
life. They may become so severe that
they cause distress to the individual
and disrupt their job or school and
relationships.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Although they are often included in
diagnostic manuals of mental
disorders, mental retardation and
learning disabilities do not meet the
criteria for mental disorders since they
do not impact a person's mood.
Instead they are typified by cognitive
problems that include impairments
with language or with recognition, and
they occur in the absence of brain
injuries.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
A diagnosis of adjustment disorder is
given if a person develops behavioral
or emotional symptoms after
experiencing a stressful event. These
stressors can be natural disasters,
catastrophic events, or interpersonal
issues.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Sexual and gender disorders
refers to disorders that impact
sexual behaviors, sexual
desires, and sexual
performance.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Factitious disorders refer to
conditions in which a person fakes
emotional and/or physical
symptoms to garner attention
either in the role of patient or as a
person needing assistance.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
When a person experiences physical
manifestations of an illness in the
absence of a true medical cause for
their symptoms, they meet the criteria
for the diagnosis of somatoform
disorder.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
Involuntary vocalizations or body
movements that are repetitive, sudden,
and quick are referred to as tics.
People that display tics are diagnosed
with a tic disorder.
TYPES OF MENTAL
DISORDERS
MENTAL HEALTH
What is Mental Health?
Causes of mental illness.
Types of Mental Disorders
Characteristics of Mental Health
.

Mental health is more than just the absence of mental illness. It includes how you feel
about yourself and how you adjust to life events. However, the National Mental Health
Association cites 10 characteristics of people who are mentally healthy.
They feel good about themselves.
They do not become overwhelmed by
emotions, such as fear, anger, love,
jealousy, guilt, or anxiety.
They have lasting and satisfying
personal relationships.
They feel comfortable with other
people.
They can laugh at themselves and with
others.

They have respect for themselves and
for others even if there are differences.
They are able to accept lifes
disappointments.
They can meet lifes demands and
handle their problems when they arise.
They make their own decisions.
They shape their environment
whenever possible and adjust to it
when necessary.

MENTAL HEALTH
What is Mental Health?
Causes of mental illness.
Types of Mental Disorders
Characteristics of Mental Health
WHO-AIMS
.

WHO-AIMS
The Philippines have a National Mental Health
Policy since 2001, which
addresses the main issues of mental health in the
country. There is no mental
health legislation, but different stakeholders are
currently working towards the
passage of a mental health act. A regular budget
allocation exists for mental
health. In 2005, over 10 million US dollars (five
percent of the total health
budget) was directed towards mental health. There
is a Commission on
Human Rights mandated to review/inspect human
rights protection of
patients.
The Philippines has all types of mental
health facilities. At present, there are 2
mental hospitals, 46 outpatient facilities, 4
day treatment facilities, 19
community-based psychiatric inpatient
facilities and 15 community residential
(custodial home-care) facilities. The only
mental hospital in the National
Capital Region houses 4,200 beds, while
almost all mental health facilities are
located in major cities.

WHO-AIMS
The total number of human resources working in mental health
facilities or
private practice is 2,900, including 353 psychiatrists, 141 other
doctors not
specialized in psychiatry, and 769 nurses. Coordinated and
sustained efforts
are needed to strengthen the mental health system in the
Philippines.
MENTAL HEALTH