Design of Basic Electric Vehicle Drive for Energy

Flow Estimation Using MATLAB

Overview

Abstract
Introduction
Electric Vehicle Drive Train Operation
Basic EV
Comparison of EV&ICE
Model based design/Simulation
Comparison of Conventional design and MBD process
Model development process
Simulation models and results
Conclusion
References

Abstract
This project presents the simulation of a basic electric
vehicle motor-drive system that is used to investigate
power flow during both motoring and regeneration. The
model can also be used to evaluate the electric drives
energy flow and efficiency for specific speed and torque
load conditions.

Introduction

Electric vehicles are by many seen as the cars of the future.

The 20102020 time period described as the upcoming tipping
point the transition from the ICE to electric propulsion systems.

The design process in industry has significant change in recent

years.

Model-Based Design is now commonly used in automotive,

aeronautical, and other industries.

Electric Vehicle Drive Train

The Vehicle Interface communicates with the Battery

and Motor Controllers.

A battery controller monitors and controls the battery

pack.

Motor Controller is used to optimize the performance of

the motor throughout the four quadrant modes.

Continued.

Battery provides required power to the drive.

power electronics unit converts the DC voltage

into desired form.

Motor will provide the required speed and torque

to the vehicle for propulsion purpose.

Electric Vehicle(EVs)
Powered by an Electric Motor
Battery stores electrical energy that powers the motor
Battery charged by plugging into outside electric
power source
Zero tailpipe emissions, but air pollution may be
produced through electricity generation
So, No local air pollution

Comparison of EV and ICE

ICE drive train

EV drive train

Model based design/Simulation

The design process in industry has experienced significant

change in recent years.(Model-Based Design)

Model-Based Design uses models in the process to create

executable specifications.

Engineers can decrease both design costs and design time thus
enabling companies to complete and test designed items.

Comparison of conventional and MBD

process
Conventional design process

conventional design workflow

involves:

Model based design process

Model-Based Design uses models early in

the process to create executable
specifications.

Engineers then share models that can

demonstrate the performance of the
subsystems.

a) Requirements
b) Design

c) Implementation
d) Test and validation.

Comparison continue
Conventional design process
Problems :
1) specifications must be understood
by different engineers.

2) application engineers have to

rewrite design engineers algorithms.
3) the problem is not found until the
testing phase.

Model based design process

Problems can be rectified in design

process itself.

Model Development Process:

It consists of 1) determining how the model will be used

2) identifying the key equations, parameters and assumptions

3) building and refining the model
4) the actual model application and evaluation.

The major components of the model are input road torque, input road
speed, motor model, motor controller model, battery model, and PI
controller.

Simulation block diagram

Simulation Model:

Simulation Results:

Conclusion:

The world of electric vehicle development is changing fast.

During 2011-2012 electric vehicles were mass produced for the first time
in history.

Current engineering students will play key roles in the development of

the electricvehicles.

Simulation is a very real and necessary part of electric vehicle

development.

It vanishes the cost of on-road analysis and testing of a particular

design which is under development.

EVs are coming

Light TrucksSedan/SUV Compact Sport/Luxur
y

2009

2010

2011

2012

Tesla Model S

Cadillac XTS PHEV

Tesla Roadster
Porsche 918 PHEV

Mini EV
Zenn EV

Wheego
LiFe
Mitsubishi i-MiEV

GM Volt

Smith Electric Edison

Nissan Leaf

Navistar eStar

Audi A1
PHEV

Fisker Karma

Volvo V70
PHEV

Toyota Prius
Smart for two

Think City

Coda EV

Ford Transit Connect

Toyota Rav4 EV

Mercedes Vito E-cell

Honda insight PHEV

BYD e6 EV

Ford Focus EV

Renault Kangoo

Bright Auto Idea

References:
I.

II.

Herniter, Combining Passion with Fundamentals Applying Model-Based

Design to Education, Paper 2008-01-1292, www.mathworks.com
http://www.virtual-car.org/wheels/wheels-road-load-calculation.html.

III.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Mi, Masrur & Gao, Wiley, ISBN 978-0-470-74773-5
pgs42-45.

IV.

McDonald, Engineering & Technical Education for Electric Vehicle Engr,

ASEE AC 2010 .

V.

Electric and Hybrid Vehicles Design Fundamentals 2nd Ed. Iqbal Husain,
CEC Press, ISBN: 978-1-4398-1175-7 .