High Altitude Long Operation

Contents
Introduction
HALO Network
System architecture
HALO Aircraft
Spectrum allocation

Reference model
User terminal
HALO Network services

Advantages
Conclusion
Reference

INTRODUCTION
Demand for broadband wireless multimedia network

growing rapidly.
HALO Network is a wireless MAN.
High Altitude Aeronautical Platform Station (HAAPS) is
the technology used here.
It combines the advantages of two well established
wireless communication networks,
Terrestrial networks
Satellite networks

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION NETWORK

Here the central node is satellite orbiting
around the earth in space. They have high look angles.
Disadvantages
Expensive
High power user terminals
Long propagation delay
Complex structure
Cannot be maintained easily
System capacity will be fixed

TERRESTRIAL COMMINICATION NETWORK

It is simple wireless communication networks
used in cellular and personal communication systems. It
have low look angles.
Advantages
Less expensive
Low power user terminals
Short propagation delays
Scalability of capacity
Easy to maintain

HALO NETWORK
Located at atmosphere above commercial airline traffic

and below satellite networks

Wireless MAN in star topology
HALO/proteous air plane is the central hub of the network
Provides many types of service

HALO aero plane is specially designed for carry the

hub devices and they are having long lifetime.
HAAPS is the basic idea behind HALO.

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

HALO/Proteus airplane
It is a specially designed aircraft which can carry weight

of approximately 900 Kg.

The fuselage consists of ATM switches spot beam
antennas, multi beam antennas ,transmitters and receivers.
A fleet of 3 aircrafts are cycled in shifts to achieve
communication above an isolated city
Air plane maintains height in range 51,1000 to 60,000 ft.
The cone of commerce have diameter of 100 km at the
Minimum Look Angles(MLA) of 20 degree.
It can cover an area approximately 2000-3000 square miles

SPECTRUM ALLOCATION
Variety of spectrum can be utilized by HALO

# LMDS( Local Multimegabit Data Service at 28 GHz

# Micro wave point to point at 38Ghz
HALO utilizes multiple beam on ground arranged in
cellular pattern with each cell cover more than several
square miles of area.
Dwell time: time duration for given beam spot at a
particular cell
Ratcheting action provide beam to beam hand over and
communication when aircraft is orbiting

REFERENCE MODEL
With in HALO network 4 types of elements are connected,
Customer premises Equipment(low rate terminals)
Business premises Equipment(high rate terminals)
HALO Gate way( interfaces to non-HALO network)
Network control stations(control and maintenance)
3 types of signaling interfaces are there
UNI(User Network Interface)
B-ICI
NNI(Network Node Interface)

SUBSCRIBER UNITS
It consist of three major sub group RF unit,NIU(Network
interface unit),and application terminals such as PC,
PSTN, video terminals
The RF unit consists of tracking circuitary,MMW transmiter
and receiver.
The NIU consists of high speed modulators demodulators
multiplexers and demultiplexers.
The L band Frequency is used as IF for communication
The connection between RU and NIU provided by coaxial
pair cables
Minimal cost and easiness to maintain

HALO Network Services

 Schools hospital,small,large,business etc will get

benefit of HALO.
Widely separated customers can receive same
communication as in entertainment broadcasting
Mobile telephone services,paging one way broadcasting
and satelite concentrator.
HALO PSTN interface provides services such as ecommerce web browsing etc
LAN ethernet bridging
Service is based on band width on demand,providing
efficient use of available spectrum.
Seamless large range multimedia services
Can use in marine communication system.

ADVANTAGES
Capacity in range(10-100)Gb/sec
Low cost easy to maintain
Easy to implement
Low power unobstructed communication
Low propagation delay
Maximum use of bandwidth
Can be connected to non halo networks
It is stabilized
It uses broad band protocols ATM and SONET

HALO Network coverage

DEVELOPMENTS IN CONCEPT

CONCLUSION