Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
REACTION
CH3OH + Cl-
HO- + CH3Cl
MECHANISM
H H
H H
Cl
C
H-O:
H
H
H
Cl
+ Cl-
C
H
Inversion of Configuration
three-dimensional
arrangement of bonds in
product is opposite to
that of reactant
OH-
FUNCTIONAL
GROUP
INTERCONVERSION
Alcohol
R OR'
Ether
R SH
Thiol
R SR'
Thioether
R C N
Nitrile
R'OSHR'SCN-
(-X-)
R OH
R-X
R'-C=C -
R = Me, 1o, or 2o
X= Cl, Br, or I
R C C R'
Alkyne
R'COO-
O
R O C R'
Ester
R'3N
+
R NR3' X-
N3 -
R-N3
Quaternary
ammonium halide
Alkyl azide
CH3Cl +
CH3CH2OH
Ethanol
Na OH
+
NaH
CH3OH + NaCl
CH3CH2O- Na+
+ H-H
Sodium propoxide
+ CH3I
CH3OCH2CH3 +
Ethyl methyl ether
Na+ I-
OCH3
H
H
C C
H H Br-
CH3
+
C C
OH
H
H
+ Br-
base
heat
(-HX)
2. Dehydration of alcohols
OH
acid
heat
+ H2O
3. Hydrogenation of alkynes
R'
H2/Ni2B
syn addition
R
C
H
(Z)-Alkene
R'
Li or Na
NH3or NH2
anti addition
C
R'
(E)-Alkene