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Process in Q.T.B.
Principle
A Thermo-mechanical Metallurgical Process of Quenched Tempered Bar
Heated bar surface is quenched (hardened) by flowing stream of water
Hardened surface is tempered by flowing heat flux from bar core
Cost-Effectiveness
Billet Cost
2000 Tk /T lower compared with Low Alloy Steel
3000 Tk/T lower compared with Micro- alloyed Steel
BAR CORE
800 C
Ist stage
MIDDLE
RADIUS
600 C
Ferrite + Pearlite
Bainite
Tempered Bainite
TEMPERING
TEMPERATURE
BAR SURFACE
2nd stage
Flowing residual heat from core temper crude
martensite And to some extent bainite
3rd stage
Slow cooling of cores results ferrite and pearlite
QUENCHING
STAGE
TEMPERING
STAGE
COOLING
FINAL
Microstructure
tempered martensite
PEARLITE-FERRITE
MIXED BAINITE
TEMPERED
MARTENSITE
Tempered
martensite
Depth 0,8 to 2,0 mm,
Hardness 280 - 300 HV
Mix bainite
Depth 1,2 to 2,8 mm
Hardness 220 - 240 HV
ferrite-pearlite
Conventional
Rolling
1100
1000
Austenite
910
Primary / Proeutectoid
Ferrite +
Thermo Mechanical
Stable
Rolling
Austenite
Ferrite
800
700
600
Austenite
0.86
2.10
%C
Primary Ferrite
and Pearlite
QTB Parts
Consists of
finishing block
water quenching boxes
Water box
Water system.
Pneumatic system
valves benches
Hydraulic system
Electric system/Automation
laying head
Q.T.B.
What it is
Box type, Main body of QTB Process
Welded, with top cover and containing one or more treating line/s.
Types
Fixed type, fixed foundation for production of bars.
Trolley type, a dry roller table and by-pass water treatment for producing sections
1,050
950
900
850
800
1
waterbox
750
2
waterbox
700
650
600
laying
head
TEMPERATURE (C)
1,000
3
waterbox
10
STEEL GRADE
(AISI)
Low Carbon
1008
1012
Medium Carbon 1038
1038
20
30
40
LAYING
TEMPERATURE
(C)
880 - 920
880 - 900
840 - 850
860 - 880
50
60
FINAL
COOLING
MODE
slow
slow
slow
fast
Cooling Chambers
Composed of:
Cooler
Stripper
Dryer
Strippers
Dryer
Cooler
What it does
Spraying of cold water in same direction of bar at rate higher than critical cooling rate for MS bar
Water supply
line
Consists of
Main body (green) with a bottom inlet hole and top plane
Final guiding pipe (purple and grey) with second locking point.
Internal element (grey) ensured in position by locking nut (orange).
Stripper
What it Does
Opposite directional water flow relative to bar breaks down the water wall of bar.
Gap
Adjusting
Plane
Material flow
Water supply
line
Composed of
Water or
Compressed
Air supply
Contact
Plane
Main body (green & purple) with a bottom inlet hole and Top plane for locking purposes.
Dryer
What it does
Compressed air is oppositely directed to bar movement
Drying water and steam from the bar.
Gap Adjusting
Plane
Material flow
Water supply
line
Air supply
line
Water or
Compressed
Air supply
Composed of
Main body (green & purple) with a bottom inlet hole and Top plane for locking purposes.
Contact
Plane
By Pass Pipe
What it does
Use as system back up for QTB process
W.T.P.
Booster pumps
Compressed Water
Delivery line
Compressed
Water
Distribution bench
Pneumatic System
How it works
Dryer
Air
Air feeder
Air
Feeding lines
Air
Actuators of FCV,
On/off valves.
Electrical System
How it works
PLC
VALVE BENCH
PLC
FT
PT
IP
IP
IP
electropneumatic
SIGNALS FROM
PYROMETERS
CONTROL PANEL
PUMPS UNIT
Conclusion
Natural Cooling
QTB Process
Steel Grade
Typical
Steel
YS
(N/mm2)
UTS
(N/mm2)
EL
(%)
YS
(N/mm2)
UTS
(N/mm2)
EL
(%)
Low Carbon
QTB 400
------
-------
-----
> 400
> 500
> 17
Low Carbon
QTB 500
-----
-------
------
> 500
> 600
>14
Thank You
All