Sunteți pe pagina 1din 19

LECTURE OUTLINE

ASTRINGENTS CHANDER MOHAN AND


ISHIKA
OBTUNDANTS JASLEEN
MUMMIFYING AGENTS KAVYA
BLEACHING AGENTS LAKITA AND LALITA
MOUTH WASHES LISHA AND MANISHA

ASTRINGENTS

The word "astringent" derives from Latin


adstringere, meaning "to bind fast".
Definition- Astringent is a drug that reacts
chemically with cellular proteins producing limited
coagulation which is accompanied with shrinkage of
body tissues.

CHARACTERISTICS
Affect only the superficial layer. Reduce cellular
permeability.
Make the surface mechanically stronger, decrease
exudation.
Protect from external irritation.
Possess local styptic and local antiseptic action.
May interfere with the function of pain receptors. The
pain relieving action is mild.

TYPES OF ASTRINGENTS
1. Vegetable astringents tannic acid, gallic acid
2. Metallic astringents
Aluminium salts alum, aluminium chloride,
aluminium acetate
Zinc salts zinc chloride, zinc sulfate
Ferric chloride
Strontium chloride
Silver nitrate and copper sulfate
3. Others very cold water, alcohol

CLASSIFICATION
According to their mode of action :
1. Those that decrease the blood supply by narrowing
the small blood vessels, e.g. epinephrine, cocaine.
2. Those that abstract water from the tissue, e.g.
glycerol and alcohol.
3. Those that coagulate the superficial tissue layers into
a crust, e.g. metallic astringents such as calamine or
alum.

ACTIONS OF ASTRINGENTS
The general condensation of tissue.
Diminished caliber of the arteries, veins, capillaries,
absorbents, and ducts.
Diminished secretion, exhalation and absorption.
Constipation of the bowels; and increased firmness
along with contraction of the pulse.
Constrict blood vessels to stop bleeding.
Harden the epidermis creating a barrier against
infection.

Increase in appetite and invigorate digestion.


Antioxidant.
Inhibit mutagenicity of carcinogens.

INDICATIONS
To check morbid discharges generally or locally
To obviate morbid relaxation generally or locally
To check inflammation in its earliest stage applied
directly at the site
Swollen, inflamed and/or leaky tissues :
-diarrhea, dysentery
-IBS, IBD
-leukorrhea (thick whitish/yellowish vaginal
discharge)

-Catarrhal states -cough, bronchitis, sore throats


-Canker sores and other oral infections
-Varicose veins
Minor bleeding:
-Menorrhagia (heavy flow)
-Hemorrhoids
-Small wounds and burns

THERAPEUTIC USES OF
ASTRINGENTS
Used internally to check discharge of blood, serum
or mucous secretions (in sore throat, diarrhea,
hemorrhage or peptic ulcers).
Externally applied astringents, which cause mild
coagulation of skin proteins, dry, harden, and protect
the skin.
Cleaning the face and preventing acne breakouts.
Stopping bleeding.

Haemorrhoids.
Relief from minor skin irritations like superficial
cuts, allergies, insect bites, or fungal infections such
as athletes foot - Aluminium acetate and calamine
lotion.
Other uses of astringents - in bleeding piles and as
antiperspirant/deodorant.

ASTRINGENTS USED IN DENTISTRY


Tannic acid and tannins
vegetable astringent.
source nutgalls (tannic acid), tea, catechu, betelnut
(tannins).
actions :
-strengthen gums and check bleeding.
-tannins bind salivary proteins, precipitate them,
causing dry sensation.

uses :
-their preparations are used as astringent mouth wash,
astringent dentrifices, local haemostatics,
mummifying agent and obtundant.
efficacy is dubious.

Zinc chloride
caustic astringent.
actions :
-Zinc reduces the permeability of cell membrane,
alters the capillary epithelium, inhibits transcapillary
movement of plasma proteins and reduces local
edema, inflammation, exudation and mucus secretion.

indications :
-ulcerative gingivitis, pyorrhoeal pockets and apthous
ulcers.
uses :
-included in several mouthwashes and dental gels.

Zinc sulfate
topical astringent for mucous membranes.
indications :
-mastoiditis, stomatitis and chronic alveolar abscess.
uses :
-included in mouthwashes and lotions.

Copper sulfate
Used as an astringent in indolent ulcer of gums.
Also used as a fungicide.
Disadvantage stain the teeth.

Alum
Has astringent, antiseptic and haemostatic properties.
indications :
-to harden the gums or for inflamed/ulcerated gums.
Example- styptic pencils used to prevent bleeding
from shaving cuts.

ALUM CRYSTAL USED AS ASTRINGENT

Aluminium chloride, ferric chloride,


strontium chloride
Included in many mouthwashes and gels.
Provide symptomatic relief, heal lesions, reduce
dentinal sensitivity and bleeding of gums.

Oaks bark
actions : tighten tissues and strengthen blood vessels.
indications : weak and bleeding gums, damaged
gums.

ADVERSE EFFECTS
Hydrolysable tannins are not recommended for longterm use.
Prolonged use can reduce absorption of nutrients, and
cause or worsen constipation.
Form complex with metal ions and reduce
absorption.
Irritation of mucous membranes.
Carcinogenic when injected subcutaneously.

S-ar putea să vă placă și